NUR 256 Test 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Does not contain proteins (Colloids). Crystalloids
Contains electrolytes that are normally ~May Cause Adema
found in the body. Treating dehydration,
acute liver failure, acute nephrosis, burns,
hypoproteinemia, dialysis, shock.
Normal Saline
What are two types of crystalloids?
Lactated Ringer
Large molecules/protien that cant be Colloids
diffused through capillary walls. Used ~May Cause altered coagulation
when plasma protein levels are low. Used
for shock, burns,
Albumin
What are two types of Colloids?
Hetastarch
only class of fluids that are able to carry Blood and blood products
oxygen
increase tissue oxygenation
increase plasma volume
most expensive and least available fluid
What are necessary for life and Fluid and electrolytes
homeostasis?
What is the easiest way to gain fluids? Eating and drinking
When a patient has fluid volume deficit hypovolemic
(FVD), what are they considered?
When a patient has fluid volume excess hypervolemic
(FVE), what are they considered?
If a patient has any type of sodium Neurologic
abnormality, what deficit will be
associated?
, If a patient has any type of change in their Cardiac
potassium, what type of changes will be
expect to see as well?
These type of medications are always Potassium
considered High Alert.
Metabolic Acidosis
Most commonly due to kidney injury (renal)
~Monitor potassium levels+
Most commonly due to vomiting and Metabolic Alkalosis
gastric suction ~Monitor for cardiac changes
Always due to respiratory problems with Respiratory Acidosis
inadequate excretion of CO2.
Examples include: COPD, asthma,
pneumonia, post op patients
Always due to hyperventilation Respiratory Alkalosis
pH = 7.35-7.45
What is a normal ABG? PaCO2 = 35-45
HCO3 = 22-26
Apply BP cuff for 5 minutes, spasms will manifest is
flexed wrist and abducted thumb
How do we check for Trousseau?
Tapping on facial nerve will cause twitching of
mouth on same side
How do we check for Chvostek Sign?
Troussea sign and Chvostek sign can be Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesia
seen in manifestations of what two
conditions?
A breath sound hear over the peripheral of Vesicular
the lung field.
A breath sound normally heard over the Bronchovesicular
hilar region in most resting animals and
should be quieter than the tracheal breath
sounds.
A breath sound normally heard over the Bronchial
trachea and larynx.
~Dyspnea
~Tachypnea
Common Symptoms when assessing
~Hypoxemia
respiration include:
~Orthopnea
~Stridor
Difficulty or labored breathing dyspnea
Cough: dry or productive
What are some things the nurse may assess
Sputum Production: Color, Consistency and/or odor
when a patient has respiratory problems?
Chest Pain: Sharp, stabbing, intermittent, may be dull and aching, or persistent
Abnormal rapid respirations Tachypnea
Does not contain proteins (Colloids). Crystalloids
Contains electrolytes that are normally ~May Cause Adema
found in the body. Treating dehydration,
acute liver failure, acute nephrosis, burns,
hypoproteinemia, dialysis, shock.
Normal Saline
What are two types of crystalloids?
Lactated Ringer
Large molecules/protien that cant be Colloids
diffused through capillary walls. Used ~May Cause altered coagulation
when plasma protein levels are low. Used
for shock, burns,
Albumin
What are two types of Colloids?
Hetastarch
only class of fluids that are able to carry Blood and blood products
oxygen
increase tissue oxygenation
increase plasma volume
most expensive and least available fluid
What are necessary for life and Fluid and electrolytes
homeostasis?
What is the easiest way to gain fluids? Eating and drinking
When a patient has fluid volume deficit hypovolemic
(FVD), what are they considered?
When a patient has fluid volume excess hypervolemic
(FVE), what are they considered?
If a patient has any type of sodium Neurologic
abnormality, what deficit will be
associated?
, If a patient has any type of change in their Cardiac
potassium, what type of changes will be
expect to see as well?
These type of medications are always Potassium
considered High Alert.
Metabolic Acidosis
Most commonly due to kidney injury (renal)
~Monitor potassium levels+
Most commonly due to vomiting and Metabolic Alkalosis
gastric suction ~Monitor for cardiac changes
Always due to respiratory problems with Respiratory Acidosis
inadequate excretion of CO2.
Examples include: COPD, asthma,
pneumonia, post op patients
Always due to hyperventilation Respiratory Alkalosis
pH = 7.35-7.45
What is a normal ABG? PaCO2 = 35-45
HCO3 = 22-26
Apply BP cuff for 5 minutes, spasms will manifest is
flexed wrist and abducted thumb
How do we check for Trousseau?
Tapping on facial nerve will cause twitching of
mouth on same side
How do we check for Chvostek Sign?
Troussea sign and Chvostek sign can be Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesia
seen in manifestations of what two
conditions?
A breath sound hear over the peripheral of Vesicular
the lung field.
A breath sound normally heard over the Bronchovesicular
hilar region in most resting animals and
should be quieter than the tracheal breath
sounds.
A breath sound normally heard over the Bronchial
trachea and larynx.
~Dyspnea
~Tachypnea
Common Symptoms when assessing
~Hypoxemia
respiration include:
~Orthopnea
~Stridor
Difficulty or labored breathing dyspnea
Cough: dry or productive
What are some things the nurse may assess
Sputum Production: Color, Consistency and/or odor
when a patient has respiratory problems?
Chest Pain: Sharp, stabbing, intermittent, may be dull and aching, or persistent
Abnormal rapid respirations Tachypnea
