Heredity and Genetics - C652 Questions and Correct Answer

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Heredity and Genetics - C652 Questions and
Correct Answers

Gene Ans: A string of nucleotides in a DNA molecule


Allele Ans: Any one of two or more genes that may occur at a
given site on a chromosome.


Occurs in pairs - dominant/recessive


Phenotype Ans: Observable characteristics in regards to its
genotype


Genotype Ans: Genetic constitution of an individual organism.


Example:


DD - Homozygous



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Dd - Heterozygous


dd - Homozygous


Heterozygous Ans: having two different alleles for a trait


Homozygous Ans: An organism that has two identical alleles for
a trait


Dominant Ans: An allele that is always expressed


Recessive Ans: An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is
present


Prophase 1 Ans: Chromosomes become visible; nuclear envelope
breaks down; crossing-over occurs.


Metaphase 1 Ans: Paired homologous chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell




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Anaphase 1 Ans: Homologous pairs are pulled apart to the
opposite poles of the cell. The sister chromatids are still in tact.


Telophase 1 and cytokinesis (meiosis) Ans: nuclear membrane
forms again and spindle fibers disassemble then the cell
undergoes cytokinesis and divides.


Prophase 2 Ans: A new spindle forms around the chromosomes


Metaphase 2 Ans: Centromeres of chromosomes line up
randomly at the equator of each cell.


Anaphase 2 Ans: sister chromatids separate and move to
opposite poles


Telophase 2 and Cytokinesis Ans: A nuclear envelope forms
around each set of chromosomes. the cytoplasm divides.


And


four haploid daughter cells result


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