HEALTH AND WELLNESS CORE EXAM MANUAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Social Determinants of Health - ✔✔circumstances and environment
5 categories
✔✔5 categories of SDOF - ✔✔economic stability
education
health and wellness
social and community context
neighborhood and build environment
✔✔Health Promotion - ✔✔helps individuals maintain or enhance health
✔✔Health Education - ✔✔helps develop greater understanding and how to manage
health
✔✔Illness Prevention - ✔✔help avoid declines in health r ability to function
Ex: immunization programs or blood pressure screening
✔✔Primary Prevention - ✔✔True Prevention
goal is to reduce incidence of disease
health education, nutritional programs, physical fitness activities
✔✔Secondary Prevention - ✔✔Prevents spread of disease, illness, or infection
diagnosis and prompt intervention
✔✔Tertiary Prevention - ✔✔defect or disability is permanent and irreversible
minimizes effects of long-term disease or disability
activities directed at rehabilitation
-ex. Patient with spinal cord injury learning how to use wheelchair
✔✔Risk Factor - ✔✔attribute, quality, environmental situation, or trait that increases
vulnerability of individual or group to illness or accident
✔✔Types of Risk Factors - ✔✔nonmodifiable
modifiable
environment
✔✔Nonmodifiable Risk Factors - ✔✔age
gender
genetics
family history
cannot be changed
, ✔✔Modifiable Risk Factors - ✔✔lifestyle practices
behaviors (poor nutrition, overeating, insufficient rest and sleep)
✔✔Environmental Risk Factors - ✔✔Where we live and condition of the area
-how we live, what we eat (what is in the food and water in specific area), disease
agents exposed to, state of health, ability to adapt
✔✔Transtheoretical Model - Stages of Health Behavior Change - ✔✔Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preperation
Action
Maintenance
✔✔Precontemplation - ✔✔no intent to make changes in next 6 months, doesn't believe
anything is wrong
✔✔Contemplation - ✔✔Considering change in next 6 months
✔✔Preperation - ✔✔Making small changes for change beginning in next month
✔✔Action - ✔✔Actively engaged in changing behavior for the first 6 months
✔✔Maintenance - ✔✔Sustained change, from 6 months on
✔✔Illness - ✔✔State in which person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
can feel ill in presence or absence of a disease
✔✔Acute Illness - ✔✔usually reversible, short duration
symptoms appear abruptly and subside shortly
✔✔Chronic Illness - ✔✔lasts 6 plus months
irreversible
affects functioning in 1 or more systems
often fluctuate between maximum functioning and possible life threatening health
relapses
✔✔Illness Behavior - ✔✔Those that are ill adopt cognitive, affective, and behavioral
reaction influenced by sociocultural and psychological factors
✔✔Internal Variables - ✔✔Patient's perception of symptoms and nature of illness
Coping Skills
Locus of Control
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Social Determinants of Health - ✔✔circumstances and environment
5 categories
✔✔5 categories of SDOF - ✔✔economic stability
education
health and wellness
social and community context
neighborhood and build environment
✔✔Health Promotion - ✔✔helps individuals maintain or enhance health
✔✔Health Education - ✔✔helps develop greater understanding and how to manage
health
✔✔Illness Prevention - ✔✔help avoid declines in health r ability to function
Ex: immunization programs or blood pressure screening
✔✔Primary Prevention - ✔✔True Prevention
goal is to reduce incidence of disease
health education, nutritional programs, physical fitness activities
✔✔Secondary Prevention - ✔✔Prevents spread of disease, illness, or infection
diagnosis and prompt intervention
✔✔Tertiary Prevention - ✔✔defect or disability is permanent and irreversible
minimizes effects of long-term disease or disability
activities directed at rehabilitation
-ex. Patient with spinal cord injury learning how to use wheelchair
✔✔Risk Factor - ✔✔attribute, quality, environmental situation, or trait that increases
vulnerability of individual or group to illness or accident
✔✔Types of Risk Factors - ✔✔nonmodifiable
modifiable
environment
✔✔Nonmodifiable Risk Factors - ✔✔age
gender
genetics
family history
cannot be changed
, ✔✔Modifiable Risk Factors - ✔✔lifestyle practices
behaviors (poor nutrition, overeating, insufficient rest and sleep)
✔✔Environmental Risk Factors - ✔✔Where we live and condition of the area
-how we live, what we eat (what is in the food and water in specific area), disease
agents exposed to, state of health, ability to adapt
✔✔Transtheoretical Model - Stages of Health Behavior Change - ✔✔Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preperation
Action
Maintenance
✔✔Precontemplation - ✔✔no intent to make changes in next 6 months, doesn't believe
anything is wrong
✔✔Contemplation - ✔✔Considering change in next 6 months
✔✔Preperation - ✔✔Making small changes for change beginning in next month
✔✔Action - ✔✔Actively engaged in changing behavior for the first 6 months
✔✔Maintenance - ✔✔Sustained change, from 6 months on
✔✔Illness - ✔✔State in which person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
can feel ill in presence or absence of a disease
✔✔Acute Illness - ✔✔usually reversible, short duration
symptoms appear abruptly and subside shortly
✔✔Chronic Illness - ✔✔lasts 6 plus months
irreversible
affects functioning in 1 or more systems
often fluctuate between maximum functioning and possible life threatening health
relapses
✔✔Illness Behavior - ✔✔Those that are ill adopt cognitive, affective, and behavioral
reaction influenced by sociocultural and psychological factors
✔✔Internal Variables - ✔✔Patient's perception of symptoms and nature of illness
Coping Skills
Locus of Control
