NUR 6210 Exam 1 OB Study Guide
1. How many weeks embryo
The embryo is considered to be from end of implantation, which is
around the end of week 2 up until week 8, so technically 6 weeks
total
2. What stage is a fetus
The baby is considered a fetus at the beginning of week 9 until birth
3. Goodell sign
this by Definition: Softening of the cervix due to increased vascularity,
edema, and hypertrophy of cervical glands during early pregnancy.
Timing: Usually appears around 6–8 weeks of gestation.
Clinical significance: Considered a probable sign of pregnancy it is found on
pelvic exam
4. Friability
which is by Definition: The cervix becomes easily irritated and prone to
bleeding when touched for example during a Pap smear or intercourse
Cause: Increased vascularity and hormonal changes in pregnancy.
Clinical significance:
Common in pregnancy.
,Also seen in infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, or trichomoniasis, so
context matters.
5. EDD – estimated date of delivery calculation LMNP & Naegle’s
rule
the Estimated Due Date (EDD) is usually calculated using the first day of the
Last Menstrual Period (LMP) and Naegele’s Rule.
Naegele’s Rule
Take the first day of the LMP which is Last menstrual period
First, Add 1 year
Second, Subtract 3 months
Third, Add 7 days
Here is an Example
LMP = June 10, 2025
Add 1 year = June 10, 2026
Subtract the 3 months = March 10, 2026
Then add 7 days to it = March 17, 2026
This will be the EDD based off Naegele’s rule = March 17, 2026
,Additionally, Ultrasound study can be done if the LNMP is not known
but is less accurate as pregnancy progresses due to genetic and
environmental influences such as family height etc.
6. Know stages of pregnancy (slide 17)
The stages of pregnancy are,
Fertilization to Ovum this Is called a zygote
Up to 2 weeks postconception – blastocyst
After blastocyst implantation, which is around the end of week 2 all
the way to week 8 is called an Embryo
Then from beginning of week 9 to birth is Fetus
7. Know Frequency of pregnancy visit
From up to 28 weeks , will have visits every 4 weeks
From week 28 to week 36, will have a visit every 2 weeks
If greater than 36 week, will have a visit every week
8. Spina bifida first trimester of pregnancy , folic acid ,first 12
weeks
9. Labs and screening for Pregnancy can not give MMR when
pregnant and a TSH
10. If mother RH negative, and baby RH positive, give
Rhogam
11. Know what quad screen test, and that it is serum test. If
negative no more testing is required.
Quad screen also known as quadruple screen is a maternal blood test
performed during pregnancy to assess the risk of certain fetal
abnormalities.
Timing
16–20 weeks gestation most commonly 16–18 weeks
, What It Measures
1. Alpha-fetoprotein known as AFP which is a protein made by the fetal
liver
2. Human chorionic gonadotropin hCG which is a hormone produced by
the placenta
3. Estriol known as uE3 which is estrogen produced by fetus and
placenta
And 4. Inhibin-A – hormone produced by placenta
Purpose / Screening For
Neural tube defects such as spina bifida from AFP
Trisomy 21 which is Down syndrome
Trisomy 18 which is Edwards syndrome
Interpretation of the quad screen
High or low levels can indicate increased risk, it is not a definitive
diagnosis
1. How many weeks embryo
The embryo is considered to be from end of implantation, which is
around the end of week 2 up until week 8, so technically 6 weeks
total
2. What stage is a fetus
The baby is considered a fetus at the beginning of week 9 until birth
3. Goodell sign
this by Definition: Softening of the cervix due to increased vascularity,
edema, and hypertrophy of cervical glands during early pregnancy.
Timing: Usually appears around 6–8 weeks of gestation.
Clinical significance: Considered a probable sign of pregnancy it is found on
pelvic exam
4. Friability
which is by Definition: The cervix becomes easily irritated and prone to
bleeding when touched for example during a Pap smear or intercourse
Cause: Increased vascularity and hormonal changes in pregnancy.
Clinical significance:
Common in pregnancy.
,Also seen in infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, or trichomoniasis, so
context matters.
5. EDD – estimated date of delivery calculation LMNP & Naegle’s
rule
the Estimated Due Date (EDD) is usually calculated using the first day of the
Last Menstrual Period (LMP) and Naegele’s Rule.
Naegele’s Rule
Take the first day of the LMP which is Last menstrual period
First, Add 1 year
Second, Subtract 3 months
Third, Add 7 days
Here is an Example
LMP = June 10, 2025
Add 1 year = June 10, 2026
Subtract the 3 months = March 10, 2026
Then add 7 days to it = March 17, 2026
This will be the EDD based off Naegele’s rule = March 17, 2026
,Additionally, Ultrasound study can be done if the LNMP is not known
but is less accurate as pregnancy progresses due to genetic and
environmental influences such as family height etc.
6. Know stages of pregnancy (slide 17)
The stages of pregnancy are,
Fertilization to Ovum this Is called a zygote
Up to 2 weeks postconception – blastocyst
After blastocyst implantation, which is around the end of week 2 all
the way to week 8 is called an Embryo
Then from beginning of week 9 to birth is Fetus
7. Know Frequency of pregnancy visit
From up to 28 weeks , will have visits every 4 weeks
From week 28 to week 36, will have a visit every 2 weeks
If greater than 36 week, will have a visit every week
8. Spina bifida first trimester of pregnancy , folic acid ,first 12
weeks
9. Labs and screening for Pregnancy can not give MMR when
pregnant and a TSH
10. If mother RH negative, and baby RH positive, give
Rhogam
11. Know what quad screen test, and that it is serum test. If
negative no more testing is required.
Quad screen also known as quadruple screen is a maternal blood test
performed during pregnancy to assess the risk of certain fetal
abnormalities.
Timing
16–20 weeks gestation most commonly 16–18 weeks
, What It Measures
1. Alpha-fetoprotein known as AFP which is a protein made by the fetal
liver
2. Human chorionic gonadotropin hCG which is a hormone produced by
the placenta
3. Estriol known as uE3 which is estrogen produced by fetus and
placenta
And 4. Inhibin-A – hormone produced by placenta
Purpose / Screening For
Neural tube defects such as spina bifida from AFP
Trisomy 21 which is Down syndrome
Trisomy 18 which is Edwards syndrome
Interpretation of the quad screen
High or low levels can indicate increased risk, it is not a definitive
diagnosis
