NURS 251 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
(PORTAGE LEARNING) STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS <RECENT VERSION>
NURS 251 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide (100 Q&A)
1. What is the primary goal of the Pre-administration Assessment in the
nursing process for medication administration?
A) To document the medication was given.
B) To evaluate the patient's response to the medication.
C) To gather baseline data to ensure safe and appropriate medication use.
D) To calculate the correct dosage.
2. A drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates a response is known as a(n):
A) Antagonist
B) Agonist
C) Partial Agonist
D) Inverse Agonist
3. The therapeutic index (TI) of a drug is a measure of its:
A) Potency
B) Efficacy
C) Safety
D) Half-life
4. Which organ is primarily responsible for the metabolism of most drugs?
A) Kidneys
B) Liver
C) Lungs
D) Stomach
5. The first-pass effect significantly reduces the bioavailability of a drug
administered via which route?
,A) Intravenous (IV)
B) Intramuscular (IM)
C) Sublingual
D) Oral
6. A patient with impaired renal function is at greatest risk for which
pharmacokinetic outcome?
A) Reduced metabolism
B) Drug accumulation and toxicity
C) Increased first-pass effect
D) Faster absorption
7. The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a drug to reduce by half is
known as its:
A) Onset of action
B) Duration of action
C) Half-life
D) Therapeutic range
8. Which phase of pharmacokinetics involves the movement of a drug from its
site of administration into the bloodstream?
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
9. What does the term "bioavailability" refer to?
A) The total amount of drug administered.
B) The proportion of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation unchanged.
C) The time it takes for a drug to start working.
D) The drug's mechanism of action.
10. Two drugs that, when taken together, produce an effect greater than the
sum of their individual effects are said to have:
A) Antagonism
B) Synergism
, C) Potentiation
D) Tolerance
11. The primary concern when administering a medication with a narrow
therapeutic index is:
A) High cost
B) Risk of teratogenic effects
C) Small difference between therapeutic and toxic doses
D) Unpleasant taste
12. Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by Cholinesterase Inhibitors
like Donepezil (Aricept)?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA
D) Acetylcholine
13. What is the antidote for a benzodiazepine overdose?
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) Flumazenil (Romazicon)
C) Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
D) Physostigmine
14. A patient taking Levodopa for Parkinson's disease should be advised to
avoid which vitamins to prevent reduced drug efficacy?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin B12
15. Which class of drugs is considered first-line therapy for absence seizures?
A) Barbiturates (e.g., Phenobarbital)
B) Hydantoins (e.g., Phenytoin)
C) Succinimides (e.g., Ethosuximide)
D) Benzodiazepines (e.g., Lorazepam)
(PORTAGE LEARNING) STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS <RECENT VERSION>
NURS 251 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide (100 Q&A)
1. What is the primary goal of the Pre-administration Assessment in the
nursing process for medication administration?
A) To document the medication was given.
B) To evaluate the patient's response to the medication.
C) To gather baseline data to ensure safe and appropriate medication use.
D) To calculate the correct dosage.
2. A drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates a response is known as a(n):
A) Antagonist
B) Agonist
C) Partial Agonist
D) Inverse Agonist
3. The therapeutic index (TI) of a drug is a measure of its:
A) Potency
B) Efficacy
C) Safety
D) Half-life
4. Which organ is primarily responsible for the metabolism of most drugs?
A) Kidneys
B) Liver
C) Lungs
D) Stomach
5. The first-pass effect significantly reduces the bioavailability of a drug
administered via which route?
,A) Intravenous (IV)
B) Intramuscular (IM)
C) Sublingual
D) Oral
6. A patient with impaired renal function is at greatest risk for which
pharmacokinetic outcome?
A) Reduced metabolism
B) Drug accumulation and toxicity
C) Increased first-pass effect
D) Faster absorption
7. The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a drug to reduce by half is
known as its:
A) Onset of action
B) Duration of action
C) Half-life
D) Therapeutic range
8. Which phase of pharmacokinetics involves the movement of a drug from its
site of administration into the bloodstream?
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
9. What does the term "bioavailability" refer to?
A) The total amount of drug administered.
B) The proportion of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation unchanged.
C) The time it takes for a drug to start working.
D) The drug's mechanism of action.
10. Two drugs that, when taken together, produce an effect greater than the
sum of their individual effects are said to have:
A) Antagonism
B) Synergism
, C) Potentiation
D) Tolerance
11. The primary concern when administering a medication with a narrow
therapeutic index is:
A) High cost
B) Risk of teratogenic effects
C) Small difference between therapeutic and toxic doses
D) Unpleasant taste
12. Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by Cholinesterase Inhibitors
like Donepezil (Aricept)?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA
D) Acetylcholine
13. What is the antidote for a benzodiazepine overdose?
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) Flumazenil (Romazicon)
C) Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
D) Physostigmine
14. A patient taking Levodopa for Parkinson's disease should be advised to
avoid which vitamins to prevent reduced drug efficacy?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin B12
15. Which class of drugs is considered first-line therapy for absence seizures?
A) Barbiturates (e.g., Phenobarbital)
B) Hydantoins (e.g., Phenytoin)
C) Succinimides (e.g., Ethosuximide)
D) Benzodiazepines (e.g., Lorazepam)
