CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Overview
Question Stem
A 58-year-old man with well-controlled hypertension asks which
cancer screening test will most reduce his mortality risk given
his family history of colorectal cancer in a first-degree relative at
age 62. Which screening strategy is most appropriate?
Options
A. Begin colonoscopy now and repeat every 10 years.
B. Start annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) now.
,C. Begin colonoscopy at age 50 and repeat every 5 years.
D. No screening needed because family history was after age
60.
Correct Answer
A
Rationales
• Correct (A): For patients with a first-degree relative
diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age ≥60, standard
average-risk screening applies; colonoscopy beginning now
and every 10 years is an evidence-based option to reduce
mortality.
• B: Annual FIT is an acceptable alternative for average risk
but colonoscopy is preferred when there is a recent first-
degree family history and the patient prefers direct
visualization; FIT alone is less definitive.
• C: Colonoscopy every 5 years is unnecessarily frequent for
average risk and increases procedural risks without proven
added mortality benefit.
• D: A family history in a first-degree relative at age ≥60 does
not exempt the patient from screening; it typically follows
average-risk timing.
Teaching Point
Colonoscopy every 10 years reduces colorectal cancer mortality
in average-risk adults.
,Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
2) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Overview
Question Stem
A 67-year-old woman with COPD asks whether she should
receive the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV). Which
recommendation best balances benefit and safety?
Options
A. Administer RZV now regardless of COPD because age ≥50 is
the only indication.
B. Defer RZV until COPD is fully resolved and patient is
symptom-free.
C. Provide RZV now; chronic pulmonary disease is not a
contraindication.
D. Avoid RZV in COPD due to increased risk of vaccine-
associated exacerbation.
Correct Answer
C
Rationales
• Correct (C): RZV is recommended for adults ≥50 years to
prevent herpes zoster; chronic pulmonary disease is not a
, contraindication and the vaccine’s benefits generally
outweigh risks.
• A: Although age ≥50 is an indication, the answer’s phrasing
ignores assessment of acute illness; however stable COPD
does not preclude vaccination.
• B: Delaying until fully asymptomatic is unnecessary for
chronic stable disease and may leave the patient at risk.
• D: Data do not show routine avoidance of RZV in COPD;
withholding solely for COPD is not evidence-based.
Teaching Point
Administer RZV to eligible adults 50+; chronic stable
comorbidities are not contraindications.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
3) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Overview
Question Stem
A 45-year-old man with BMI 34 kg/m² and prediabetes asks
which intervention will most effectively lower his risk of
progression to type 2 diabetes.
Options
A. Begin metformin immediately without lifestyle changes.
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Overview
Question Stem
A 58-year-old man with well-controlled hypertension asks which
cancer screening test will most reduce his mortality risk given
his family history of colorectal cancer in a first-degree relative at
age 62. Which screening strategy is most appropriate?
Options
A. Begin colonoscopy now and repeat every 10 years.
B. Start annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) now.
,C. Begin colonoscopy at age 50 and repeat every 5 years.
D. No screening needed because family history was after age
60.
Correct Answer
A
Rationales
• Correct (A): For patients with a first-degree relative
diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age ≥60, standard
average-risk screening applies; colonoscopy beginning now
and every 10 years is an evidence-based option to reduce
mortality.
• B: Annual FIT is an acceptable alternative for average risk
but colonoscopy is preferred when there is a recent first-
degree family history and the patient prefers direct
visualization; FIT alone is less definitive.
• C: Colonoscopy every 5 years is unnecessarily frequent for
average risk and increases procedural risks without proven
added mortality benefit.
• D: A family history in a first-degree relative at age ≥60 does
not exempt the patient from screening; it typically follows
average-risk timing.
Teaching Point
Colonoscopy every 10 years reduces colorectal cancer mortality
in average-risk adults.
,Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
2) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Overview
Question Stem
A 67-year-old woman with COPD asks whether she should
receive the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV). Which
recommendation best balances benefit and safety?
Options
A. Administer RZV now regardless of COPD because age ≥50 is
the only indication.
B. Defer RZV until COPD is fully resolved and patient is
symptom-free.
C. Provide RZV now; chronic pulmonary disease is not a
contraindication.
D. Avoid RZV in COPD due to increased risk of vaccine-
associated exacerbation.
Correct Answer
C
Rationales
• Correct (C): RZV is recommended for adults ≥50 years to
prevent herpes zoster; chronic pulmonary disease is not a
, contraindication and the vaccine’s benefits generally
outweigh risks.
• A: Although age ≥50 is an indication, the answer’s phrasing
ignores assessment of acute illness; however stable COPD
does not preclude vaccination.
• B: Delaying until fully asymptomatic is unnecessary for
chronic stable disease and may leave the patient at risk.
• D: Data do not show routine avoidance of RZV in COPD;
withholding solely for COPD is not evidence-based.
Teaching Point
Administer RZV to eligible adults 50+; chronic stable
comorbidities are not contraindications.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2025). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
3) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Overview
Question Stem
A 45-year-old man with BMI 34 kg/m² and prediabetes asks
which intervention will most effectively lower his risk of
progression to type 2 diabetes.
Options
A. Begin metformin immediately without lifestyle changes.
