NUR 256 EXAM 3 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
MED ADMIN
Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
9 rights of medication administration Right patient
Right documentation
Right reason
Right response
Right to Refuse
occurs when medication molecules pass into the blood from the site of medication
Absorption
administration
Therapeutic effect is the expected or predicted physiological response caused by a medication
that concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect
therapeutic range
without causing toxicity
A general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more
Adverse effects
drugs.
is a predictable and often unavoidable adverse effect produced at a usual
side effects
therapeutic dose
often develop after prolonged intake of a medication or when a medication
accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion. Excess
toxic effect
amounts of a medication within the body sometimes have lethal effects, depending
on its action
interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the
synergistic effect
medicines are taken alone
, in which a patient overreacts or underreacts to a medication or has a reaction
idiosyncratic reaction
different from normal
more medication is required to achieve the same therapeutic effect (occurs over
medication tolerance
time)
Onset of medication action Time it takes after you administer a medication for it to produce a therapeutic effect
Peak action Time it takes for a medication to reach its highest effective peak concentration
Minimum blood serum concentration of medication reached just before the next
Trough
scheduled dose
Length of time during which a medication is present in a concentration great enough
Duration of action
to produce a therapeutic effect
Plateau Blood serum concentration reached and maintained after repeated, fixed doses
-have a slower onset of action and more prolonged effects than parenteral
medication
-food sometimes effects the absorption of medications so you must determine
which medications are to be administered with or without food
oral medications -many medications interact with nutritional and herbal supplements, some interact
with food (grape fruit, milk, etc.) this information must be looked up in the drug book
prior to administration
-most tablets and capsules need to be swallowed with 60-240mL of fluid as long as
the patient isn't on fluid restrictions
-alterations in GI function (nausea, vomiting, reduced mobility)
-inability to swallow
when giving oral medications what you
- unconsciousness, confused, or unwillingness to swallow
contraindications should you assess for?
-gastric suction
-NPO prior to surgery or procedure
-assess the patients ability to swallow
how do you protect patients from
-aspiration occurs when food, fluid, or medication intended for GI administration
aspiration?
inadvertently enters the respiratory tract
-place the patient on a 90 degree angle and check for the presence of their gag
reflex (this checks for their ability to swallow and cough) after gag reflex is checked
offer water
how do you assess gag reflex
-if ability to swallow medications isn't present withhold medication and notify
provider
the pills need to be crushed or capsule opened but you need to check the drug
if patient cannot swallow meds whole what book first
do you do? -put 1 tsp of applesauce pr pudding into a plastic cup and place crushed or opened
meds into food (give each crushed medication separately)
never crush what kind of tablets or enteric coated
capsules?
do you need to watch patients take DO NOT leave medications at the bedside, you need to watch the patient take the
medications or can you leave medication medication prior to leaving the room
with the patients?
you can only split what kind of tablets with scored
pill cutter?
-place medication under tongue and allow to dissolve completely (do not allow to
swallow or chew)
how to give sublingual medications?
-avoid liquids until med is dissolved
-leads to more rapid onset of action
MED ADMIN
Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
9 rights of medication administration Right patient
Right documentation
Right reason
Right response
Right to Refuse
occurs when medication molecules pass into the blood from the site of medication
Absorption
administration
Therapeutic effect is the expected or predicted physiological response caused by a medication
that concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect
therapeutic range
without causing toxicity
A general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more
Adverse effects
drugs.
is a predictable and often unavoidable adverse effect produced at a usual
side effects
therapeutic dose
often develop after prolonged intake of a medication or when a medication
accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion. Excess
toxic effect
amounts of a medication within the body sometimes have lethal effects, depending
on its action
interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the
synergistic effect
medicines are taken alone
, in which a patient overreacts or underreacts to a medication or has a reaction
idiosyncratic reaction
different from normal
more medication is required to achieve the same therapeutic effect (occurs over
medication tolerance
time)
Onset of medication action Time it takes after you administer a medication for it to produce a therapeutic effect
Peak action Time it takes for a medication to reach its highest effective peak concentration
Minimum blood serum concentration of medication reached just before the next
Trough
scheduled dose
Length of time during which a medication is present in a concentration great enough
Duration of action
to produce a therapeutic effect
Plateau Blood serum concentration reached and maintained after repeated, fixed doses
-have a slower onset of action and more prolonged effects than parenteral
medication
-food sometimes effects the absorption of medications so you must determine
which medications are to be administered with or without food
oral medications -many medications interact with nutritional and herbal supplements, some interact
with food (grape fruit, milk, etc.) this information must be looked up in the drug book
prior to administration
-most tablets and capsules need to be swallowed with 60-240mL of fluid as long as
the patient isn't on fluid restrictions
-alterations in GI function (nausea, vomiting, reduced mobility)
-inability to swallow
when giving oral medications what you
- unconsciousness, confused, or unwillingness to swallow
contraindications should you assess for?
-gastric suction
-NPO prior to surgery or procedure
-assess the patients ability to swallow
how do you protect patients from
-aspiration occurs when food, fluid, or medication intended for GI administration
aspiration?
inadvertently enters the respiratory tract
-place the patient on a 90 degree angle and check for the presence of their gag
reflex (this checks for their ability to swallow and cough) after gag reflex is checked
offer water
how do you assess gag reflex
-if ability to swallow medications isn't present withhold medication and notify
provider
the pills need to be crushed or capsule opened but you need to check the drug
if patient cannot swallow meds whole what book first
do you do? -put 1 tsp of applesauce pr pudding into a plastic cup and place crushed or opened
meds into food (give each crushed medication separately)
never crush what kind of tablets or enteric coated
capsules?
do you need to watch patients take DO NOT leave medications at the bedside, you need to watch the patient take the
medications or can you leave medication medication prior to leaving the room
with the patients?
you can only split what kind of tablets with scored
pill cutter?
-place medication under tongue and allow to dissolve completely (do not allow to
swallow or chew)
how to give sublingual medications?
-avoid liquids until med is dissolved
-leads to more rapid onset of action
