2025 ATI Final Exam Study Workbook:
Detailed Nursing Concepts, Practice
Quizzes, and Case-Based Scenarios for
Effective Learning
A nurse is preparing an adolescent for a lumbar puncture. Which action should the nurse take?
A- Place a cardiac monitor on the adolescent prior to the procedure
B- Apply topical analgesic cream to the site one hour prior to the procedure
C- Keep the adolescent in a semi-Fowler's position for 4 hours following the procedure
D- Restrict fluids for 2 hours following the procedure
Rationale: Applying a topical analgesic 60 minutes prior decreases pain during needle insertion.
Options A, C, and D do not address procedural pain.
A nurse is teaching parents about administering eye drops and ointment to a toddler. Which
instruction should the nurse include?
A- Apply the eye ointment within 30 minutes of your toddler awakening in the morning
B- Apply the eye ointment from the outer canthus to the inner canthus
C- Use one hand to pull the upper eyelid upward when instilling eye drops
D- Administer the eye drops 3 minutes before the ointment
Rationale: Eye drops should be given first, with a 3-minute gap before ointment to ensure both
medications are effective. Other options describe incorrect techniques or timing.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a toddler with dehydration due to diarrhea. Which
statement indicates understanding?
A- I will offer my child small amounts of fruit juice frequently
B- I will avoid giving my child solid foods until diarrhea has stopped
C- I will monitor my child's number of wet diapers
D- I will give my child polyethylene glycol daily for 7 days
Rationale: Monitoring wet diapers assesses hydration. Fruit juice and withholding foods are not
recommended; polyethylene glycol is inappropriate here.
,A nurse is collecting a sample for a sickle turbidity test in a toddler. Which action should the
nurse take?
A- Obtain a sputum specimen
B- Perform an Allen test
C- Perform a finger stick
D- Obtain a stool specimen
Rationale: Sickle turbidity testing uses a finger stick. Sputum, stool, or Allen test are unrelated.
A nurse is assessing a school-age child for peripheral edema. Which assessment confirms
edema?
A- Palpate the dorsum of the child's feet
B- Weigh the child daily
C- Assess skin turgor
D- Observe for periorbital swelling
Rationale: Palpation over bony prominences detects fluid accumulation. Weight and turgor can
provide indirect information; periorbital swelling is location-specific.
A nurse is caring for a toddler with partial-thickness burns. Which action should the nurse take?
A- Insert a nasogastric tube
B- Initiate prophylactic antibiotics
C- Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water
D- Apply a topical corticosteroid
Rationale: Gentle cleansing removes debris and reduces infection risk. Antibiotics or
corticosteroids are not first-line; NG tube is unnecessary.
A nurse is performing hearing screenings for children. Which child should be referred for further
evaluation?
A- 18-month-old with unintelligible speech
B- 3-month-old with exaggerated startle response
C- 4-year-old who prefers playing with others
D- 8-month-old not making babbling sounds
Rationale: Lack of babbling at 7–8 months may indicate hearing impairment. Other options are
within developmental norms.
,A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a child with cystic fibrosis. Which statement should the
nurse make?
A- You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day
B- Decrease dietary fats to less than 10%
C- Give 1-gram sodium chloride tablet daily
D- Calculate carbohydrate needs based on activities
Rationale: Children with cystic fibrosis need high-calorie, high-protein diets to support growth
and lung function. Fat and sodium restrictions are incorrect.
A nurse is teaching parents of a child with celiac disease. Which food is appropriate?
A- Wheat bread
B- Vanilla malt
C- Barley soup
D- Rice pudding
Rationale: Rice pudding is gluten-free. Wheat, barley, and malt contain gluten and must be
avoided.
A nurse is teaching parents about digoxin administration for a preschooler. Which instruction
should be included?
A- Use a kitchen teaspoon
B- Brush the child's teeth after giving the medication
C- Double the next dose if missed
D- Repeat the dose if the child vomits
Rationale: Digoxin syrup is sweetened, so brushing prevents dental decay. Doubling doses or
repeating after vomiting is unsafe; kitchen teaspoons are inaccurate.
A nurse is teaching parents about oral Nystatin for oral candidiasis. Which instruction should be
included?
A- Shake the medication prior to administration
B- Provide through a straw
C- Rinse mouth immediately after
D- Mix with applesauce if disliked
Rationale: Shaking ensures even distribution. Rinsing immediately may reduce efficacy; straws
or mixing may alter delivery.
, A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for a toddler. Which expected behavior should the
nurse include?
A- Controls impulsive feelings
B- Understands right from wrong
C- Usually separated from parents for long periods
D- Expresses likes and dislikes
Rationale: Toddlers develop autonomy and assert preferences. Control and understanding of
morality develop later.
A nurse reviewing labs for a school-age child with fatigue notes: Hematocrit 28%, Hemoglobin
13.5 g, WBC 8000, Platelets 250,000. Which indicates anemia?
A- Hematocrit 28%
B- Hemoglobin 13.5 g
C- WBC 8000
D- Platelets 250,000
Rationale: Hematocrit below normal indicates anemia. Hemoglobin, WBC, and platelets are
within normal ranges.
A nurse is planning care for an infant with epidural hematoma and skull fracture. Which action
should be included?
A- Position side-lying at 0–5° angle
B- Monitor tachycardia to prevent herniation
C- Suction every 2 hours while awake
D- Implement seizure precautions
Rationale: Seizure precautions prevent injury in infants at risk. Other options do not address
seizure risk or are inaccurate positioning recommendations.
A nurse assessing a 2-week-old infant notes: excoriated scrotal area, multiple hemangiomas,
depressed posterior fontanel, substernal retractions. Which is priority to report?
A- Excoriated scrotal area
B- Multiple capillary hemangiomas
C- Depressed posterior fontanel
D- Substernal retractions
Detailed Nursing Concepts, Practice
Quizzes, and Case-Based Scenarios for
Effective Learning
A nurse is preparing an adolescent for a lumbar puncture. Which action should the nurse take?
A- Place a cardiac monitor on the adolescent prior to the procedure
B- Apply topical analgesic cream to the site one hour prior to the procedure
C- Keep the adolescent in a semi-Fowler's position for 4 hours following the procedure
D- Restrict fluids for 2 hours following the procedure
Rationale: Applying a topical analgesic 60 minutes prior decreases pain during needle insertion.
Options A, C, and D do not address procedural pain.
A nurse is teaching parents about administering eye drops and ointment to a toddler. Which
instruction should the nurse include?
A- Apply the eye ointment within 30 minutes of your toddler awakening in the morning
B- Apply the eye ointment from the outer canthus to the inner canthus
C- Use one hand to pull the upper eyelid upward when instilling eye drops
D- Administer the eye drops 3 minutes before the ointment
Rationale: Eye drops should be given first, with a 3-minute gap before ointment to ensure both
medications are effective. Other options describe incorrect techniques or timing.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a toddler with dehydration due to diarrhea. Which
statement indicates understanding?
A- I will offer my child small amounts of fruit juice frequently
B- I will avoid giving my child solid foods until diarrhea has stopped
C- I will monitor my child's number of wet diapers
D- I will give my child polyethylene glycol daily for 7 days
Rationale: Monitoring wet diapers assesses hydration. Fruit juice and withholding foods are not
recommended; polyethylene glycol is inappropriate here.
,A nurse is collecting a sample for a sickle turbidity test in a toddler. Which action should the
nurse take?
A- Obtain a sputum specimen
B- Perform an Allen test
C- Perform a finger stick
D- Obtain a stool specimen
Rationale: Sickle turbidity testing uses a finger stick. Sputum, stool, or Allen test are unrelated.
A nurse is assessing a school-age child for peripheral edema. Which assessment confirms
edema?
A- Palpate the dorsum of the child's feet
B- Weigh the child daily
C- Assess skin turgor
D- Observe for periorbital swelling
Rationale: Palpation over bony prominences detects fluid accumulation. Weight and turgor can
provide indirect information; periorbital swelling is location-specific.
A nurse is caring for a toddler with partial-thickness burns. Which action should the nurse take?
A- Insert a nasogastric tube
B- Initiate prophylactic antibiotics
C- Cleanse the affected area with mild soap and water
D- Apply a topical corticosteroid
Rationale: Gentle cleansing removes debris and reduces infection risk. Antibiotics or
corticosteroids are not first-line; NG tube is unnecessary.
A nurse is performing hearing screenings for children. Which child should be referred for further
evaluation?
A- 18-month-old with unintelligible speech
B- 3-month-old with exaggerated startle response
C- 4-year-old who prefers playing with others
D- 8-month-old not making babbling sounds
Rationale: Lack of babbling at 7–8 months may indicate hearing impairment. Other options are
within developmental norms.
,A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a child with cystic fibrosis. Which statement should the
nurse make?
A- You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day
B- Decrease dietary fats to less than 10%
C- Give 1-gram sodium chloride tablet daily
D- Calculate carbohydrate needs based on activities
Rationale: Children with cystic fibrosis need high-calorie, high-protein diets to support growth
and lung function. Fat and sodium restrictions are incorrect.
A nurse is teaching parents of a child with celiac disease. Which food is appropriate?
A- Wheat bread
B- Vanilla malt
C- Barley soup
D- Rice pudding
Rationale: Rice pudding is gluten-free. Wheat, barley, and malt contain gluten and must be
avoided.
A nurse is teaching parents about digoxin administration for a preschooler. Which instruction
should be included?
A- Use a kitchen teaspoon
B- Brush the child's teeth after giving the medication
C- Double the next dose if missed
D- Repeat the dose if the child vomits
Rationale: Digoxin syrup is sweetened, so brushing prevents dental decay. Doubling doses or
repeating after vomiting is unsafe; kitchen teaspoons are inaccurate.
A nurse is teaching parents about oral Nystatin for oral candidiasis. Which instruction should be
included?
A- Shake the medication prior to administration
B- Provide through a straw
C- Rinse mouth immediately after
D- Mix with applesauce if disliked
Rationale: Shaking ensures even distribution. Rinsing immediately may reduce efficacy; straws
or mixing may alter delivery.
, A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for a toddler. Which expected behavior should the
nurse include?
A- Controls impulsive feelings
B- Understands right from wrong
C- Usually separated from parents for long periods
D- Expresses likes and dislikes
Rationale: Toddlers develop autonomy and assert preferences. Control and understanding of
morality develop later.
A nurse reviewing labs for a school-age child with fatigue notes: Hematocrit 28%, Hemoglobin
13.5 g, WBC 8000, Platelets 250,000. Which indicates anemia?
A- Hematocrit 28%
B- Hemoglobin 13.5 g
C- WBC 8000
D- Platelets 250,000
Rationale: Hematocrit below normal indicates anemia. Hemoglobin, WBC, and platelets are
within normal ranges.
A nurse is planning care for an infant with epidural hematoma and skull fracture. Which action
should be included?
A- Position side-lying at 0–5° angle
B- Monitor tachycardia to prevent herniation
C- Suction every 2 hours while awake
D- Implement seizure precautions
Rationale: Seizure precautions prevent injury in infants at risk. Other options do not address
seizure risk or are inaccurate positioning recommendations.
A nurse assessing a 2-week-old infant notes: excoriated scrotal area, multiple hemangiomas,
depressed posterior fontanel, substernal retractions. Which is priority to report?
A- Excoriated scrotal area
B- Multiple capillary hemangiomas
C- Depressed posterior fontanel
D- Substernal retractions
