Solutions & Study Resources | Latest 2026 Edition
Q 1
Which of the following statements best describe efficacy?
Q 2
A study is conducted for a pharmaceutical agent thats hassshown promise for reducing heart diseaseamon
g women. In order tosmore fully test thesagent, an additional study is donesrestricting the participants to b e
r&omized to those who have a history of hypertension. Which of the following advantages cannot be clai med
by the researchers?
The generalizability of thesstudy is increased
Q 3
What is the main advantage of the r&omization of the 168 study participants tosone of thestwo drugtreatment g
ups?
Q 4
After entry into the study, patient (client)s were first classified into three groups, those who had a previous
AMI, t hose with a first AMI who were at high risksfor other cardiovascular diseases such as
congestiveheartsfailu re, & those with a first AMI who were at low risk for other cardiovascular diseases.
Which term best describ es the study design?
Q 5
After assignment tostreatment group, 77% of those in the placebo group were men, while 80% ofthose in
the drug Xsgroup were men. Which statement is most likely to be true?
,• R&omization was successful since the investigators did not alter the selection of participants ineit
her group in order to ensure equal percentages of men
Q 6
Aspreliminary analysisswas conducted after 6 months & found that 87% of participants in thesplacebogrou
p & 85% of those in the drug X group had taken more than 90% of their prescribed dosages.
Which statement best describes this finding?
Q 7
Which of the following statements best describes the reason for conducting thes study as a double-
blind trial?
Q 8
A multicenter double-
blind r&omized study was carried out to compare the effectsof drug Xswith that of a placebo in patient
(client)s sur viving acutesmyocardial infarction (AMI). Treatmentswith the drug started 7 days after
infarction in 1,884 p atients, 52% of all persons who were evaluated for entry into thesstudy.945
participants were r&omized to treatment with drug X while 939 were assigned to thesplacebo group.
Patient (client)s were then followed for 12 m onths for reinfarction. There were 152 deaths in the
placebosgroup & 98 in the group receiving drug X.
Thesresearchers conclude that treatment with drug X reduces mortality in patient (client)s who haveshad
anAMI. The researchers are:
Q 9
Thesfollowing data come from a study of approaches to smoking cessation. Smokers who want to quitwer
esr&omized to one of four groups: control group C who received no intervention assistance, quitting guide
group Q who received brochures about how to quit smoking, quitting guide & supportsgroup QS who receiv
ed quitting brochures as well as social support brochures listing benefitssof smoking cessation, & telephon
essupport group T who received the brochuress& a monthly phone call from a counselor. Participants rece
ived mailed surveys at 8, 16, & 24 months after r&omization. The results after 2 years are in the tablesbelo
w. Which group had the least successsin terms of quitting smoking?
, Q 10
Thesfollowing data come from a study of approaches to smoking cessation. Smokers who want to quitwer
esr&omized to one of four groups: control group C who received no intervention assistance, quitting guide
group Q who received brochures about how to quit smoking, quitting guide & supportsgroup QS who receiv
ed quitting brochures as well as social support brochures listing benefitssof smoking cessation, & telephon
essupport group T who received the brochuress& a monthly phone call from a counselor. Participants rece
ived mailed surveys at 8, 16, & 24 months after r&omization. The results after 2 years are in the table belo
w. What issthe main purpose of r&omization in this study?
To avoid assigning more persons who have tried & failed to quitsin the past to the control group
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