NUR 631/ NUR631 EXAM 1 (2025/2026)
ACTUAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |
GRADED A+
When do you refer a patient with dyspepsia to a gastroenterologist?
When other symptoms are present such as unexplained weight loss.
Initial bilirubin is unconjugated and NOT .
When measured in the serum, it is reported as indirect bilirubin. This
form of bilirubin is reversibly bound to albumin and transported to the
liver, where it is taken up by hepatocytes and conjugated with
glucuronic acid.
water soluble
why would a beta blocker be prescribed in hyperthyroidism?
to prevent hyperthyroidism-induced atrial fibrillation
,Which lab abnormality is associated with hypothyroidism?
LDL
What causes Jaundice?
an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood
jaundice is apparent when the serum bilirubin rises above what value?
2.5-3.0 (normal = 0.3 - 1.0)
Hyperbilirubinemia may be caused by a number of conditions / diseases
such as anemias, thalassemia, polycythemia, lead poisoning, CHF,
contrast agents, neonatal liver, rare syndromes, hepatitis, pancreatitis,
pancreatic cancer, and many drugs. But the most common causes are
directly due to (2):
Cholestasis, either because of impaired bile formation and/or bile flow,
which can be the result of:
1) extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction
2) hepatic parenchymal disease
, Only bilirubin, by nature of its water solubility, is
found in the urine.
CONJUGATED (direct)
Serum levels of these transaminases are good indicators of hepatocyte
damage from a variety of causes:
aspartate aminotransferase (AST), normal = 5-60
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), normal = 5-43
Because AST is also found in non-hepatic tissues such as skeletal
muscle, heart, and brain tissue, it is not as specific of a marker for
hepatocyte damage as:
ALT
When AST & ALT are elevated, but AST is higher, think:
ACTUAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |
GRADED A+
When do you refer a patient with dyspepsia to a gastroenterologist?
When other symptoms are present such as unexplained weight loss.
Initial bilirubin is unconjugated and NOT .
When measured in the serum, it is reported as indirect bilirubin. This
form of bilirubin is reversibly bound to albumin and transported to the
liver, where it is taken up by hepatocytes and conjugated with
glucuronic acid.
water soluble
why would a beta blocker be prescribed in hyperthyroidism?
to prevent hyperthyroidism-induced atrial fibrillation
,Which lab abnormality is associated with hypothyroidism?
LDL
What causes Jaundice?
an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood
jaundice is apparent when the serum bilirubin rises above what value?
2.5-3.0 (normal = 0.3 - 1.0)
Hyperbilirubinemia may be caused by a number of conditions / diseases
such as anemias, thalassemia, polycythemia, lead poisoning, CHF,
contrast agents, neonatal liver, rare syndromes, hepatitis, pancreatitis,
pancreatic cancer, and many drugs. But the most common causes are
directly due to (2):
Cholestasis, either because of impaired bile formation and/or bile flow,
which can be the result of:
1) extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction
2) hepatic parenchymal disease
, Only bilirubin, by nature of its water solubility, is
found in the urine.
CONJUGATED (direct)
Serum levels of these transaminases are good indicators of hepatocyte
damage from a variety of causes:
aspartate aminotransferase (AST), normal = 5-60
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), normal = 5-43
Because AST is also found in non-hepatic tissues such as skeletal
muscle, heart, and brain tissue, it is not as specific of a marker for
hepatocyte damage as:
ALT
When AST & ALT are elevated, but AST is higher, think:
