HIST 1020 Campbell- Exam 1
Questions and Answers.
Tabula Rogeriana - Answer Mediterranean world map from 12th century CE- upside down
BCE/CE - Answer Before Common Era/Common Era
History v. the past - Answer History is our scientific and humanistic attempt to record, analyze,
and make sense of the past. It changes all the time.
The past does not change. What happened, and why, are what they are.
Primary sources - Answer Historical documents (official records, diaries, letters, memoirs,
newspapers), artifacts, recordings- any observable item from the time period under study
Secondary sources - Answer Analysis, synthesis, or argument collected and presented by a
historian, based on primary sources, usually as a monograph (book) or journal article
Tertiary sources - Answer Generally large works like textbooks or grand histories of a war or
other phenomenon, based on a synthesis of secondary sources
Political history - Answer People that had their hands on the levers of power → famous. "Top
down"
Social history - Answer Trying to find out about how everyday people lived. "Bottom up"
Reductionism - Answer Oversimplified, stark or simple conclusion
Aggregation - Answer Stereotyping, gathering together and piling up
"Received wisdom" - Answer Religion, folklore, customs, ideological and political movements.
About how you should live or be, came from humans, cultural
Epistemology - Answer The study of knowledge, or how we know what we know
, Translaton - Answer Fraught with challenges. It is not a simple word for word plug in code
Transliteration - Answer The attempt to display words from one language in a different
alphabet/character system. This can indicate cultural bias, so more recent efforts have
approximated the pronunciation in the native language
Transcription - Answer For most of human history information was passed down orally, and
the for thousands of years language was inscribed or written by hand
Monolith - Answer Being made of the one same ting
Causality - Answer What mixture of events, actions, decisions caused a certain result? And
what events, actions, and decisions resulted from that result? You can often see a "chain of
causality." It's rarely a simple answer or a single answer
Chronology - Answer Matters to causality but it does not define it
Correlation - Answer Does not (necessarily) equal causation ("post hoc ergo propter hoc") just
because"B" follows "A" does not automatically mean "A" caused "B". Sometimes obvious,
sometimes not
Context - Answer History should always be viewed through the lens of the time, place, and
culture within which events occurred, and sometimes that can include contextual factors in
individual lives and group dynamics
Presentism - Answer Judging people by cultural values of the here and now
Complexity - Answer Essentially, nothing in history is uniform (meaning not every element
within the event is the same and falls under the same explanations)
Change/continuity - Answer What changed over time? What stayed the same Why? This is
more about something historians take note of when studying a period of time
Contingency - Answer Refers to the idea essentially, nothing was/is inevitable, teleological or
Questions and Answers.
Tabula Rogeriana - Answer Mediterranean world map from 12th century CE- upside down
BCE/CE - Answer Before Common Era/Common Era
History v. the past - Answer History is our scientific and humanistic attempt to record, analyze,
and make sense of the past. It changes all the time.
The past does not change. What happened, and why, are what they are.
Primary sources - Answer Historical documents (official records, diaries, letters, memoirs,
newspapers), artifacts, recordings- any observable item from the time period under study
Secondary sources - Answer Analysis, synthesis, or argument collected and presented by a
historian, based on primary sources, usually as a monograph (book) or journal article
Tertiary sources - Answer Generally large works like textbooks or grand histories of a war or
other phenomenon, based on a synthesis of secondary sources
Political history - Answer People that had their hands on the levers of power → famous. "Top
down"
Social history - Answer Trying to find out about how everyday people lived. "Bottom up"
Reductionism - Answer Oversimplified, stark or simple conclusion
Aggregation - Answer Stereotyping, gathering together and piling up
"Received wisdom" - Answer Religion, folklore, customs, ideological and political movements.
About how you should live or be, came from humans, cultural
Epistemology - Answer The study of knowledge, or how we know what we know
, Translaton - Answer Fraught with challenges. It is not a simple word for word plug in code
Transliteration - Answer The attempt to display words from one language in a different
alphabet/character system. This can indicate cultural bias, so more recent efforts have
approximated the pronunciation in the native language
Transcription - Answer For most of human history information was passed down orally, and
the for thousands of years language was inscribed or written by hand
Monolith - Answer Being made of the one same ting
Causality - Answer What mixture of events, actions, decisions caused a certain result? And
what events, actions, and decisions resulted from that result? You can often see a "chain of
causality." It's rarely a simple answer or a single answer
Chronology - Answer Matters to causality but it does not define it
Correlation - Answer Does not (necessarily) equal causation ("post hoc ergo propter hoc") just
because"B" follows "A" does not automatically mean "A" caused "B". Sometimes obvious,
sometimes not
Context - Answer History should always be viewed through the lens of the time, place, and
culture within which events occurred, and sometimes that can include contextual factors in
individual lives and group dynamics
Presentism - Answer Judging people by cultural values of the here and now
Complexity - Answer Essentially, nothing in history is uniform (meaning not every element
within the event is the same and falls under the same explanations)
Change/continuity - Answer What changed over time? What stayed the same Why? This is
more about something historians take note of when studying a period of time
Contingency - Answer Refers to the idea essentially, nothing was/is inevitable, teleological or
