ATI PRACTICE TEST – PEDIATRICS A | UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a school-aged child
who has a new prescription for oral nystatin for the treatment of
oral candidacies. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. "Shake the medication prior to administration."
B. "Provide the medication through a straw."
C. "Rinse the child's mouth with water immediately after giving the
medication."
D. "Mix the medication with applesauce if the child dislikes the
taste." Answer: A. "Shake the medication prior to administration."
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the parent to shake the
medication prior to administration to disperse the medication
evenly within the suspension.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the lumbar puncture results of a school-aged
child who has suspected bacterial meningitis. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an indication of bacterial
meningitis?
A. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure
B. Decreased WBC count
C. Increased protein concentration
,D. Increased glucose level Answer: C. Increased protein
concentration
Rationale: The nurse should identify that an increased protein
concentration in the spinal fluid is a finding that can indicate
bacterial meningitis.
◉ A nurse is caring for a preschooler whose father is going home
home for a few hours while another relative stays with the child.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make to explain
to the child when their father will return?
A. "Your daddy will be back at 7 p.m."
B. "Your daddy will be back after you eat."
C. "Your daddy will be back in the morning."
D."Your daddy will be back after he takes care of your brother."
Answer: B. "Your daddy will be back after you eat."
Rationale: Preschoolers make sense of time best when they can
associate it with an expected daily routine, such as meals and
bedtime. Therefore, the child comprehends time best when it is
explained to them in relation to an event they are familiar with, such
as eating.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a school-aged child
who is experiencing fatigue. Which of the following findings should
the nurse recognize as an indication of anemia?
A. Hematocrit 28%
,B. Hemoglobin 13.5 g/dL
C. WBC count 8,000/mm3
D. Platelets 250,000/mm3 Answer: A. Hematocrit 28%
Rationale: The nurse should recognize that this hematocrit level is
below the expected reference range of 32% to 44% for a school-age
child. The child can exhibit fatigue, lightheadedness, tachycardia,
dyspnea, and pallor due to the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an infant who is
receiving treatment for severe dehydration. The nurse should
identify which of the following lab values indicates that the
treatment is working?
A. Potassium 2.9 mEq/L
B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
C. Urine specific gravity 1.035
D. BUN 25 mg/dL Answer: B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
Rationale: The nurse should identify that a sodium level of 140
mEq/L is within the expected reference range of 134 to 150 mEq/L
and indicates the current treatment regimen the infant is receiving
for dehydration is effective.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a 7-year-old child
who is going through chemotherapy. which of the following lab
values should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Hgb 8.5 g/dL
, B. WBC count 9,500/mm3
C. Prealbumin 18 mg/dL
D. Platelets 300,000/mm3 Answer: A. Hgb 8.5 g/dL
Rationale: A child receiving chemotherapy is at risk for anemia due
to the chemotherapy effects on the blood-forming cells of the bone
marrow. The development of anemia is diagnosed through
laboratory testing of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. The nurse
should recognize that a hemoglobin level of 8.5 g/dL is below the
expected reference range of 10 to 15.5 g/dL for a 7-year-old child
and should be reported to the provider.
◉ A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant ways to prevent
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Place the infant in a prone position to sleep."
B. "Allow the infant to sleep on a large pillow."
C. "Use a soft mattress in the infant's crib."
D. "Give the infant a pacifier at bedtime." Answer: D. "Give the infant
a pacifier at bedtime."
Rationale: The nurse should inform the parent that protective
factors against SIDS include breastfeeding and the use of a pacifier
when the infant is sleeping.
◉ A nurse is caring for a preschooler who has been receiving IV
fluids via a peripheral IV catheter. When preparing to discontinue
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a school-aged child
who has a new prescription for oral nystatin for the treatment of
oral candidacies. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. "Shake the medication prior to administration."
B. "Provide the medication through a straw."
C. "Rinse the child's mouth with water immediately after giving the
medication."
D. "Mix the medication with applesauce if the child dislikes the
taste." Answer: A. "Shake the medication prior to administration."
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the parent to shake the
medication prior to administration to disperse the medication
evenly within the suspension.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the lumbar puncture results of a school-aged
child who has suspected bacterial meningitis. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an indication of bacterial
meningitis?
A. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure
B. Decreased WBC count
C. Increased protein concentration
,D. Increased glucose level Answer: C. Increased protein
concentration
Rationale: The nurse should identify that an increased protein
concentration in the spinal fluid is a finding that can indicate
bacterial meningitis.
◉ A nurse is caring for a preschooler whose father is going home
home for a few hours while another relative stays with the child.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make to explain
to the child when their father will return?
A. "Your daddy will be back at 7 p.m."
B. "Your daddy will be back after you eat."
C. "Your daddy will be back in the morning."
D."Your daddy will be back after he takes care of your brother."
Answer: B. "Your daddy will be back after you eat."
Rationale: Preschoolers make sense of time best when they can
associate it with an expected daily routine, such as meals and
bedtime. Therefore, the child comprehends time best when it is
explained to them in relation to an event they are familiar with, such
as eating.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a school-aged child
who is experiencing fatigue. Which of the following findings should
the nurse recognize as an indication of anemia?
A. Hematocrit 28%
,B. Hemoglobin 13.5 g/dL
C. WBC count 8,000/mm3
D. Platelets 250,000/mm3 Answer: A. Hematocrit 28%
Rationale: The nurse should recognize that this hematocrit level is
below the expected reference range of 32% to 44% for a school-age
child. The child can exhibit fatigue, lightheadedness, tachycardia,
dyspnea, and pallor due to the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an infant who is
receiving treatment for severe dehydration. The nurse should
identify which of the following lab values indicates that the
treatment is working?
A. Potassium 2.9 mEq/L
B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
C. Urine specific gravity 1.035
D. BUN 25 mg/dL Answer: B. Sodium 140 mEq/L
Rationale: The nurse should identify that a sodium level of 140
mEq/L is within the expected reference range of 134 to 150 mEq/L
and indicates the current treatment regimen the infant is receiving
for dehydration is effective.
◉ A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a 7-year-old child
who is going through chemotherapy. which of the following lab
values should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Hgb 8.5 g/dL
, B. WBC count 9,500/mm3
C. Prealbumin 18 mg/dL
D. Platelets 300,000/mm3 Answer: A. Hgb 8.5 g/dL
Rationale: A child receiving chemotherapy is at risk for anemia due
to the chemotherapy effects on the blood-forming cells of the bone
marrow. The development of anemia is diagnosed through
laboratory testing of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. The nurse
should recognize that a hemoglobin level of 8.5 g/dL is below the
expected reference range of 10 to 15.5 g/dL for a 7-year-old child
and should be reported to the provider.
◉ A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant ways to prevent
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Place the infant in a prone position to sleep."
B. "Allow the infant to sleep on a large pillow."
C. "Use a soft mattress in the infant's crib."
D. "Give the infant a pacifier at bedtime." Answer: D. "Give the infant
a pacifier at bedtime."
Rationale: The nurse should inform the parent that protective
factors against SIDS include breastfeeding and the use of a pacifier
when the infant is sleeping.
◉ A nurse is caring for a preschooler who has been receiving IV
fluids via a peripheral IV catheter. When preparing to discontinue
