MEDICAL SURGERY NURSING , LATEST EDITION
2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED 100%
Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When developing a health teaching plan for a 65-year-old patient with all these risk
factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse will focus on the
a. family history of heart disease.
b. increased risk associated with the patient’s ethnicity.
c. high incidence of cardiovascular disease in older people.
d. low activity level the patient reports.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because family history, ethnicity, and age are nonmodifiable risk factors, the nurse
should focus on the patient’s activity level. An increase in activity will help reduce the patient’s
risk for developing CAD.
2. To assist the patient with CAD to make the appropriate dietary changes, which of these
nursing interventions will be most effective?
a. Assist the patient to modify favorite high-fat recipes by using monosaturated
oils when possible.
b. Provide the patient with a list of low-sodium, low-cholesterol foods that should be
included in the diet.
c. Instruct the patient that a diet containing no saturated fat and minimal sodium will
be necessary.
d. Emphasize the increased risk for cardiac problems unless the patient makes the
dietary changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifestyle changes are more likely to be successful when consideration is given to
patient’s preferences. The highest percentage of calories from fat should come from
monosaturated fats. Although low-sodium and low-cholesterol foods are appropriate, providing
the patient with a list alone is not likely to be successful in making dietary changes. Removing
saturated fat from the diet completely is not a realistic expectation; up to 7% of calories in the
therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet can come from saturated fat. Telling the patient about
, the increased risk without assisting further with strategies for dietary change is unlikely to be
successful.
3. The nurse is admitting a patient who is complaining of chest pain to the emergency
department (ED). Which information collected by the nurse suggests that the pain is
caused by an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
a. The pain worsens when the patient raises the arms.
b. The pain increases with deep breathing.
c. The pain is relieved after the patient takes nitroglycerin.
d. The pain has persisted longer than 30 minutes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest pain that lasts for 20 minutes or more is characteristic of AMI. Changes in pain
that occur with raising the arms or with deep breathing are more typical of pericarditis or
musculoskeletal pain. Stable angina is usually relieved when the patient takes nitroglycerin.
4. A patient is admitted to the ED after an episode of severe chest pain, and the physician
schedules the patient for coronary angiography and possible percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI). The nurse prepares the patient for the procedure by explaining that
it is used to
a. determine whether there are any structural defects in the chambers of the heart.
b. locate any coronary artery obstructions and administer thrombolytic agents.
c. measure the amount of blood being pumped from the heart with each contraction.
d. visualize any coronary artery blockages and dilate any obstructed arteries.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Visualization of the coronary arteries and possible balloon dilation are scheduled for
this patient. Thrombolytic therapy is an alternative treatment if the patient is experiencing acute
coronary syndrome (ACS) but is not the ordered therapy for this patient. Although angiography
might help to detect structural defects or changes in cardiac output, it is not the reason for the
procedure in this patient with symptoms of CAD.
5. Which information given by a patient admitted with chronic stable angina will help the
nurse confirm this diagnosis?
a. The patient rates the pain at a level 3 to 5 (0–10 scale).
b. The patient states that the pain “wakes me up at night.”
c. The patient indicates that the pain is resolved after taking one sublingual
nitroglycerin tablet.
d. The patient says that the frequency of the pain has increased over the last few
weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic stable angina is typically relieved by rest or nitroglycerin administration.
The level of pain is not a consistent indicator of the type of angina. Pain occurring at rest or with
increased frequency is typical of unstable angina.
2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED 100%
Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. When developing a health teaching plan for a 65-year-old patient with all these risk
factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse will focus on the
a. family history of heart disease.
b. increased risk associated with the patient’s ethnicity.
c. high incidence of cardiovascular disease in older people.
d. low activity level the patient reports.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because family history, ethnicity, and age are nonmodifiable risk factors, the nurse
should focus on the patient’s activity level. An increase in activity will help reduce the patient’s
risk for developing CAD.
2. To assist the patient with CAD to make the appropriate dietary changes, which of these
nursing interventions will be most effective?
a. Assist the patient to modify favorite high-fat recipes by using monosaturated
oils when possible.
b. Provide the patient with a list of low-sodium, low-cholesterol foods that should be
included in the diet.
c. Instruct the patient that a diet containing no saturated fat and minimal sodium will
be necessary.
d. Emphasize the increased risk for cardiac problems unless the patient makes the
dietary changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifestyle changes are more likely to be successful when consideration is given to
patient’s preferences. The highest percentage of calories from fat should come from
monosaturated fats. Although low-sodium and low-cholesterol foods are appropriate, providing
the patient with a list alone is not likely to be successful in making dietary changes. Removing
saturated fat from the diet completely is not a realistic expectation; up to 7% of calories in the
therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet can come from saturated fat. Telling the patient about
, the increased risk without assisting further with strategies for dietary change is unlikely to be
successful.
3. The nurse is admitting a patient who is complaining of chest pain to the emergency
department (ED). Which information collected by the nurse suggests that the pain is
caused by an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
a. The pain worsens when the patient raises the arms.
b. The pain increases with deep breathing.
c. The pain is relieved after the patient takes nitroglycerin.
d. The pain has persisted longer than 30 minutes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest pain that lasts for 20 minutes or more is characteristic of AMI. Changes in pain
that occur with raising the arms or with deep breathing are more typical of pericarditis or
musculoskeletal pain. Stable angina is usually relieved when the patient takes nitroglycerin.
4. A patient is admitted to the ED after an episode of severe chest pain, and the physician
schedules the patient for coronary angiography and possible percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI). The nurse prepares the patient for the procedure by explaining that
it is used to
a. determine whether there are any structural defects in the chambers of the heart.
b. locate any coronary artery obstructions and administer thrombolytic agents.
c. measure the amount of blood being pumped from the heart with each contraction.
d. visualize any coronary artery blockages and dilate any obstructed arteries.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Visualization of the coronary arteries and possible balloon dilation are scheduled for
this patient. Thrombolytic therapy is an alternative treatment if the patient is experiencing acute
coronary syndrome (ACS) but is not the ordered therapy for this patient. Although angiography
might help to detect structural defects or changes in cardiac output, it is not the reason for the
procedure in this patient with symptoms of CAD.
5. Which information given by a patient admitted with chronic stable angina will help the
nurse confirm this diagnosis?
a. The patient rates the pain at a level 3 to 5 (0–10 scale).
b. The patient states that the pain “wakes me up at night.”
c. The patient indicates that the pain is resolved after taking one sublingual
nitroglycerin tablet.
d. The patient says that the frequency of the pain has increased over the last few
weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic stable angina is typically relieved by rest or nitroglycerin administration.
The level of pain is not a consistent indicator of the type of angina. Pain occurring at rest or with
increased frequency is typical of unstable angina.
