PHYS 261 - Lab Final Practicum
Questions with Accurate Answers
What are the phases of mitosis? - ANSWERSinterphase, early prophase, late prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Interphase - ANSWERS- normal metabolic functions
- not part of mitosis
- 3 stages (G1, S, G2)
3 Stages of Interphase - ANSWERSG1 - centrioles begin replicating
S - DNA is replicated
G2 - centrioles finish replicating
Early Prophase - ANSWERS- chromatin condenses
- sister chromatids held together by centromere
- mitotic spindle (centrosomes)
Late Prophase - ANSWERS- nuclear envelope breaks up
- chromosomes drawn to the middle of the cell
Metaphase - ANSWERS- chromosomes line up at the equator
- enzymes separate the chromatids
Anaphase - ANSWERS- shortest phase
- centromeres split
- chromatids -> chromosomes
- microtubules pull chromosomes to poles
Telophase - ANSWERS- prophase in reverse
- chromosomes uncoil -> chromatin
- new nuclear envelope forms
- spindle breaks down
- end of mitosis
Cytokinesis - ANSWERS- actin microfilaments forms cleavage furrow
- division of cytoplasm
Molecular motion - ANSWERS- random and erratic
- kinetic energy
passive transport - ANSWERSmovement driven by concentration/pressure differences
- equalizes gradient
, active transport - ANSWERScell provides energy to power movement
Diffusion - ANSWERSmovement of molecules from region of higher concentration to
lower concentration
- driving force is kinetic energy
potential energy - ANSWERSstored energy
(molecules want to move with the concentration gradient = high potential energy)
simple diffusion - ANSWERSunassisted diffusion of solutes through the selectively
permeable membrane
facilitated diffusion - ANSWERSprocess of diffusion in which molecules pass across the
membrane with a protein carrier molecule
Osmosis - ANSWERSflow of water across a selectively permeable membrane
area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration
Egg Diffusion Lab - ANSWERS- egg concentration: 14%
- 2 beakers (water and 30% sucrose)
- Egg 1: got bigger (hemolysed)
- Egg 2: got smaller (crenated)
Why did egg #1 get bigger? - ANSWERSthe solution (water) was hypotonic -> water
moved inside cell
Why did egg #2 get smaller? - ANSWERSthe solution (30% sucrose) was hypertonic ->
water moved outside of cell
hypotonic solution - ANSWERShigher solute concentration inside
Hypertonic solution - ANSWERShigher solute concentration outside
Isotonic solution - ANSWERSequal solute concentration
active transport - ANSWERS- movement against the concentration gradient
- requires energy
- builds gradient
What structure is responsible for balance and equilibrium? - ANSWERSthe internal ear
(vestibule/semicircular ducts)
What structure allows you to hear/differentiate sounds? - ANSWERScochlea
What structure creates vibrations in your ear? - ANSWERStympanic membrane
Questions with Accurate Answers
What are the phases of mitosis? - ANSWERSinterphase, early prophase, late prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Interphase - ANSWERS- normal metabolic functions
- not part of mitosis
- 3 stages (G1, S, G2)
3 Stages of Interphase - ANSWERSG1 - centrioles begin replicating
S - DNA is replicated
G2 - centrioles finish replicating
Early Prophase - ANSWERS- chromatin condenses
- sister chromatids held together by centromere
- mitotic spindle (centrosomes)
Late Prophase - ANSWERS- nuclear envelope breaks up
- chromosomes drawn to the middle of the cell
Metaphase - ANSWERS- chromosomes line up at the equator
- enzymes separate the chromatids
Anaphase - ANSWERS- shortest phase
- centromeres split
- chromatids -> chromosomes
- microtubules pull chromosomes to poles
Telophase - ANSWERS- prophase in reverse
- chromosomes uncoil -> chromatin
- new nuclear envelope forms
- spindle breaks down
- end of mitosis
Cytokinesis - ANSWERS- actin microfilaments forms cleavage furrow
- division of cytoplasm
Molecular motion - ANSWERS- random and erratic
- kinetic energy
passive transport - ANSWERSmovement driven by concentration/pressure differences
- equalizes gradient
, active transport - ANSWERScell provides energy to power movement
Diffusion - ANSWERSmovement of molecules from region of higher concentration to
lower concentration
- driving force is kinetic energy
potential energy - ANSWERSstored energy
(molecules want to move with the concentration gradient = high potential energy)
simple diffusion - ANSWERSunassisted diffusion of solutes through the selectively
permeable membrane
facilitated diffusion - ANSWERSprocess of diffusion in which molecules pass across the
membrane with a protein carrier molecule
Osmosis - ANSWERSflow of water across a selectively permeable membrane
area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration
Egg Diffusion Lab - ANSWERS- egg concentration: 14%
- 2 beakers (water and 30% sucrose)
- Egg 1: got bigger (hemolysed)
- Egg 2: got smaller (crenated)
Why did egg #1 get bigger? - ANSWERSthe solution (water) was hypotonic -> water
moved inside cell
Why did egg #2 get smaller? - ANSWERSthe solution (30% sucrose) was hypertonic ->
water moved outside of cell
hypotonic solution - ANSWERShigher solute concentration inside
Hypertonic solution - ANSWERShigher solute concentration outside
Isotonic solution - ANSWERSequal solute concentration
active transport - ANSWERS- movement against the concentration gradient
- requires energy
- builds gradient
What structure is responsible for balance and equilibrium? - ANSWERSthe internal ear
(vestibule/semicircular ducts)
What structure allows you to hear/differentiate sounds? - ANSWERScochlea
What structure creates vibrations in your ear? - ANSWERStympanic membrane
