Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition
v v v
byJonC.Herron;ScottFreemanChapters1-20
v v v v v v v v v
,TABLEOFCONTENTS v v v
1A Casefor Evolutionary Thinking: Understanding HIV 2The Pattern ofEvolution
v v v v v v v v v v v v
3 Evolution by Natural Selection 4 Estimating
v v v v v v
EvolutionaryTrees 5VariationAmong Individuals
v v v v v v
6MendelianGeneticsinPopulations I:Selection andMutation 7MendelianGenetics inPopulations II:
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Migration,Drift,& NonrandomMating
v v v v v
8 EvolutionatMultipleLoci:LinkageandSex v v v v v v
9 EvolutionatMultipleLoci:QuantitativeGenetics v v v v v
10 StudyingAdaptation:EvolutionaryAnalysisofFormand Functionv v v v v v v
11 SexualSelection v
12 TheEvolutionofSocialBehavior
v v v v
13 AgingandOtherLife-HistoryCharacters 14Evolutionand Human
v v v v v v v v
Health
v
15GenomeEvolution and the Molecular Basis ofAdaptation 16MechanismsofSpeciation
v v v v v v v v v v v v
17The Origins ofLife and Precambrian Evolution 18Evolution andthe Fossil Record
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
19DevelopmentandEvolution 20HumanEvolution
v v v v v v
,Chapter 1 A Case for Evolutionary Thinking: Understanding HIV
v v v v v v v v
1) In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
A) India
B) Sub-Saharan Africa v
C) United States v
D) China
E) United
Kingdom
v v
Answer:
v B v
Section: 1.1
v v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
2) The HIV virus contains all of the following components except
v v v v v v v v v .
A) integrase
B) double-strandedRNA v
C) single-strandedRNA v
D) reverse transcriptase v
E) proteas
e Answer: B
vv
Section:
v
1.1
v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
3) The acronym HIV stands for which of the following?
v v v v v v v v
A) human intercellular virus v v
B) human immune virus v v
C) human immunodeficiency virus v v
D) human immunity virus v v
E) humanimmunodeficiency v
vector Answer: C
v vv v
Section: 1.1 v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
4) Which of the following enzymes is responsible for transcribing viral RNA into DNA?
v v v v v v v v v v v v
A) RNA polymerase v
B) reverse transcriptase v
C) DNApolymerase v
D) reverseintegrase v
E) RNA
duplicase
v v
Answer: B
v v
Section: 1.1
v v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
, 5) The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5.
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
On what type of cells are these proteins typically observed?
v v v v v v v v v v
A) plasma cells v
B) dendritic cells v
C) effector helper T cells v v v
D) memory helper T cells v v v
E) both C v
and
v
DAnswer: E
v v
Section:
v
1.1
v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
6) The AIDS phase of HIV infection begins when the concentration of CD4 T cells in the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
blood drops below what concentration?
v v v v v
A) 2,000 cells per cubic millimeter v v v v
B) 1,000 cells per cubic millimeter v v v v
C) 500 cells per cubic millimeter
v v v v
D) 200 cells per cubic millimeter
v v v v
E) No CD4 T cells are
v v v v
observed. Answer: D
v vv v
Section: 1.1 v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
7) Which of the following drug categories are used to treat HIV infections?
v v v v v v v v v v v
A) integrase inhibitors v
B) protease inhibitors v
C) reverse transcriptase inhibitors v v
D) DNAse inhibitors v
E) fusion
inhibitors
v v
Answer:
v D v
Section: 1.2
v v
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
v
8) Coreceptor inhibitors block HIV infection by preventing which of the following? v v v v v v v v v v
A) binding of the HIV virion onto the plasma membrane v v v v v v v v
B) binding of the HIV virion onto the CCR5 receptor v v v v v v v v
C) binding of the HIV virion onto the gp120 protein v v v v v v v v
D) degrading the coreceptor so the virion cannot attach v v v v v v v
E) binding of the HIV virion onto the CD4 v v v v v v v
receptor Answer: B
v vv v
Section: 1.2 v
Skill: Application/Analysis
v
9) What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?
v v v v v v v v v v v v