390 exam 2 Question and answers
already passed 2025/2026
A researcher controls the risk of a Type I error by:
A.setting the level of significance.
B.using the appropriate sampling distribution.
C.computing confidence intervals rather than using hypothesis testing.
D.selecting a sufficiently large sample. - correct answer ✔A.setting the level of significance.
A researcher tested the effects of prenatal yoga on the mean stress levels of 100 pregnant women at
three points in time—at baseline and at two points of follow-up. Which statistical procedure did the
researcher likely use?
A.Paired t-test
B.Repeated measures ANOVA
C.Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
D.Chi-squared test - correct answer ✔B.Repeated measures ANOVA
For those interpreting statistical results, confidence intervals (CIs) provide what information?
A.The range of the measured values in the sample reported in the research report
B.The range of values within which the population value probably lies
C.The probability that the results were obtained in error
D.The likelihood that the results will be useful in practice - correct answer ✔B.The range of values
within which the population value probably lies
It is important that researchers adopt rigorous study methods in an effort to eliminate:
A.biases.
,B.the need for a CONSORT flow chart.
C.inferences.
D.the rejection of null hypothesis. - correct answer ✔Biases
The results section of a quantitative research article summarizes results of the:
A.measurement plan.
B.study conclusions.
C.statistical analyses.
D.interpretation of study findings. - correct answer ✔C.statistical analyses.
What is a central purpose of a diagram advocated in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials
(CONSORT)?
A.To document the flow of people into and out of a study sample
B.To chart the flow of the researcher's methodological decisions
C.To summarize results from statistical analyses
D.To document the progression of research activities in a study - correct answer ✔A.To document the
flow of people into and out of a study sample
A team of nurse researchers sent surveys to a sample of 300 students at the University of Connecticut by
e-mail and received 154 completed surveys. Which of the following is most likely to have been the
researchers' population construct?
A.College students in the United States
B.Cooperative students at the University of Connecticut
C.Public universities in the United States
D.Nursing students in the United States - correct answer ✔A.College students in the United States
Which of the following is an important research precept?
, A.Correlation does not prove causation.
B.Study results can prove that hypotheses are correct.
C.Study results can prove that hypotheses are incorrect.
D.Causation does not prove a correlation. - correct answer ✔A.Correlation does not prove causation.
A nurse researcher reported that, for scores on a 12-item scale of empathy, (X with line over it) = 43.
What does the symbol represent?
A.A mean
B.An effect size
C.Total sample size
D.An individual score - correct answer ✔Mean
A nurse researcher tested the effectiveness of a foot massage on geriatric patients' pain levels. One
study participant, Mr. Evans, had a pain score of 80 (on a scale from 0 to 100) before the massage and a
pain score of 65 at follow-up. What would a score of 15 for Mr. Evans be called?
A.His score at the next follow-up
B.His change score
C.His baseline score
D.His targeted score - correct answer ✔change score
In analyzing scores on an anxiety scale, a nurse researcher found the scores were distributed from 62 to
98 in the research sample. What is the range?
A.36
B.98
C.62
D.160 - correct answer ✔36
already passed 2025/2026
A researcher controls the risk of a Type I error by:
A.setting the level of significance.
B.using the appropriate sampling distribution.
C.computing confidence intervals rather than using hypothesis testing.
D.selecting a sufficiently large sample. - correct answer ✔A.setting the level of significance.
A researcher tested the effects of prenatal yoga on the mean stress levels of 100 pregnant women at
three points in time—at baseline and at two points of follow-up. Which statistical procedure did the
researcher likely use?
A.Paired t-test
B.Repeated measures ANOVA
C.Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
D.Chi-squared test - correct answer ✔B.Repeated measures ANOVA
For those interpreting statistical results, confidence intervals (CIs) provide what information?
A.The range of the measured values in the sample reported in the research report
B.The range of values within which the population value probably lies
C.The probability that the results were obtained in error
D.The likelihood that the results will be useful in practice - correct answer ✔B.The range of values
within which the population value probably lies
It is important that researchers adopt rigorous study methods in an effort to eliminate:
A.biases.
,B.the need for a CONSORT flow chart.
C.inferences.
D.the rejection of null hypothesis. - correct answer ✔Biases
The results section of a quantitative research article summarizes results of the:
A.measurement plan.
B.study conclusions.
C.statistical analyses.
D.interpretation of study findings. - correct answer ✔C.statistical analyses.
What is a central purpose of a diagram advocated in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials
(CONSORT)?
A.To document the flow of people into and out of a study sample
B.To chart the flow of the researcher's methodological decisions
C.To summarize results from statistical analyses
D.To document the progression of research activities in a study - correct answer ✔A.To document the
flow of people into and out of a study sample
A team of nurse researchers sent surveys to a sample of 300 students at the University of Connecticut by
e-mail and received 154 completed surveys. Which of the following is most likely to have been the
researchers' population construct?
A.College students in the United States
B.Cooperative students at the University of Connecticut
C.Public universities in the United States
D.Nursing students in the United States - correct answer ✔A.College students in the United States
Which of the following is an important research precept?
, A.Correlation does not prove causation.
B.Study results can prove that hypotheses are correct.
C.Study results can prove that hypotheses are incorrect.
D.Causation does not prove a correlation. - correct answer ✔A.Correlation does not prove causation.
A nurse researcher reported that, for scores on a 12-item scale of empathy, (X with line over it) = 43.
What does the symbol represent?
A.A mean
B.An effect size
C.Total sample size
D.An individual score - correct answer ✔Mean
A nurse researcher tested the effectiveness of a foot massage on geriatric patients' pain levels. One
study participant, Mr. Evans, had a pain score of 80 (on a scale from 0 to 100) before the massage and a
pain score of 65 at follow-up. What would a score of 15 for Mr. Evans be called?
A.His score at the next follow-up
B.His change score
C.His baseline score
D.His targeted score - correct answer ✔change score
In analyzing scores on an anxiety scale, a nurse researcher found the scores were distributed from 62 to
98 in the research sample. What is the range?
A.36
B.98
C.62
D.160 - correct answer ✔36
