WGU D307 FINAL / REAL ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE | ACCURATE EXPERT
VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST UPDATE(REAL DEAL)
Question 1
Which theorist developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation, starting with
physiological needs at the base?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Abraham Maslow
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Lev Vygotsky
Correct Answer: B) Abraham Maslow
Rationale: Abraham Maslow, a humanist psychologist, is famous for his pyramid-shaped
hierarchy of needs, which posits that humans must satisfy basic needs (like food and safety)
before they can pursue higher-level needs like self-esteem and self-actualization.
Question 2
The idea that children actively build their own understanding of the world through stages of
cognitive development is most closely associated with which theorist?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Jean Piaget
C) Carol Gilligan
D) Howard Gardner
Correct Answer: B) Jean Piaget
Rationale: Jean Piaget is the key figure in cognitive constructivism. His theory describes how
children construct knowledge through processes of assimilation and accommodation as they
progress through four distinct stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and
formal operational.
Question 3
The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), which describes the gap between what a learner can
do independently and what they can achieve with guidance, was proposed by which theorist?
A) Lev Vygotsky
,B) Albert Bandura
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) B.F. Skinner
Correct Answer: A) Lev Vygotsky
Rationale: Lev Vygotsky, a social constructivist, introduced the concept of the ZPD to
emphasize the critical role of social interaction and guidance from a "More Knowledgeable
Other" in cognitive development.
Question 4
Which theorist proposed a model of psychosocial development that consists of eight stages,
each characterized by a specific conflict or crisis that must be resolved?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Jean Piaget
C) Erik Erikson
D) Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Answer: C) Erik Erikson
Rationale: Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development spans the entire lifespan, from
"Trust vs. Mistrust" in infancy to "Integrity vs. Despair" in old age. Each stage presents a
psychosocial crisis that shapes personality.
Question 5
The famous Bobo doll experiment, which demonstrated that children can learn aggression
through observation, is the work of which theorist?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Albert Bandura
C) Carl Rogers
D) Noam Chomsky
Correct Answer: B) Albert Bandura
Rationale: Albert Bandura's Bobo doll study is a cornerstone of his Social Learning Theory,
showing that learning can occur through observation and imitation without direct
reinforcement.
,Question 6
Which theorist developed a six-stage theory of moral development, suggesting that moral
reasoning progresses from a focus on punishment to abstract ethical principles?
A) Carol Gilligan
B) Erik Erikson
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: C) Lawrence Kohlberg
Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development is organized into three levels
(Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional), each with two stages, outlining a
progression in how individuals reason about moral dilemmas.
Question 7
Who critiqued Kohlberg's theory of moral development, arguing that it was biased towards a
male perspective and proposed an alternative "ethic of care"?
A) Carol Gilligan
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Diana Baumrind
Correct Answer: A) Carol Gilligan
Rationale: Carol Gilligan, a student of Kohlberg, challenged his work by suggesting that
women's moral reasoning often prioritizes relationships and an ethic of caring and
responsibility, which she contrasted with the "ethic of justice" she saw in Kohlberg's model.
Question 8
The concept of operant conditioning, where behavior is controlled by its consequences
(reinforcement and punishment), was developed by which theorist?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) John B. Watson
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Albert Bandura
, Correct Answer: C) B.F. Skinner
Rationale: B.F. Skinner is the most prominent figure in behaviorism associated with operant
conditioning. He systematically studied how reinforcement and punishment could be used to
shape voluntary behavior.
Question 9
The theory of Universal Grammar, which posits that humans have an innate biological capacity
for language, is attributed to which theorist?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Noam Chomsky
D) Jean Piaget
Correct Answer: C) Noam Chomsky
Rationale: Noam Chomsky, a linguist and nativist, argued against the behaviorist view of
language, proposing that the basic structures of language are pre-wired in the human brain.
Question 10
A student is trying to understand a new math concept. They relate it to a similar concept they
already know. According to Piaget, what is this process called?
A) Accommodation
B) Equilibration
C) Schema
D) Assimilation
Correct Answer: D) Assimilation
Rationale: Assimilation is the cognitive process of fitting new information into existing
cognitive schemas, perceptions, and understandings.
Question 11
When a student realizes that their existing understanding of a concept is incorrect and must
change their mental framework to incorporate new information, what Piagetian process are
they using?
VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST UPDATE(REAL DEAL)
Question 1
Which theorist developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation, starting with
physiological needs at the base?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Abraham Maslow
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Lev Vygotsky
Correct Answer: B) Abraham Maslow
Rationale: Abraham Maslow, a humanist psychologist, is famous for his pyramid-shaped
hierarchy of needs, which posits that humans must satisfy basic needs (like food and safety)
before they can pursue higher-level needs like self-esteem and self-actualization.
Question 2
The idea that children actively build their own understanding of the world through stages of
cognitive development is most closely associated with which theorist?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Jean Piaget
C) Carol Gilligan
D) Howard Gardner
Correct Answer: B) Jean Piaget
Rationale: Jean Piaget is the key figure in cognitive constructivism. His theory describes how
children construct knowledge through processes of assimilation and accommodation as they
progress through four distinct stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and
formal operational.
Question 3
The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), which describes the gap between what a learner can
do independently and what they can achieve with guidance, was proposed by which theorist?
A) Lev Vygotsky
,B) Albert Bandura
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) B.F. Skinner
Correct Answer: A) Lev Vygotsky
Rationale: Lev Vygotsky, a social constructivist, introduced the concept of the ZPD to
emphasize the critical role of social interaction and guidance from a "More Knowledgeable
Other" in cognitive development.
Question 4
Which theorist proposed a model of psychosocial development that consists of eight stages,
each characterized by a specific conflict or crisis that must be resolved?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Jean Piaget
C) Erik Erikson
D) Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Answer: C) Erik Erikson
Rationale: Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development spans the entire lifespan, from
"Trust vs. Mistrust" in infancy to "Integrity vs. Despair" in old age. Each stage presents a
psychosocial crisis that shapes personality.
Question 5
The famous Bobo doll experiment, which demonstrated that children can learn aggression
through observation, is the work of which theorist?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Albert Bandura
C) Carl Rogers
D) Noam Chomsky
Correct Answer: B) Albert Bandura
Rationale: Albert Bandura's Bobo doll study is a cornerstone of his Social Learning Theory,
showing that learning can occur through observation and imitation without direct
reinforcement.
,Question 6
Which theorist developed a six-stage theory of moral development, suggesting that moral
reasoning progresses from a focus on punishment to abstract ethical principles?
A) Carol Gilligan
B) Erik Erikson
C) Lawrence Kohlberg
D) Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: C) Lawrence Kohlberg
Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development is organized into three levels
(Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional), each with two stages, outlining a
progression in how individuals reason about moral dilemmas.
Question 7
Who critiqued Kohlberg's theory of moral development, arguing that it was biased towards a
male perspective and proposed an alternative "ethic of care"?
A) Carol Gilligan
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Diana Baumrind
Correct Answer: A) Carol Gilligan
Rationale: Carol Gilligan, a student of Kohlberg, challenged his work by suggesting that
women's moral reasoning often prioritizes relationships and an ethic of caring and
responsibility, which she contrasted with the "ethic of justice" she saw in Kohlberg's model.
Question 8
The concept of operant conditioning, where behavior is controlled by its consequences
(reinforcement and punishment), was developed by which theorist?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) John B. Watson
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Albert Bandura
, Correct Answer: C) B.F. Skinner
Rationale: B.F. Skinner is the most prominent figure in behaviorism associated with operant
conditioning. He systematically studied how reinforcement and punishment could be used to
shape voluntary behavior.
Question 9
The theory of Universal Grammar, which posits that humans have an innate biological capacity
for language, is attributed to which theorist?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Noam Chomsky
D) Jean Piaget
Correct Answer: C) Noam Chomsky
Rationale: Noam Chomsky, a linguist and nativist, argued against the behaviorist view of
language, proposing that the basic structures of language are pre-wired in the human brain.
Question 10
A student is trying to understand a new math concept. They relate it to a similar concept they
already know. According to Piaget, what is this process called?
A) Accommodation
B) Equilibration
C) Schema
D) Assimilation
Correct Answer: D) Assimilation
Rationale: Assimilation is the cognitive process of fitting new information into existing
cognitive schemas, perceptions, and understandings.
Question 11
When a student realizes that their existing understanding of a concept is incorrect and must
change their mental framework to incorporate new information, what Piagetian process are
they using?
