TEST BANK
Pathophysiology: A Practical Approach: 4th Edition
by Lachel Story
TU
TO
R
G
U
R
U
,C) Increased enzyme synthesis
D) Apoptosis
24. The function of lysosomes is to:
A) break down particles or worn-out cellular components.
B) convert food materials into energy.
C) produce digestive enzymes and antibody proteins.
D) aid in cell division.
TU
25. A gene is one that produces an effect only in the homozygous state.
A) dominant
B) recessive
C) sex-linked
D) hemizygous
TO
26. A gene expresses itself in either the heterozygous or the homozygous
state.
A) dominant
B) recessive
C) sex-linked
D) hemizygous
R
27. Genes carried on sex chromosomes are called genes.
A) dominant
G
B) recessive
C) sex-linked
D) hemizygous
U
28. A common abnormality in females, syndrome results from an absence
of one X chromosome.
R
A) triple X
B) Turner’s
C) Klinefelter’s
D) Down
U
29. syndrome occurs in males when there is an extra X chromosome.
A) Triple X
B) Turner’s
,C) Klinefelter’s
D) XYY
30. A metastatic tumor is one that:
A) has spread to a location way from its site of origin.
B) shows slow expansion and well-differentiated cells.
C) cannot be classified easily.
D) invades deeply into the tissue where it arose.
TU
Answer Key
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. A
TO
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. B
11. A
R
12. B
13. C
14. A
G
15. B
16. D
17. D
18. D
U
19. C
20. B
21. A
R
22. D
23. B
24. A
U
25. B
26. A
27. C
28. B
29. C
30. A
, Rationales
1. Hypertrophy occurs in response to increased workload. Atrophy occurs in response to
decreased workload. Functional refers to normal cell function. Inflammation involves the
immune system and occurs in response to a stressor.
2. Coarctation is a common manifestation of Marfans syndrome. Small testicles, mental
impairment, and cleft palate are not associated with the condition.
TU
3. Phenylalanine is mainly found in protein and not in fat, sugar, and carbohydrates.
4. Vaccines prevent ever getting the disease or condition; therefore, they are considered
primary prevention.
5. Metaplasia is the replacement of one cell type with the other. A describes dysplasia. C
describes neoplasia. D does not describe metaplasia.
TO
6. These are the classic manifestations associated with Trisomy 21 and do not occur with the
other three conditions.
7. Patients with Monosomy X are genetically female and are treated with estrogen to
enhance female secondary sex characteristics. Testosterone would make the
manifestations worse. There is no basis for A and D.
R
8. Maintaining body temperature is a prominent homeostatic control mechanism. Fever
indicates the inability to control body temperature. Throat pain, joint stiffness, and
G
positive throat cultures are a result of pathogenesis.
9. PKU can lead to mental retardation without proper dietary management, but it is not
inevitable. PKU is not usually associated with other congenital anomalies, nor is it caused
U
by a diet high in tyromine.
10. Ischemia is injury that results from decreased tissue perfusion. Hypoxia refers to
decreased circulating oxygen. Hyperemia refers to redness often associated with pressure.
R
Neoplasm refers to cancerous changes.
11. Tay sachs is a result of deficient or absence of hexosaminidase A. It is not a chromosomal
U
disorder, nor is it a result of tyrosine conversion.
12. The individual is obese but otherwise healthy. She is having her blood pressure check.
Being screened for a disease when you are in a risk category is secondary prevention.
This promotes early detection and treatment.
13. All daughters are affected by father carries because males only have one X. If the disease
is an X-linked recessive disorder, then all males would be carries because they lack a
homozygous pair. Males always give their X to their female offspring, which would
Pathophysiology: A Practical Approach: 4th Edition
by Lachel Story
TU
TO
R
G
U
R
U
,C) Increased enzyme synthesis
D) Apoptosis
24. The function of lysosomes is to:
A) break down particles or worn-out cellular components.
B) convert food materials into energy.
C) produce digestive enzymes and antibody proteins.
D) aid in cell division.
TU
25. A gene is one that produces an effect only in the homozygous state.
A) dominant
B) recessive
C) sex-linked
D) hemizygous
TO
26. A gene expresses itself in either the heterozygous or the homozygous
state.
A) dominant
B) recessive
C) sex-linked
D) hemizygous
R
27. Genes carried on sex chromosomes are called genes.
A) dominant
G
B) recessive
C) sex-linked
D) hemizygous
U
28. A common abnormality in females, syndrome results from an absence
of one X chromosome.
R
A) triple X
B) Turner’s
C) Klinefelter’s
D) Down
U
29. syndrome occurs in males when there is an extra X chromosome.
A) Triple X
B) Turner’s
,C) Klinefelter’s
D) XYY
30. A metastatic tumor is one that:
A) has spread to a location way from its site of origin.
B) shows slow expansion and well-differentiated cells.
C) cannot be classified easily.
D) invades deeply into the tissue where it arose.
TU
Answer Key
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. A
TO
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. B
11. A
R
12. B
13. C
14. A
G
15. B
16. D
17. D
18. D
U
19. C
20. B
21. A
R
22. D
23. B
24. A
U
25. B
26. A
27. C
28. B
29. C
30. A
, Rationales
1. Hypertrophy occurs in response to increased workload. Atrophy occurs in response to
decreased workload. Functional refers to normal cell function. Inflammation involves the
immune system and occurs in response to a stressor.
2. Coarctation is a common manifestation of Marfans syndrome. Small testicles, mental
impairment, and cleft palate are not associated with the condition.
TU
3. Phenylalanine is mainly found in protein and not in fat, sugar, and carbohydrates.
4. Vaccines prevent ever getting the disease or condition; therefore, they are considered
primary prevention.
5. Metaplasia is the replacement of one cell type with the other. A describes dysplasia. C
describes neoplasia. D does not describe metaplasia.
TO
6. These are the classic manifestations associated with Trisomy 21 and do not occur with the
other three conditions.
7. Patients with Monosomy X are genetically female and are treated with estrogen to
enhance female secondary sex characteristics. Testosterone would make the
manifestations worse. There is no basis for A and D.
R
8. Maintaining body temperature is a prominent homeostatic control mechanism. Fever
indicates the inability to control body temperature. Throat pain, joint stiffness, and
G
positive throat cultures are a result of pathogenesis.
9. PKU can lead to mental retardation without proper dietary management, but it is not
inevitable. PKU is not usually associated with other congenital anomalies, nor is it caused
U
by a diet high in tyromine.
10. Ischemia is injury that results from decreased tissue perfusion. Hypoxia refers to
decreased circulating oxygen. Hyperemia refers to redness often associated with pressure.
R
Neoplasm refers to cancerous changes.
11. Tay sachs is a result of deficient or absence of hexosaminidase A. It is not a chromosomal
U
disorder, nor is it a result of tyrosine conversion.
12. The individual is obese but otherwise healthy. She is having her blood pressure check.
Being screened for a disease when you are in a risk category is secondary prevention.
This promotes early detection and treatment.
13. All daughters are affected by father carries because males only have one X. If the disease
is an X-linked recessive disorder, then all males would be carries because they lack a
homozygous pair. Males always give their X to their female offspring, which would
