Microbiology BIOL2460: Exam 2 Questions With Complete
Solutions
2 groups of flatworms Correct Answers cestodes (tapeworms)
trematodes (flukes)
3 main types of cytoskeleton Correct Answers actin filaments,
intermediate filaments, and microtubules
4 types of Archaea Correct Answers -methanogens
-extreme halophiles
-psychrophiles
-hyperthermophiles
A viral capsid functions to Correct Answers bind the virus to
the surface of a host cell
acid fast stain Correct Answers TB and leprosy
do not stain
bacteria-held fast/strong attachment
Acidic Polysaccharides Correct Answers ¤Teichoic acid
¤Lipoteiochoic acid
Function of acids:
-Cell wall maintenance
-Enlargement during cell division
-Acidic charge on cell surface
,Actin cytoskeleton*** Correct Answers long fibers of proteins
that encircle the cell just inside the cell membrane and
contribute to the shape of the cell
(in SOME bacteria)
Adsorption Correct Answers the virus attaches to its host cell
by specific binding of its spikes to cell receptors
Aerobic Correct Answers requires oxygen
ALL eukaryotic cells have Correct Answers -cytoplasmic
membrane
-nucleus
-mitochondria
-ER
-golgi apparatus
-vacuoles
-cytoskeleton
-glycocalyx
always multicellular Correct Answers Helminths (have
unicellular egg or larval forms)
always unicellular Correct Answers protozoa
Anaerobic Correct Answers without oxygen
animals used for animal cultivation Correct Answers -white
mice
-rats
-hamsters
,-guinea pigs
-rabbits
Antiviral medications Correct Answers target host cell
mechanism, severe side effects, not appropriate for children
Archaea cell wall Correct Answers distinct from bacteria and
eukaryotes
assembly Correct Answers Viral spike proteins are inserted into
the cell membrane for the viral envelope; nucleocapsid is
formed from RNA and capsomers
assembly phase Correct Answers assembly of capsids and
packaging of viral genomes into new virions (maturation)
Axial Filament Correct Answers -Two or more long coiled
threads found in spirochetes
-Internal flagellum enclosed between the cell wall and cell
membrane
-Impart a twisting or flexing motion to the cell
Bacillus anthracis Correct Answers Anthrax
Bacillus Correct Answers rod, vibrio (curved)
Bacterial Arrangement of Bacilli Correct Answers -Diplo=pairs
of( ends attached)
-Strep=chains of cells
-Palisades: cells of a chain remain partially attached and fold
back, creating side-by-side row of cells
, Bacterial Arrangements of Cocci Correct Answers -Diplo=pairs
-Tetra=four
-Staph: irregular clusters
-Strep: chains/hundreds
-Sarcina: cubical packet of 8, 16, or more cells
Bacterial chromosome or NUCLEOID** Correct Answers
composed of condensed DNA molecules. DNA directs all
genetics and heredity of the cell and codes for all proteins
Bacterial Colonies Correct Answers Communicate with
chemicals act differently than they would if they were "single"
bacterial microcompartments Correct Answers protein coated
packets used to localize enzymes and other proteins in the
cytoplasm
(in some bacteria)
Bacterial Shapes Correct Answers Coccus
Bacillus
Spirillum
Bacterial Size Correct Answers Considerable variety in size
average size 1 micron
bacterial species Correct Answers A collection of bacterial cells
which share an overall pattern of similar traits
Bacteriophage Correct Answers A virus that infects bacteria
Solutions
2 groups of flatworms Correct Answers cestodes (tapeworms)
trematodes (flukes)
3 main types of cytoskeleton Correct Answers actin filaments,
intermediate filaments, and microtubules
4 types of Archaea Correct Answers -methanogens
-extreme halophiles
-psychrophiles
-hyperthermophiles
A viral capsid functions to Correct Answers bind the virus to
the surface of a host cell
acid fast stain Correct Answers TB and leprosy
do not stain
bacteria-held fast/strong attachment
Acidic Polysaccharides Correct Answers ¤Teichoic acid
¤Lipoteiochoic acid
Function of acids:
-Cell wall maintenance
-Enlargement during cell division
-Acidic charge on cell surface
,Actin cytoskeleton*** Correct Answers long fibers of proteins
that encircle the cell just inside the cell membrane and
contribute to the shape of the cell
(in SOME bacteria)
Adsorption Correct Answers the virus attaches to its host cell
by specific binding of its spikes to cell receptors
Aerobic Correct Answers requires oxygen
ALL eukaryotic cells have Correct Answers -cytoplasmic
membrane
-nucleus
-mitochondria
-ER
-golgi apparatus
-vacuoles
-cytoskeleton
-glycocalyx
always multicellular Correct Answers Helminths (have
unicellular egg or larval forms)
always unicellular Correct Answers protozoa
Anaerobic Correct Answers without oxygen
animals used for animal cultivation Correct Answers -white
mice
-rats
-hamsters
,-guinea pigs
-rabbits
Antiviral medications Correct Answers target host cell
mechanism, severe side effects, not appropriate for children
Archaea cell wall Correct Answers distinct from bacteria and
eukaryotes
assembly Correct Answers Viral spike proteins are inserted into
the cell membrane for the viral envelope; nucleocapsid is
formed from RNA and capsomers
assembly phase Correct Answers assembly of capsids and
packaging of viral genomes into new virions (maturation)
Axial Filament Correct Answers -Two or more long coiled
threads found in spirochetes
-Internal flagellum enclosed between the cell wall and cell
membrane
-Impart a twisting or flexing motion to the cell
Bacillus anthracis Correct Answers Anthrax
Bacillus Correct Answers rod, vibrio (curved)
Bacterial Arrangement of Bacilli Correct Answers -Diplo=pairs
of( ends attached)
-Strep=chains of cells
-Palisades: cells of a chain remain partially attached and fold
back, creating side-by-side row of cells
, Bacterial Arrangements of Cocci Correct Answers -Diplo=pairs
-Tetra=four
-Staph: irregular clusters
-Strep: chains/hundreds
-Sarcina: cubical packet of 8, 16, or more cells
Bacterial chromosome or NUCLEOID** Correct Answers
composed of condensed DNA molecules. DNA directs all
genetics and heredity of the cell and codes for all proteins
Bacterial Colonies Correct Answers Communicate with
chemicals act differently than they would if they were "single"
bacterial microcompartments Correct Answers protein coated
packets used to localize enzymes and other proteins in the
cytoplasm
(in some bacteria)
Bacterial Shapes Correct Answers Coccus
Bacillus
Spirillum
Bacterial Size Correct Answers Considerable variety in size
average size 1 micron
bacterial species Correct Answers A collection of bacterial cells
which share an overall pattern of similar traits
Bacteriophage Correct Answers A virus that infects bacteria
