NURS 641 CORE EXAM MANUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Prodrugs - ✔✔A biologically inactive compound that can be metabolized in the body
to produce a drug
✔✔CYP3A4 - ✔✔Found in mucosa, accounting for first pass metabolism of drugs such
as chlorpromazinem, and clonazepam
✔✔IV 10% calcium gluconate
Oral Calcium replacements
Decrease phosphate intake - ✔✔Treatment of hypocalcemia (Less than 8.5)
✔✔Oral Phosphate when kidney fx is normal
IV NS to enhance renal secretion
Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin
Corticosteroids and the cytotoxic drug mithramycin - ✔✔Treatment of hypercalcemia
(greater than 10)
✔✔Calcitonin - ✔✔Produced by the thyroid gland and decreases the blood calcium
levels by stimulating calcium deposit in the bones. The antagonist of the parathyroid
hormone.
✔✔PTH (parathyroid hormone) - ✔✔Secreted by the Parathyroid Gland in response to a
declining blood calcium ion concentration (known as hypocalcemia) - PTH increases
calcium ion level in the blood by increasing release of calcium ions from bones by
stimulating osteoclasts.
✔✔atrial natriuretic peptide - ✔✔Involved in decreasing tubular resorption and
promoting urinary excretion of sodium to lower blood pressure and control electrolytes
homeostasis
✔✔Aldosterone - ✔✔A mineralcortocoid produced by the adrenal cortex (end product of
renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system) that promotes sodium and water reabsorption
by the kidneys and potassium excretion in urine.
✔✔Zona Glomerulosa - ✔✔Aldosterone is secreted by?
✔✔Adrenal Glands - ✔✔Paired pyramid shaped organs located behind peritoneum that
is stimulated by the anterior pituitary hormone ACTH secretes steroid hormone
✔✔Acidosis - ✔✔pH less than 7.35
, ✔✔Alkalosis - ✔✔pH above 7.45
✔✔B cells - ✔✔a lymphocyte not processed by the thymus gland, and responsible for
producing antibodies.
✔✔T cells - ✔✔a lymphocyte of a type produced or processed by the thymus gland and
actively participating in the immune response.
✔✔B cells - ✔✔Which cell can connect to intact antigens right on the surface of the
invading virus or bacteria
✔✔Compensatory Hyperplasia - ✔✔Adaptive mechanism that enables certain organs to
regenerate
✔✔Angiotensin II - ✔✔increases blood pressure by stimulating kidneys to reabsorb
more water and by releasing aldosterone
✔✔Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) - ✔✔Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
in the lungs
✔✔Intravenous
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
Sublingual
Rectal
Vaginal
Ocular
Otic
Nasal - ✔✔Methods of drug administration
✔✔135-145 - ✔✔Normal sodium level
✔✔3.5-5 - ✔✔Normal potassium level
✔✔4.5-5.5 - ✔✔Normal Ionized calcium
✔✔8.5-10 - ✔✔Normal calcium level
✔✔24-30 - ✔✔Normal Bicarb (HCO3)
✔✔95-105 - ✔✔Normal Chloride level
✔✔1.5-2.5 - ✔✔Normal Magnesium level
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Prodrugs - ✔✔A biologically inactive compound that can be metabolized in the body
to produce a drug
✔✔CYP3A4 - ✔✔Found in mucosa, accounting for first pass metabolism of drugs such
as chlorpromazinem, and clonazepam
✔✔IV 10% calcium gluconate
Oral Calcium replacements
Decrease phosphate intake - ✔✔Treatment of hypocalcemia (Less than 8.5)
✔✔Oral Phosphate when kidney fx is normal
IV NS to enhance renal secretion
Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin
Corticosteroids and the cytotoxic drug mithramycin - ✔✔Treatment of hypercalcemia
(greater than 10)
✔✔Calcitonin - ✔✔Produced by the thyroid gland and decreases the blood calcium
levels by stimulating calcium deposit in the bones. The antagonist of the parathyroid
hormone.
✔✔PTH (parathyroid hormone) - ✔✔Secreted by the Parathyroid Gland in response to a
declining blood calcium ion concentration (known as hypocalcemia) - PTH increases
calcium ion level in the blood by increasing release of calcium ions from bones by
stimulating osteoclasts.
✔✔atrial natriuretic peptide - ✔✔Involved in decreasing tubular resorption and
promoting urinary excretion of sodium to lower blood pressure and control electrolytes
homeostasis
✔✔Aldosterone - ✔✔A mineralcortocoid produced by the adrenal cortex (end product of
renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system) that promotes sodium and water reabsorption
by the kidneys and potassium excretion in urine.
✔✔Zona Glomerulosa - ✔✔Aldosterone is secreted by?
✔✔Adrenal Glands - ✔✔Paired pyramid shaped organs located behind peritoneum that
is stimulated by the anterior pituitary hormone ACTH secretes steroid hormone
✔✔Acidosis - ✔✔pH less than 7.35
, ✔✔Alkalosis - ✔✔pH above 7.45
✔✔B cells - ✔✔a lymphocyte not processed by the thymus gland, and responsible for
producing antibodies.
✔✔T cells - ✔✔a lymphocyte of a type produced or processed by the thymus gland and
actively participating in the immune response.
✔✔B cells - ✔✔Which cell can connect to intact antigens right on the surface of the
invading virus or bacteria
✔✔Compensatory Hyperplasia - ✔✔Adaptive mechanism that enables certain organs to
regenerate
✔✔Angiotensin II - ✔✔increases blood pressure by stimulating kidneys to reabsorb
more water and by releasing aldosterone
✔✔Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) - ✔✔Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
in the lungs
✔✔Intravenous
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
Sublingual
Rectal
Vaginal
Ocular
Otic
Nasal - ✔✔Methods of drug administration
✔✔135-145 - ✔✔Normal sodium level
✔✔3.5-5 - ✔✔Normal potassium level
✔✔4.5-5.5 - ✔✔Normal Ionized calcium
✔✔8.5-10 - ✔✔Normal calcium level
✔✔24-30 - ✔✔Normal Bicarb (HCO3)
✔✔95-105 - ✔✔Normal Chloride level
✔✔1.5-2.5 - ✔✔Normal Magnesium level
