PATHO NR 605
with correct
question and
answers
2025/2026
___________ is low blood sugar during the night that may lead to morning hypoglycemia -
correct answersSomoygi effect
5 facts about Polycystic ovary syndrome - correct answers1. Oligo-ovulation or anovulation
2. Elevated levels of androgens or clinical signs of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries
3. Leading cause of infertility in United States
4. Multifactorial-Hyperinsulinism- prevents follicular decline
5. Dysfunction of follicle development
,A 3-year-old child with right-sided heart failure has been admitted for worsening of his
condition. Which of the following assessments would be considered one of the earliest signs of
systemic venous congestion in this toddler? - correct answersEnlargement of the liver
A chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is likely to result in microvascular complications in
which areas? - correct answersEyes, renal system, nerves
a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and
sacroiliac joints - correct answersankylosing spondylitis
a condition characterized by thickening and hardening of the vessel wall. - correct
answersArteriosclerosis
A nurse knows that Graves disease is caused by a(n):
1. Multiple hyperfunctioning nodules
2. Reduced production of the thyroid hormone
3. Autoimmune response
4. Increased myxedema - correct answers3. Autoimmune response
A pathology that causes loss of articular cartilage and increased osteophyte formations - correct
answersOsteoarthritis
A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory values:
arterial pH 7.20; serum glucose 500 mg/dl; positive urine glucose and ketones; serum potassium
(K+) 2 mEq/L; serum sodium (Na+) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports that he has been sick with
the flu for 1 week. What relationship do these values have to his insulin deficiency? - correct
answersDecreased glucose use causes fatty acid use, ketogenesis, metabolic acidosis, and
osmotic diuresis
, A person develops severe dehydration and hyperglycemia. An absence of ketosis has occurred.
What condition does this person have? - correct answersHyperosmolar hyperglycemic
nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS)
A person has acne, easy bruising, thin extremities, and truncal obesity. These clinical
manifestations are indicative of which endocrine disorder? - correct answersCushing's Disease
A person has Cushing syndrome. Which pathophysiologic effect is occurring?
1. Overproduction of pituitary ACTH
2. Excessive aldosterone secretion
3. Reduction of serum glucose
4. Chronic exposure to excess cortisol - correct answers4. Chronic exposure to excess cortisol
abnormality is usually osteophyte formation - correct answersOsteoarthritis
Accumulation of nitrogenous wastes in the blood manifested as elevated BUN and creatinine is
known as - correct answersAzotemia
Acute pyelonephritis primarily affects the - correct answersRenal Tubules
Acute rheumatic fever is characterized by - correct answerscarditis, acute migratory
polyarthritis, chorea, and erythema marginatum, which occurs 1 to 5 weeks after streptococcal
infection of the pharynx
Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of
inflammation are indicative of - correct answersappenidcitis
All of the following might be useful in assessing cause and type of seizures EXCEPT
with correct
question and
answers
2025/2026
___________ is low blood sugar during the night that may lead to morning hypoglycemia -
correct answersSomoygi effect
5 facts about Polycystic ovary syndrome - correct answers1. Oligo-ovulation or anovulation
2. Elevated levels of androgens or clinical signs of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries
3. Leading cause of infertility in United States
4. Multifactorial-Hyperinsulinism- prevents follicular decline
5. Dysfunction of follicle development
,A 3-year-old child with right-sided heart failure has been admitted for worsening of his
condition. Which of the following assessments would be considered one of the earliest signs of
systemic venous congestion in this toddler? - correct answersEnlargement of the liver
A chronic complication of diabetes mellitus is likely to result in microvascular complications in
which areas? - correct answersEyes, renal system, nerves
a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and
sacroiliac joints - correct answersankylosing spondylitis
a condition characterized by thickening and hardening of the vessel wall. - correct
answersArteriosclerosis
A nurse knows that Graves disease is caused by a(n):
1. Multiple hyperfunctioning nodules
2. Reduced production of the thyroid hormone
3. Autoimmune response
4. Increased myxedema - correct answers3. Autoimmune response
A pathology that causes loss of articular cartilage and increased osteophyte formations - correct
answersOsteoarthritis
A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory values:
arterial pH 7.20; serum glucose 500 mg/dl; positive urine glucose and ketones; serum potassium
(K+) 2 mEq/L; serum sodium (Na+) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports that he has been sick with
the flu for 1 week. What relationship do these values have to his insulin deficiency? - correct
answersDecreased glucose use causes fatty acid use, ketogenesis, metabolic acidosis, and
osmotic diuresis
, A person develops severe dehydration and hyperglycemia. An absence of ketosis has occurred.
What condition does this person have? - correct answersHyperosmolar hyperglycemic
nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS)
A person has acne, easy bruising, thin extremities, and truncal obesity. These clinical
manifestations are indicative of which endocrine disorder? - correct answersCushing's Disease
A person has Cushing syndrome. Which pathophysiologic effect is occurring?
1. Overproduction of pituitary ACTH
2. Excessive aldosterone secretion
3. Reduction of serum glucose
4. Chronic exposure to excess cortisol - correct answers4. Chronic exposure to excess cortisol
abnormality is usually osteophyte formation - correct answersOsteoarthritis
Accumulation of nitrogenous wastes in the blood manifested as elevated BUN and creatinine is
known as - correct answersAzotemia
Acute pyelonephritis primarily affects the - correct answersRenal Tubules
Acute rheumatic fever is characterized by - correct answerscarditis, acute migratory
polyarthritis, chorea, and erythema marginatum, which occurs 1 to 5 weeks after streptococcal
infection of the pharynx
Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of
inflammation are indicative of - correct answersappenidcitis
All of the following might be useful in assessing cause and type of seizures EXCEPT
