Working with Arrays

The provided C++ code snippet demonstrates basic operations on a doubly linked list using the Standard Template Library (STL). Here’s a breakdown of its key components: 1. **Include Necessary Headers**: The code includes the `<iostream>` header for input/output operations and the `<list>` header for using the `list` container. 2. **Main Function**: The program starts execution from the `main()` function. 3. **Creating a List**: A list named `numbers` is initialized with 5 elements, all set to 0. This is done using `list<int> numbers(5, 0);`. 4. **Iterator Declaration**: An iterator of type `int` is declared (`list<int>::iterator it`) to traverse through the list elements. 5. **User Input Loop**: A `for` loop iterates over the list, prompting the user to enter a number. Each input replaces the corresponding element in the list. 6. **Front and Back Values**: The program outputs the first and last elements of the list using `()` and `()`. 7. **Display All Elements**: Another loop iterates through the list, printing each element followed by a tab space. 8. **List Size**: The size of the list is displayed with `()`. 9. **Removing Elements**: The first and last elements are removed from the list using `pop_front()` and `pop_back()`. 10. **Final List Size**: Finally, the updated size of the list is printed after the removal of the elements. Overall, this code effectively demonstrates how to manipulate a list in C++, including adding values, displaying contents, and removing elements.