TNCC 9th Edition Final Exam
2025/2026 Questions and
100% Correct Answers
What does the J stand for at the end of the secondary survey?
just keep evaluating - VIPP
What does VIPP stand for?
vital signs, injuries/interventions, primary survey, pain
During the head-to-toe, where would you find Grey-Turner's sign?
flank
During the head-to-toe, where would you find Cullen's sign?
umbilicus
What is sometimes deferred at the end of the head-to-toe?
inspecting posterior
Antibiotics, consults, head CT, imaging, law enforcement, mandatory reporting,
psychosocial support, social services, splinting, tetanus, and wound care are all
interventions that you do AFTER and before WHAT?
AFTER head-to-toe, BEFORE J (VIPP)
What three items are obtained during the pertinent history assessment?
Medical records, prehospital report, SAMPLE
What are examples of nonpharmacologic measures? (must identify at least one
during testing)
,Distraction, family presence, padding bony prominences, repositioning, splinting,
verbal reassurance
For whom is capnography highly recommended?
all patients
In step M of "Get Adjuncts", what else might be indicated besides cardiac
monitor?
EKG
In Step 16 of "Exposure and Environment", you must name at least one of these
interventions:
blankets, room temp increase, warmed fluids, warming lights
At what point PRIOR TO the head-to-toe is the patient inspected for obvious
injuries?
In Step 15 of "Exposure and Environment"
In Step 13 of "Disability", what is assessed if pt is altered?
glucose
To assess circulation, you must do these two main tasks:
1. inspect AND palpate skin color, temp, moisture and 2. palpate a pulse
What do you do when alterations are identified in any of the steps in the primary
survey?
intervene as appropriate and reassess
What three assessments must be done if the patient is intubated?
, 1. attach CO2 detector and assess for evidence of exhaled CO2; 2. observe for rise
and fall of the chest w/ assisted ventilations; 3. auscultate over epigastrium for
gurgling AND lungs for bilateral breath sounds
Four of these must be identified to assess breathing effectiveness:
Breath sounds, depth/pattern/rate, spontaneous breathing, subcutaneous
emphysema, increased work of breathing, symmetrical chest rise and fall, tracheal
deviation/JVD, open wounds/deformities, skin color
What can be applied in step 12 of "Circulation and Control of Hemorrhage" for
which credit is given in the LMNOP section?
cardiac monitor
When should 2 IV sites be established?
During "Circulation" assessment
If the patient is intubated and you've already assessed ETT placement, what else
needs to be done with the ETT? (step 10)
assess ETT position by noting the number at teeth/gums AND secure ETT
What should you verbalize after completing all ETT assessments?
moving patient from assisted ventilation to mechanical
During which part of the primary survey would you anticipate the need for a chest
tube, intubation, decompression of pneumothorax, oxygen, or BVMs?
"Breathing and Ventilation"
Four of these must be identified to assess patency and protection of the airway:
2025/2026 Questions and
100% Correct Answers
What does the J stand for at the end of the secondary survey?
just keep evaluating - VIPP
What does VIPP stand for?
vital signs, injuries/interventions, primary survey, pain
During the head-to-toe, where would you find Grey-Turner's sign?
flank
During the head-to-toe, where would you find Cullen's sign?
umbilicus
What is sometimes deferred at the end of the head-to-toe?
inspecting posterior
Antibiotics, consults, head CT, imaging, law enforcement, mandatory reporting,
psychosocial support, social services, splinting, tetanus, and wound care are all
interventions that you do AFTER and before WHAT?
AFTER head-to-toe, BEFORE J (VIPP)
What three items are obtained during the pertinent history assessment?
Medical records, prehospital report, SAMPLE
What are examples of nonpharmacologic measures? (must identify at least one
during testing)
,Distraction, family presence, padding bony prominences, repositioning, splinting,
verbal reassurance
For whom is capnography highly recommended?
all patients
In step M of "Get Adjuncts", what else might be indicated besides cardiac
monitor?
EKG
In Step 16 of "Exposure and Environment", you must name at least one of these
interventions:
blankets, room temp increase, warmed fluids, warming lights
At what point PRIOR TO the head-to-toe is the patient inspected for obvious
injuries?
In Step 15 of "Exposure and Environment"
In Step 13 of "Disability", what is assessed if pt is altered?
glucose
To assess circulation, you must do these two main tasks:
1. inspect AND palpate skin color, temp, moisture and 2. palpate a pulse
What do you do when alterations are identified in any of the steps in the primary
survey?
intervene as appropriate and reassess
What three assessments must be done if the patient is intubated?
, 1. attach CO2 detector and assess for evidence of exhaled CO2; 2. observe for rise
and fall of the chest w/ assisted ventilations; 3. auscultate over epigastrium for
gurgling AND lungs for bilateral breath sounds
Four of these must be identified to assess breathing effectiveness:
Breath sounds, depth/pattern/rate, spontaneous breathing, subcutaneous
emphysema, increased work of breathing, symmetrical chest rise and fall, tracheal
deviation/JVD, open wounds/deformities, skin color
What can be applied in step 12 of "Circulation and Control of Hemorrhage" for
which credit is given in the LMNOP section?
cardiac monitor
When should 2 IV sites be established?
During "Circulation" assessment
If the patient is intubated and you've already assessed ETT placement, what else
needs to be done with the ETT? (step 10)
assess ETT position by noting the number at teeth/gums AND secure ETT
What should you verbalize after completing all ETT assessments?
moving patient from assisted ventilation to mechanical
During which part of the primary survey would you anticipate the need for a chest
tube, intubation, decompression of pneumothorax, oxygen, or BVMs?
"Breathing and Ventilation"
Four of these must be identified to assess patency and protection of the airway:
