Test2dBank2dFor2dGenetics2dA2dConceptual2dApproach2d7th2dEdition2dBy:2dB
enjamin2dA.2dPierce
,Chapter2d1:2dIntroduction2dto2dGenetics2dfrom2dGenetics:2dA2dConceptual2dApproach
1. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dbest2ddefines2dgenetics?
A) The2dstudy2dof2dliving2dorganisms
B) The2dstudy2dof2dgenes2dand2dheredity
C) The2dstudy2dof2ddiseases2dand2dtheir2dcauses
D) The2dstudy2dof2dcell2dstructures
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dThe2dstudy2dof2dgenes2dand2dheredity
Rationale:2dGenetics2dfocuses2dspecifically2don2dhow2dtraits2dand2dcharacteristics2dare2dinh
erited2dthrough2dgenes.2dThis2dfoundational2dknowledge2dis2dcrucial2dfor2dunderstanding2dm
ore2dcomplex2dgenetic2dconcepts.2dUnderstanding2dgenetics2dis2dessential2dfor2dnurses,2das2d
they2dmay2ddeal2dwith2dgenetic2dconditions2dand2dcounseling.
2. Which2dterm2ddescribes2dthe2dobservable2dcharacteristics2dof2dan2dorganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dPhenotype
Rationale:2dThe2dphenotype2drefers2dto2dthe2dphysical2dexpression2dof2dgenetic2dtraits,2dwh
ile2dgenotype2drefers2dto2dthe2dgenetic2dmakeup.2dNurses2dmust2dbe2dable2dto2ddifferentiate2d
between2dthese2dterms2dto2dprovide2deffective2deducation2dand2dsupport2dto2dpatients2dregar
ding2dgenetic2dconditions.
3. What2dis2dthe2dprimary2dfunction2dof2dDNA?
A) To2dprovide2denergy2dfor2dcellular2dprocesses
B) To2dstore2dand2dtransmit2dgenetic2dinformation
C) To2dcatalyze2dbiochemical2dreactions
D) To2dserve2das2da2dstructural2dcomponent2dof2dcells
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dTo2dstore2dand2dtransmit2dgenetic2dinformation
Rationale:2dDNA2dholds2dthe2dinstructions2dfor2dthe2ddevelopment2dand2dfunctioning2dof2dlivin
g2dorganisms,2dwhich2dis2dcentral2dto2dgenetic2dstudies.2dUnderstanding2dthe2drole2dof2dDNA2dis2
dvital2dfor2dnurses,2despecially2dwhen2ddiscussing2dgenetic2dtesting2dand2dcounseling.
4. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dbest2ddescribes2dalleles?
A) Different2dforms2dof2da2dgene
B) The2dsame2dform2dof2da2dgene
C) Chromosomes2dthat2ddetermine2dsex
D) Cells2dthat2dcontain2dgenetic2dmaterial
Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dDifferent2dforms2dof2da2dgene
Rationale:2dAlleles2drepresent2dvariations2dof2da2dparticular2dgene,2dcontributing2dto2dgenet
ic2ddiversity.2dNurses2dmust2dunderstand2dalleles2dto2dhelp2dexplain2dinheritance2dpatterns2da
nd2dgenetic2ddisorders2dto2dpatients.
5. If2da2dperson2dhas2dtwo2didentical2dalleles2dfor2da2dtrait,2dthey2dare2dconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dHomozygous
Rationale:2dHomozygous2dindividuals2dhave2dtwo2dcopies2dof2dthe2dsame2dallele,2dwhile2dh
eterozygous2dindividuals2dhave2ddifferent2dalleles.2dThis2ddistinction2dis2dessential2din2dgenet
ics,2das2dit2dinfluences2dthe2dexpression2dof2dtraits2dand2dthe2drisk2dof2dgenetic2ddisorders.
6. What2dis2da2dgene?
A) A2dsegment2dof2dDNA2dthat2dcodes2dfor2da2dprotein
B) The2dphysical2dlocation2dof2dchromosomes
C) The2dcomplete2dset2dof2dDNA2din2dan2dorganism
D) A2dstructure2dthat2dcarries2dnutrients2din2dcells
Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dA2dsegment2dof2dDNA2dthat2dcodes2dfor2da2dprotein
Rationale:2dGenes2dare2dthe2dbasic2dunits2dof2dheredity2dand2dare2dcrucial2dfor2dproducing2d
proteins2dthat2dcarry2dout2dvarious2dfunctions2din2dthe2dbody.2dUnderstanding2dgene2dfunctio
n2dis2dessential2dfor2dnurses2dto2dassess2dgenetic2drisks2dand2dprovide2dappropriate2dpatient2d
education.
7. Which2dgenetic2ddisorder2dis2dcaused2dby2da2dsingle2dgene2dmutation?
A) Cystic2dfibrosis
B) Down2dsyndrome
C) Turner2dsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dCystic2dfibrosis
Rationale:2dCystic2dfibrosis2dis2dan2dautosomal2drecessive2ddisorder2dresulting2dfrom2dmuta
tions2din2dthe2dCFTR2dgene,2dillustrating2dMendelian2dinheritance2dpatterns.2dRecognizing2d
such2ddisorders2dallows2dnurses2dto2dprovide2dbetter2dcare2dand2dmanagement2dstrategies2df
or2daffected2dindividuals.
8. In2dMendelian2dinheritance,2dwhat2dis2dthe2dexpected2dphenotypic2dratio2dof2da2dmo
nohybrid2dcross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2d3:1
Rationale:2dA2dmonohybrid2dcross2dtypically2dresults2din2da2d3:12dratio2dof2ddominant2dto2dr
ecessive2dphenotypes.2dThis2dknowledge2dis2dimportant2dfor2dnurses2dinvolved2din2dgenetic2d
counseling,2das2dit2dhelps2dexplain2dinheritance2dpatterns2dto2dfamilies.
9. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2drepresents2da2dcarrier2dfor2da2drecessive2dgenetic2ddisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) None2dof2dthe2dabove
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dAa
Rationale:2dA2dcarrier2dhas2done2ddominant2dand2done2drecessive2dallele,2dshowing2dno2dsy
mptoms2dof2dthe2ddisorder2dbut2dcapable2dof2dpassing2dthe2drecessive2dallele2dto2doffspring.2
dUnderstanding2dcarriers2dis2dvital2din2dgenetic2dcounseling2dand2dassessing2dfamily2drisks.
10. What2dis2dthe2dsignificance2dof2dthe2dhuman2dgenome2dproject?
A) To2dclone2dhuman2dgenes
B) To2dmap2dthe2dentire2dhuman2dgenome
C) To2didentify2dgenetic2ddisorders2donly
D) To2denhance2dagricultural2dcrops
, Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dTo2dmap2dthe2dentire2dhuman2dgenome
Rationale:2dThe2dHuman2dGenome2dProject2daimed2dto2dsequence2dand2dunderstand2dall2dth
e2dgenes2dof2dthe2dhuman2dspecies,2dwhich2dhas2dvast2dimplications2dfor2dmedicine2dand2dge
netics.2dNurses2dshould2dbe2daware2dof2dthis2dproject2das2dit2dinforms2dgenetic2dtesting2dand2
dtreatment2doptions.
11. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dis2dan2dexample2dof2da2ddominant2dtrait?
A) Blue2deyes
B) Blood2dtype2dO
C) Hitchhiker's2dthumb
D) Cystic2dfibrosis
Correct2dAnswer:2dC)2dHitchhiker's2dthumb
Rationale:2dHitchhiker's2dthumb2dis2da2ddominant2dtrait;2dthe2dothers2dare2deither2drecessive
2dor2dblood2dtypes2ddetermined2dby2dcodominance.2dUnderstanding2ddominant2dtraits2dis2dcr
ucial2dfor2dnurses2dwhen2ddiscussing2dgenetic2dinheritance2dwith2dpatients.
12. In2da2dpedigree2dchart,2da2dfilled2dsymbol2dtypically2drepresents2dwhich2dof2dthe2dfollowing
?
A) Carrier
B) Affected2dindividual
C) Male
D) Female
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dAffected2dindividual
Rationale:2dFilled2dsymbols2din2da2dpedigree2dindicate2dindividuals2dexpressing2da2dparticu
lar2dtrait2dor2dcondition2dbeing2dstudied.2dKnowledge2dof2dpedigree2dcharts2dis2dessential2dfor
2dnurses2dassessing2dfamily2dhistories2dand2dgenetic2drisks.
13. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dis2dtrue2dregarding2dsex-linked2dtraits?
A) They2dare2dinherited2dequally2dby2dmales2dand2dfemales.
B) They2dare2dalways2dexpressed2din2dmales.
C) They2dare2donly2dfound2don2dthe2dY2dchromosome.
D) They2dare2dtypically2dmore2dcommon2din2dmales2dthan2dfemales.
Correct2dAnswer:2dD)2dThey2dare2dtypically2dmore2dcommon2din2dmales2dthan2dfemales.2
dRationale:2dSex-
linked2dtraits2dare2doften2dcarried2don2dthe2dX2dchromosome,2dleading2dto2dhigher2dexpressi
on2din2dmales,2dwho2dhave2donly2done2dX2dchromosome.2dNurses2dshould2dunderstand2dsex-
2dlinked2dinheritance2dpatterns2dfor2deffective2dgenetic2dcounseling.
14. What2dis2dthe2drole2dof2dmessenger2dRNA2d(mRNA)2din2dprotein2dsynthesis?
A) It2dcatalyzes2dthe2dformation2dof2dproteins.
B) It2dcarries2dgenetic2dinformation2dfrom2dDNA2dto2dribosomes.
C) It2dhelps2din2dDNA2dreplication.
D) It2dprotects2dDNA2dfrom2ddegradation.
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dIt2dcarries2dgenetic2dinformation2dfrom2dDNA2dto2dribosomes.
Rationale:2dmRNA2dis2dcrucial2dfor2dtranslating2dgenetic2dinformation2dinto2dproteins,2dfun
ctioning2das2da2dtemplate2dfor2dprotein2dsynthesis.2dUnderstanding2dmRNA's2drole2daids2dnu
rses2din2ddiscussing2dgenetic2dtherapies2dand2dtreatments.
15. Which2dterm2ddescribes2dan2dorganism's2dgenetic2dmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dGenotype
enjamin2dA.2dPierce
,Chapter2d1:2dIntroduction2dto2dGenetics2dfrom2dGenetics:2dA2dConceptual2dApproach
1. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dbest2ddefines2dgenetics?
A) The2dstudy2dof2dliving2dorganisms
B) The2dstudy2dof2dgenes2dand2dheredity
C) The2dstudy2dof2ddiseases2dand2dtheir2dcauses
D) The2dstudy2dof2dcell2dstructures
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dThe2dstudy2dof2dgenes2dand2dheredity
Rationale:2dGenetics2dfocuses2dspecifically2don2dhow2dtraits2dand2dcharacteristics2dare2dinh
erited2dthrough2dgenes.2dThis2dfoundational2dknowledge2dis2dcrucial2dfor2dunderstanding2dm
ore2dcomplex2dgenetic2dconcepts.2dUnderstanding2dgenetics2dis2dessential2dfor2dnurses,2das2d
they2dmay2ddeal2dwith2dgenetic2dconditions2dand2dcounseling.
2. Which2dterm2ddescribes2dthe2dobservable2dcharacteristics2dof2dan2dorganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dPhenotype
Rationale:2dThe2dphenotype2drefers2dto2dthe2dphysical2dexpression2dof2dgenetic2dtraits,2dwh
ile2dgenotype2drefers2dto2dthe2dgenetic2dmakeup.2dNurses2dmust2dbe2dable2dto2ddifferentiate2d
between2dthese2dterms2dto2dprovide2deffective2deducation2dand2dsupport2dto2dpatients2dregar
ding2dgenetic2dconditions.
3. What2dis2dthe2dprimary2dfunction2dof2dDNA?
A) To2dprovide2denergy2dfor2dcellular2dprocesses
B) To2dstore2dand2dtransmit2dgenetic2dinformation
C) To2dcatalyze2dbiochemical2dreactions
D) To2dserve2das2da2dstructural2dcomponent2dof2dcells
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dTo2dstore2dand2dtransmit2dgenetic2dinformation
Rationale:2dDNA2dholds2dthe2dinstructions2dfor2dthe2ddevelopment2dand2dfunctioning2dof2dlivin
g2dorganisms,2dwhich2dis2dcentral2dto2dgenetic2dstudies.2dUnderstanding2dthe2drole2dof2dDNA2dis2
dvital2dfor2dnurses,2despecially2dwhen2ddiscussing2dgenetic2dtesting2dand2dcounseling.
4. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dbest2ddescribes2dalleles?
A) Different2dforms2dof2da2dgene
B) The2dsame2dform2dof2da2dgene
C) Chromosomes2dthat2ddetermine2dsex
D) Cells2dthat2dcontain2dgenetic2dmaterial
Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dDifferent2dforms2dof2da2dgene
Rationale:2dAlleles2drepresent2dvariations2dof2da2dparticular2dgene,2dcontributing2dto2dgenet
ic2ddiversity.2dNurses2dmust2dunderstand2dalleles2dto2dhelp2dexplain2dinheritance2dpatterns2da
nd2dgenetic2ddisorders2dto2dpatients.
5. If2da2dperson2dhas2dtwo2didentical2dalleles2dfor2da2dtrait,2dthey2dare2dconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dHomozygous
Rationale:2dHomozygous2dindividuals2dhave2dtwo2dcopies2dof2dthe2dsame2dallele,2dwhile2dh
eterozygous2dindividuals2dhave2ddifferent2dalleles.2dThis2ddistinction2dis2dessential2din2dgenet
ics,2das2dit2dinfluences2dthe2dexpression2dof2dtraits2dand2dthe2drisk2dof2dgenetic2ddisorders.
6. What2dis2da2dgene?
A) A2dsegment2dof2dDNA2dthat2dcodes2dfor2da2dprotein
B) The2dphysical2dlocation2dof2dchromosomes
C) The2dcomplete2dset2dof2dDNA2din2dan2dorganism
D) A2dstructure2dthat2dcarries2dnutrients2din2dcells
Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dA2dsegment2dof2dDNA2dthat2dcodes2dfor2da2dprotein
Rationale:2dGenes2dare2dthe2dbasic2dunits2dof2dheredity2dand2dare2dcrucial2dfor2dproducing2d
proteins2dthat2dcarry2dout2dvarious2dfunctions2din2dthe2dbody.2dUnderstanding2dgene2dfunctio
n2dis2dessential2dfor2dnurses2dto2dassess2dgenetic2drisks2dand2dprovide2dappropriate2dpatient2d
education.
7. Which2dgenetic2ddisorder2dis2dcaused2dby2da2dsingle2dgene2dmutation?
A) Cystic2dfibrosis
B) Down2dsyndrome
C) Turner2dsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
Correct2dAnswer:2dA)2dCystic2dfibrosis
Rationale:2dCystic2dfibrosis2dis2dan2dautosomal2drecessive2ddisorder2dresulting2dfrom2dmuta
tions2din2dthe2dCFTR2dgene,2dillustrating2dMendelian2dinheritance2dpatterns.2dRecognizing2d
such2ddisorders2dallows2dnurses2dto2dprovide2dbetter2dcare2dand2dmanagement2dstrategies2df
or2daffected2dindividuals.
8. In2dMendelian2dinheritance,2dwhat2dis2dthe2dexpected2dphenotypic2dratio2dof2da2dmo
nohybrid2dcross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2d3:1
Rationale:2dA2dmonohybrid2dcross2dtypically2dresults2din2da2d3:12dratio2dof2ddominant2dto2dr
ecessive2dphenotypes.2dThis2dknowledge2dis2dimportant2dfor2dnurses2dinvolved2din2dgenetic2d
counseling,2das2dit2dhelps2dexplain2dinheritance2dpatterns2dto2dfamilies.
9. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2drepresents2da2dcarrier2dfor2da2drecessive2dgenetic2ddisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) None2dof2dthe2dabove
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dAa
Rationale:2dA2dcarrier2dhas2done2ddominant2dand2done2drecessive2dallele,2dshowing2dno2dsy
mptoms2dof2dthe2ddisorder2dbut2dcapable2dof2dpassing2dthe2drecessive2dallele2dto2doffspring.2
dUnderstanding2dcarriers2dis2dvital2din2dgenetic2dcounseling2dand2dassessing2dfamily2drisks.
10. What2dis2dthe2dsignificance2dof2dthe2dhuman2dgenome2dproject?
A) To2dclone2dhuman2dgenes
B) To2dmap2dthe2dentire2dhuman2dgenome
C) To2didentify2dgenetic2ddisorders2donly
D) To2denhance2dagricultural2dcrops
, Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dTo2dmap2dthe2dentire2dhuman2dgenome
Rationale:2dThe2dHuman2dGenome2dProject2daimed2dto2dsequence2dand2dunderstand2dall2dth
e2dgenes2dof2dthe2dhuman2dspecies,2dwhich2dhas2dvast2dimplications2dfor2dmedicine2dand2dge
netics.2dNurses2dshould2dbe2daware2dof2dthis2dproject2das2dit2dinforms2dgenetic2dtesting2dand2
dtreatment2doptions.
11. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dis2dan2dexample2dof2da2ddominant2dtrait?
A) Blue2deyes
B) Blood2dtype2dO
C) Hitchhiker's2dthumb
D) Cystic2dfibrosis
Correct2dAnswer:2dC)2dHitchhiker's2dthumb
Rationale:2dHitchhiker's2dthumb2dis2da2ddominant2dtrait;2dthe2dothers2dare2deither2drecessive
2dor2dblood2dtypes2ddetermined2dby2dcodominance.2dUnderstanding2ddominant2dtraits2dis2dcr
ucial2dfor2dnurses2dwhen2ddiscussing2dgenetic2dinheritance2dwith2dpatients.
12. In2da2dpedigree2dchart,2da2dfilled2dsymbol2dtypically2drepresents2dwhich2dof2dthe2dfollowing
?
A) Carrier
B) Affected2dindividual
C) Male
D) Female
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dAffected2dindividual
Rationale:2dFilled2dsymbols2din2da2dpedigree2dindicate2dindividuals2dexpressing2da2dparticu
lar2dtrait2dor2dcondition2dbeing2dstudied.2dKnowledge2dof2dpedigree2dcharts2dis2dessential2dfor
2dnurses2dassessing2dfamily2dhistories2dand2dgenetic2drisks.
13. Which2dof2dthe2dfollowing2dis2dtrue2dregarding2dsex-linked2dtraits?
A) They2dare2dinherited2dequally2dby2dmales2dand2dfemales.
B) They2dare2dalways2dexpressed2din2dmales.
C) They2dare2donly2dfound2don2dthe2dY2dchromosome.
D) They2dare2dtypically2dmore2dcommon2din2dmales2dthan2dfemales.
Correct2dAnswer:2dD)2dThey2dare2dtypically2dmore2dcommon2din2dmales2dthan2dfemales.2
dRationale:2dSex-
linked2dtraits2dare2doften2dcarried2don2dthe2dX2dchromosome,2dleading2dto2dhigher2dexpressi
on2din2dmales,2dwho2dhave2donly2done2dX2dchromosome.2dNurses2dshould2dunderstand2dsex-
2dlinked2dinheritance2dpatterns2dfor2deffective2dgenetic2dcounseling.
14. What2dis2dthe2drole2dof2dmessenger2dRNA2d(mRNA)2din2dprotein2dsynthesis?
A) It2dcatalyzes2dthe2dformation2dof2dproteins.
B) It2dcarries2dgenetic2dinformation2dfrom2dDNA2dto2dribosomes.
C) It2dhelps2din2dDNA2dreplication.
D) It2dprotects2dDNA2dfrom2ddegradation.
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dIt2dcarries2dgenetic2dinformation2dfrom2dDNA2dto2dribosomes.
Rationale:2dmRNA2dis2dcrucial2dfor2dtranslating2dgenetic2dinformation2dinto2dproteins,2dfun
ctioning2das2da2dtemplate2dfor2dprotein2dsynthesis.2dUnderstanding2dmRNA's2drole2daids2dnu
rses2din2ddiscussing2dgenetic2dtherapies2dand2dtreatments.
15. Which2dterm2ddescribes2dan2dorganism's2dgenetic2dmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
Correct2dAnswer:2dB)2dGenotype
