Test Bank - Brunner and Suddarth
Chapter 41. Management of Patients
with Musculoskeletal Disorders
1. A nurse is caring for an adult patient diagnosed with a back strain. What health
education should the nurse provide to this patient?
A) Avoid lifting more than one-third of body weight without assistance.
B) Focus on using back muscles efficiently when lifting heavy objects.
C) Lift objects while holding the object a safe distance from the body.
D) Tighten the abdominal muscles and lock the knees when lifting of an object. -
answerA
Feedback:
The nurse will instruct the patient on the safe and correct way to lift objectsusing the
strong quadriceps muscles of the thighs, with minimal use of the weak back muscles.
To prevent recurrence of acute low back pain, the nurse may instruct the patient to
avoid lifting more than one-third of his weight without help. The patient should be
informed to place the feet a hip-width apart to provide a wide base of support, the
person should bend the knees, tighten the abdominal muscles, and lift the object close
to the body with a smooth motion, avoiding twisting and jerking.
2. A nurse is discussing conservative management of tendonitis with a patient. Which of
the following may be an effective approach to managing tendonitis?
A) Weight reduction
B) Use of oral opioid analgesics
C) Intermittent application of ice and heat
D) Passive range of motion exercises - answerC
Feedback:
Conservative management of tendonitis includes rest of the extremity, intermittent ice
and heat to the joint, and NSAIDs. Weight reduction may prevent future injuries but will
not relieve existing tendonitis. Range-of-motion exercises may exacerbate pain. Opioids
would not be considered a conservative treatment measure.
3. A patient presents at a clinic complaining of pain in his heel so bad that it inhibits his
ability to walk. The patient is subsequently diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. This patients
plan of care should include
what
intervention?
A) Wrapping the affected area in lambs wool or gauze to relieve pressure
B) Gently stretching the foot and the Achilles tendon
C) Wearing open-toed shoes at all times
D) Applying topical analgesic ointment to plantar surface each morning - answerB
Feedback:
, Plantar fasciitis leads to pain that is localized to the anterior medial aspect of the heel
and diminishes with gentle stretching of the foot and Achilles tendon. Dressings of any
kind are not of therapeutic benefit and analgesic ointments do not address the
pathology of the problem. Open-toed shoes are of no particular benefit.
4. A nurse is providing an educational class to a group of older adults at a community
senior center. In an effort to prevent osteoporosis, the nurse should encourage
participants to ensure that they consume the recommended adequate intake of what
nutrients? Select all that apply.
A) Vitamin B12
B) Potassium
C) Calcitonin
D) Calcium
E) Vitamin D - answerD, E
Feedback:
A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D protects against skeletal demineralization. Intake of
vitamin B12and potassium does not directly influence the risk for osteoporosis.
Calcitonin is not considered to be a dietary nutrient.
5. A nurse is providing a class on osteoporosis at the local seniors center. Which of the
following statements related to osteoporosis is most accurate?
A) Osteoporosis is categorized as a disease of the elderly.
B) A nonmodifiable risk factor for osteoporosis is a persons level of activity.
C) Secondary osteoporosis occurs in women after menopause.
D) Slow discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy can halt the progression of the
osteoporosis. - answerD
Feedback:
When corticosteroid therapy is discontinued, the progression of osteoporosis is halted,
but restoration of lost bone mass does not occur. Osteoporosis is not a disease of the
elderly because its onset occurs earlier in life, when bone mass peaks and then begins
to decline. A persons level of physical activity is a modifiable factor that influences peak
bone mass. Lack of activity increases the risk for the development of osteoporosis.
Primary osteoporosis occurs in women after menopause.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient with osteomalacia about the role of diet. What would be
the best choice for breakfast for a patient with osteomalacia?
A) Cereal with milk, a scrambled egg, and grapefruit
B) Poached eggs with sausage and toast
C) Waffles with fresh strawberries and powdered sugar
D) A bagel topped with butter and jam with a side dish of grapes - answerA
Feedback:
The best meal option is the one that contains the highest dietary sources of calcium and
vitamin D. The best selection among those listed is cereal with milk, and eggs, as these
foods contain calcium and vitamin D in a higher quantity over the other menu options.
Chapter 41. Management of Patients
with Musculoskeletal Disorders
1. A nurse is caring for an adult patient diagnosed with a back strain. What health
education should the nurse provide to this patient?
A) Avoid lifting more than one-third of body weight without assistance.
B) Focus on using back muscles efficiently when lifting heavy objects.
C) Lift objects while holding the object a safe distance from the body.
D) Tighten the abdominal muscles and lock the knees when lifting of an object. -
answerA
Feedback:
The nurse will instruct the patient on the safe and correct way to lift objectsusing the
strong quadriceps muscles of the thighs, with minimal use of the weak back muscles.
To prevent recurrence of acute low back pain, the nurse may instruct the patient to
avoid lifting more than one-third of his weight without help. The patient should be
informed to place the feet a hip-width apart to provide a wide base of support, the
person should bend the knees, tighten the abdominal muscles, and lift the object close
to the body with a smooth motion, avoiding twisting and jerking.
2. A nurse is discussing conservative management of tendonitis with a patient. Which of
the following may be an effective approach to managing tendonitis?
A) Weight reduction
B) Use of oral opioid analgesics
C) Intermittent application of ice and heat
D) Passive range of motion exercises - answerC
Feedback:
Conservative management of tendonitis includes rest of the extremity, intermittent ice
and heat to the joint, and NSAIDs. Weight reduction may prevent future injuries but will
not relieve existing tendonitis. Range-of-motion exercises may exacerbate pain. Opioids
would not be considered a conservative treatment measure.
3. A patient presents at a clinic complaining of pain in his heel so bad that it inhibits his
ability to walk. The patient is subsequently diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. This patients
plan of care should include
what
intervention?
A) Wrapping the affected area in lambs wool or gauze to relieve pressure
B) Gently stretching the foot and the Achilles tendon
C) Wearing open-toed shoes at all times
D) Applying topical analgesic ointment to plantar surface each morning - answerB
Feedback:
, Plantar fasciitis leads to pain that is localized to the anterior medial aspect of the heel
and diminishes with gentle stretching of the foot and Achilles tendon. Dressings of any
kind are not of therapeutic benefit and analgesic ointments do not address the
pathology of the problem. Open-toed shoes are of no particular benefit.
4. A nurse is providing an educational class to a group of older adults at a community
senior center. In an effort to prevent osteoporosis, the nurse should encourage
participants to ensure that they consume the recommended adequate intake of what
nutrients? Select all that apply.
A) Vitamin B12
B) Potassium
C) Calcitonin
D) Calcium
E) Vitamin D - answerD, E
Feedback:
A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D protects against skeletal demineralization. Intake of
vitamin B12and potassium does not directly influence the risk for osteoporosis.
Calcitonin is not considered to be a dietary nutrient.
5. A nurse is providing a class on osteoporosis at the local seniors center. Which of the
following statements related to osteoporosis is most accurate?
A) Osteoporosis is categorized as a disease of the elderly.
B) A nonmodifiable risk factor for osteoporosis is a persons level of activity.
C) Secondary osteoporosis occurs in women after menopause.
D) Slow discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy can halt the progression of the
osteoporosis. - answerD
Feedback:
When corticosteroid therapy is discontinued, the progression of osteoporosis is halted,
but restoration of lost bone mass does not occur. Osteoporosis is not a disease of the
elderly because its onset occurs earlier in life, when bone mass peaks and then begins
to decline. A persons level of physical activity is a modifiable factor that influences peak
bone mass. Lack of activity increases the risk for the development of osteoporosis.
Primary osteoporosis occurs in women after menopause.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient with osteomalacia about the role of diet. What would be
the best choice for breakfast for a patient with osteomalacia?
A) Cereal with milk, a scrambled egg, and grapefruit
B) Poached eggs with sausage and toast
C) Waffles with fresh strawberries and powdered sugar
D) A bagel topped with butter and jam with a side dish of grapes - answerA
Feedback:
The best meal option is the one that contains the highest dietary sources of calcium and
vitamin D. The best selection among those listed is cereal with milk, and eggs, as these
foods contain calcium and vitamin D in a higher quantity over the other menu options.
