Exam Practice Questions And Correct
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Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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1. Which microorganism is primarily responsible for fermenting sugars
into alcohol in distilling?
A. Escherichia coli
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C. Lactobacillus
D. Clostridium
Rationale: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast species most commonly
used in alcoholic fermentation due to its high ethanol tolerance and
predictable fermentation characteristics.
, 2. What is the primary purpose of mashing in the distillation process?
A. To separate ethanol from water
B. To convert starches into fermentable sugars
C. To filter impurities from the wash
D. To increase alcohol concentration
Rationale: Mashing involves enzymatic conversion of starches in grains into
fermentable sugars, which are necessary for yeast to produce alcohol.
3. The distillation process separates components primarily based on:
A. Color
B. Density
C. Boiling point
D. Solubility
Rationale: Distillation relies on differences in boiling points to separate
ethanol from water and other components in the mash.
4. Which type of still is traditionally used for batch distillation in whiskey
production?
A. Continuous column still
B. Pot still
C. Fractional still
D. Alembic still
Rationale: Pot stills are used in batch distillation, producing spirits with more
congeners and flavor complexity.
, 5. What is a congeners’ role in distilled spirits?
A. They neutralize ethanol
B. They increase alcohol content
C. They contribute to flavor and aroma
D. They act as preservatives
Rationale: Congeners are minor chemical compounds in spirits that affect
taste, aroma, and overall character.
6. During fermentation, what byproduct is most commonly produced
alongside ethanol?
A. Hydrogen peroxide
B. Acetic acid
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Methanol
Rationale: Fermentation of sugars by yeast produces ethanol and carbon
dioxide as primary products.
7. Which factor does NOT significantly affect yeast fermentation
efficiency?
A. Temperature
B. pH
C. Bottle color
D. Sugar concentration
, Rationale: Yeast efficiency is influenced by environmental conditions like
temperature, pH, and available sugar, but not by the color of the container.
8. What is the safe maximum ethanol concentration that typical
Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast can tolerate in fermentation?
A. 2–4%
B. 5–7%
C. 8–10%
D. 12–18%
Rationale: Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains generally tolerate ethanol
concentrations up to 12–18%, beyond which fermentation slows or stops.
9. Which type of water is preferred for distillation to avoid flavor issues?
A. Hard water
B. Tap water
C. Soft, filtered water
D. Saline water
Rationale: Soft, filtered water minimizes off-flavors and protects equipment
from scale build-up.
10. What is the main purpose of the “cutting” process during
distillation?
A. To add water
B. To blend spirits