GTC MICROBIOLOGY FINAL PAPER UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Are there normally microorganisms in the respiratory tract? - ✔✔yes upper
respiratory only
✔✔Name 3 virulence factors for Streptococcus pyogenes. - ✔✔M protein,
hyaluronidase, streptokinase, C5 peptidase
✔✔Name a type III hypersensititvity that can develop after strep infection -
✔✔glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever (auto reactive T-cells)
✔✔Name the exotoxin made that turns the skin red - ✔✔erythrogenic toxin - causes
scarlet fever
✔✔Name the type of hemolysis caused by Streptococcus pyogens - ✔✔beta-hemolysis
complete lysis of RBC
✔✔What type of microorganism causes acute epiglottitis - ✔✔Haemophilus influenza
✔✔Name 3 common bacteria that can cause sinusitis and bronchitis - ✔✔Streptococcus
pneumnoia, Hemophilis influenza, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes
✔✔name the causative agent for diptheria - ✔✔Corynebacterium diphtheriae
✔✔What is a pseudomembrane - ✔✔False membrane made of dead epithelial cell and
clotted blood. It may obstruct air passageways. Grows again after scraping off (bloody)
✔✔Which exotoxin is made by these bacteria? - ✔✔diptheria toxin
✔✔Which organs does it affect? - ✔✔heart and nerves
✔✔Can this disesase be treated well with antibiotics? - ✔✔its treated with an antitoxin,
also penicillin& erythromycin to stop bacterial growth
✔✔How are children vaccinated against diphtheria? - ✔✔immunized with a toxoid
✔✔How is diphtheria treated? - ✔✔patients are given antitoxin and penicillin &
erythromycin
✔✔Name two tyes of viruses that cause the common cold. - ✔✔Rhinovirus,
Coronavirus, Adenovirus
✔✔How many types of rhinoviruses are there? - ✔✔over 100
, ✔✔Name the causative agent for whooping cough - ✔✔Bordatella pertussis
✔✔Name the three phases of disease - ✔✔a. catarrhal stage: long prodromal phase
b. paroxysmal stage: cilia immobilized due to exotoxin-uncontrollable cough with
difficulty breathin. May last 6 weeks
c. convalescent stage
✔✔Which exotoxin is made and what does it do? - ✔✔tracheal cytotoxin; causes
coughing attacks
✔✔What causes the coughing attacks? - ✔✔the cilia are immobilized due to the
exotoxin and uncontrollabel coughs ensue
✔✔How are children vaccinated against this disease? - ✔✔DTaP
✔✔Should antibiotics be given? If so, when - ✔✔erythromycin can be effective early on
✔✔Name the causative agent for classic lobar pneumonia: - ✔✔Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Staphylococcus aureus
Hemophilus infuenzae
✔✔Does this agent display alpha or beta hemolysis? - ✔✔Alpha hemolysis
✔✔How can this type of pneumonia be treated? - ✔✔penicillin
✔✔Is there a vaccination? - ✔✔yes- pneumovax which is a combination for 23 capsule
antigen to cover most 85 serotypes
✔✔Who is at risk? - ✔✔immunocompromised
✔✔Name a causative agent of hemorrhagic pneumonia: - ✔✔Klebsiella pneumonia
✔✔How high is the mortatilty? - ✔✔High due to chronic ulceration & destruction of
alveoli
✔✔What is the casative agent of "walking pneumonia?" - ✔✔Mycoplasma pneumoniae-
leading type in children
chlamydophila pneumoniae-may be many unreported cases
✔✔How is it treated? - ✔✔erythromycin
✔✔Where are Legionella bacteria frequently found? - ✔✔humidifiers, AC
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Are there normally microorganisms in the respiratory tract? - ✔✔yes upper
respiratory only
✔✔Name 3 virulence factors for Streptococcus pyogenes. - ✔✔M protein,
hyaluronidase, streptokinase, C5 peptidase
✔✔Name a type III hypersensititvity that can develop after strep infection -
✔✔glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever (auto reactive T-cells)
✔✔Name the exotoxin made that turns the skin red - ✔✔erythrogenic toxin - causes
scarlet fever
✔✔Name the type of hemolysis caused by Streptococcus pyogens - ✔✔beta-hemolysis
complete lysis of RBC
✔✔What type of microorganism causes acute epiglottitis - ✔✔Haemophilus influenza
✔✔Name 3 common bacteria that can cause sinusitis and bronchitis - ✔✔Streptococcus
pneumnoia, Hemophilis influenza, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes
✔✔name the causative agent for diptheria - ✔✔Corynebacterium diphtheriae
✔✔What is a pseudomembrane - ✔✔False membrane made of dead epithelial cell and
clotted blood. It may obstruct air passageways. Grows again after scraping off (bloody)
✔✔Which exotoxin is made by these bacteria? - ✔✔diptheria toxin
✔✔Which organs does it affect? - ✔✔heart and nerves
✔✔Can this disesase be treated well with antibiotics? - ✔✔its treated with an antitoxin,
also penicillin& erythromycin to stop bacterial growth
✔✔How are children vaccinated against diphtheria? - ✔✔immunized with a toxoid
✔✔How is diphtheria treated? - ✔✔patients are given antitoxin and penicillin &
erythromycin
✔✔Name two tyes of viruses that cause the common cold. - ✔✔Rhinovirus,
Coronavirus, Adenovirus
✔✔How many types of rhinoviruses are there? - ✔✔over 100
, ✔✔Name the causative agent for whooping cough - ✔✔Bordatella pertussis
✔✔Name the three phases of disease - ✔✔a. catarrhal stage: long prodromal phase
b. paroxysmal stage: cilia immobilized due to exotoxin-uncontrollable cough with
difficulty breathin. May last 6 weeks
c. convalescent stage
✔✔Which exotoxin is made and what does it do? - ✔✔tracheal cytotoxin; causes
coughing attacks
✔✔What causes the coughing attacks? - ✔✔the cilia are immobilized due to the
exotoxin and uncontrollabel coughs ensue
✔✔How are children vaccinated against this disease? - ✔✔DTaP
✔✔Should antibiotics be given? If so, when - ✔✔erythromycin can be effective early on
✔✔Name the causative agent for classic lobar pneumonia: - ✔✔Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Staphylococcus aureus
Hemophilus infuenzae
✔✔Does this agent display alpha or beta hemolysis? - ✔✔Alpha hemolysis
✔✔How can this type of pneumonia be treated? - ✔✔penicillin
✔✔Is there a vaccination? - ✔✔yes- pneumovax which is a combination for 23 capsule
antigen to cover most 85 serotypes
✔✔Who is at risk? - ✔✔immunocompromised
✔✔Name a causative agent of hemorrhagic pneumonia: - ✔✔Klebsiella pneumonia
✔✔How high is the mortatilty? - ✔✔High due to chronic ulceration & destruction of
alveoli
✔✔What is the casative agent of "walking pneumonia?" - ✔✔Mycoplasma pneumoniae-
leading type in children
chlamydophila pneumoniae-may be many unreported cases
✔✔How is it treated? - ✔✔erythromycin
✔✔Where are Legionella bacteria frequently found? - ✔✔humidifiers, AC
