Pharm 5001 Pharmacodynamics Quiz 1 {2020} - St. George's University | Pharm 5001 Pharmacodynamics Quiz 1 - A Grade

1 QUIZ 1 PHARMACODYNAMICS Dr Leonardo Dasso Spring Term 20172 Log [Dose] Heart rate Drug A Drug B Drug C 1. Drugs A, B, and C bind selectively to β1 adrenoceptors. The figure below shows a dose-response curve for the three drugs acting at cardiac β1 adrenoceptors. The data presented in the figure shows that A. B. C. D. E. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% A. Drugs A and B have equal efficacy B. Drugs A and B have equal potency C. Drug C has higher potency than Drug A D. Drug C is a full agonist E. Drug B is an antagonist3 Log [Dose] Heart rate Drug A Drug B Drug C 1. Drugs A, B, and C bind selectively to β1 adrenoceptors. The figure below shows a dose-response curve for the three drugs acting at cardiac β1 adrenoceptors. The data presented in the figure shows that A. B. C. D. E. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% A. Drugs A and B have equal efficacy B. Drugs A and B have equal potency C. Drug C has higher potency than Drug A D. Drug C is a full agonist E. Drug B is an antagonist4 2. A team of pharmacologists is studying the pharmacodynamic properties of 5 new muscarinic receptor agonists. They apply each of the drugs to an isolated guinea pig ileum preparation and measure the magnitude of the contraction evoked by the drug. The picture shows the 5 dose-response curves. Which of the drugs displays the highest efficacy? A. B. C. D. E. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Log Drug concentration % Response A B C D E5 2. A team of pharmacologists is studying the pharmacodynamic properties of 5 new muscarinic receptor agonists. They apply each of the drugs to an isolated guinea pig ileum preparation and measure the magnitude of the contraction evoked by the drug. The picture shows the 5 dose-response curves. Which of the drugs displays the highest efficacy? A. B. C. D. E. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Log Drug concentration % Response A B C D E6 3. A pharmacologist is studying the effects of two new drugs, Drug A and Drug B, on gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction. Both drugs bind to the M3 receptor with high affinity. The picture shows the results of the experiments. From these results we can conclude that Drug B is a(n) A. Full agonist B. Partial agonist C. Competitive antagonist D. Noncompetitive antagonist E. Inverse agonist Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B7 3. A pharmacologist is studying the effects of two new drugs, Drug A and Drug B, on gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction. Both drugs bind to the M3 receptor with high affinity. The picture shows the results of the experiments. From these results we can conclude that Drug B is a(n) A. Full agonist B. Partial agonist C. Competitive antagonist D. Noncompetitive antagonist E. Inverse agonist Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B8 4. The effects of four new drugs on GI smooth muscle contraction are being studied. The four drugs show high affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor.The picture shows the results of the experiments. Which one displays the highest potency? A. Drug A B. Drug B C. Drug C D. Drug D E. Drug E Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B Drug C Drug D Drug E9 4. The effects of four new drugs on GI smooth muscle contraction are being studied. The four drugs show high affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor.The picture shows the results of the experiments. Which one displays the highest potency? A. Drug A B. Drug B C. Drug C D. Drug D E. Drug E Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B Drug C Drug D Drug E10 5. The effects of four new drugs on gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction are being studied. The four drugs show high affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor.The picture shows the results of the experiments. Which one is a partial agonist? A. Drug A B. Drug B C. Drug C D. Drug D E. Drug E Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B Drug C Drug D Drug E11 5. The effects of four new drugs on gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction are being studied. The four drugs show high affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor.The picture shows the results of the experiments. Which one is a partial agonist? A. Drug A B. Drug B C. Drug C D. Drug D E. Drug E Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B Drug C Drug D Drug E12 6. The effects of four new drugs on gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction are being studied. The four drugs show high affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor.The picture shows the results of the experiments. Which one is an antagonist? A. Drug A B. Drug B C. Drug C D. Drug D E. Drug E Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B Drug C Drug D Drug E13 6. The effects of four new drugs on gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction are being studied. The four drugs show high affinity for the M3 muscarinic receptor.The picture shows the results of the experiments. Which one is an antagonist? A. Drug A B. Drug B C. Drug C D. Drug D E. Drug E Log Drug Concentration % Response Drug A Drug B Drug C Drug D Drug E14 7. A 35-year-old man is diagnosed with HIV. He is started on an antiretroviral regimen. His antiretroviral regimen includes efavirenz. Efavirenz binds irreversibly to a site other than the active site of the reverse transcriptase enzyme. Efavirenz thus prevents RNA binding to the catalytic site of the enzyme. In the light of these data efavirenz can be be classified as a(n) A. Reversible competitive antagonist B. Irreversible competitive antagonist C. Allosteric antagonist D. Physiological antagonist E. Chemical antagonist15 7. A 35-year-old man is diagnosed with HIV. He is started on an antiretroviral regimen. His antiretroviral regimen includes efavirenz. Efavirenz binds irreversibly to a site other than the active site of the reverse transcriptase enzyme. Efavirenz thus prevents RNA binding to the catalytic site of the enzyme. In the light of these data efavirenz can be be classified as a(n) A. Reversible competitive antagonist B. Irreversible competitive antagonist C. Allosteric antagonist D. Physiological antagonist E. Chemical antagonist16 8. Drug A is a full agonist at beta 1 receptors. The figure shows the dose response curve for Drug A alone and for Drug A in the presence of a fixed amount of other drugs, acting on beta 1 receptors. Which of the dose-response curves shown represents the effects of Drug A in the presence of a reversible competitive antagonist? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Log Drug concentration % Response A B C D E17 8. Drug A is a full agonist at beta 1 receptors. The figure shows the dose response curve for Drug A alone and for Drug A in the presence of a fixed amount of other drugs, acting on beta 1 receptors. Which of the dose-response curves shown represents the effects of Drug A in the presence of a reversible competitive antagonist? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Log Drug concentration % Response A B C D E[Drug] (µM) 100 50 0.1 1 10 100 25 75 [Drug] (µM) 100 50 0.1 1 10 100 25 75 Bound (%) Effect (%) 18 9. A new muscarinic receptor agonist is being studied. Increasing concentrations of the drug are applied to a in vitro preparation of guinea pig ileum and a dose-response curve is constructed. A receptor binding curve for the drug is also performed. The data are shown in the figure. Based on the data shown, what is the approximate receptor occupancy required to evoke the half maximal effect of this drug? A. 1% B. 10% C. 25% D. 50% E. 100%[Drug] (µM) 100 50 0.1 1 10 100 25 75 [Drug] (µM) 100 50 0.1 1 10 100 25 75 Bound (%) Effect (%) 19 9. A new muscarinic receptor agonist is being studied. Increasing concentrations of the drug are applied to a in vitro preparation of guinea pig ileum and a dose-response curve is constructed. A receptor binding curve for the drug is also performed. The data are shown in the figure. Based on the data shown, what is the approximate receptor occupancy required to evoke the half maximal effect of this drug? A. 1% B. 10% C. 25% D. 50% E. 100%20 10. The pharmacodynamic properties of a new alpha 1 agonist, Drug A, are studied. The graph shows the effect of Drug A on the contractile force of an in vitro preparation of vascular smooth muscle. The addition of a fixed concentration of Drug B alters the dose response curve of Drug A as shown. Drug B alone has no effect on smooth muscle. Drug B binds reversibly to the same receptor as Drug A. Which of the following describes Drug B? A. Partial agonist B. Competitive antagonist C. Non-competitive antagonist D. Full agonist E. Physiological antagonist Log [Drug A] % Effect 100 50 Drug A Drug A in the presence of Drug B21 10. The pharmacodynamic properties of a new alpha 1 agonist, Drug A, are studied. The graph shows the effect of Drug A on the contractile force of an in vitro preparation of vascular smooth muscle. The addition of a fixed concentration of Drug B alters the dose response curve of Drug A as shown. Drug B alone has no effect on smooth muscle. Drug B binds reversibly to the same receptor as Drug A. Which of the following describes Drug B? A. Partial agonist B. Competitive antagonist C. Non-competitive antagonist D. Full agonist E. Physiological antagonist Log [Drug A] % Effect 100 50 Drug A Drug A in the presence of Drug B22 11. Five new antihypertensive drugs are tested in human volunteers. The results are given in the table. ED50 is measured in mg/kg. Which of the drugs has the highest efficacy? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Drug ED50 (mg/Kg) Maximum reduction in Mean Arterial Pressure (mm Hg) A 0.013 7 B 0.03 10 C 0.24 9 D 1.5 15 E 25.5 1223 11. Five new antihypertensive drugs are tested in human volunteers. The results are given in the table. ED50 is measured in mg/kg. Which of the drugs has the highest efficacy? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Drug ED50 (mg/Kg) Maximum reduction in Mean Arterial Pressure (mm Hg) A 0.013 7 B 0.03 10 C 0.24 9 D 1.5 15 E 25.5 1224 12. The effects of a novel general anesthetic were tested in a group of rats. From the results obtained the ED50, TD50 and LD50 were determined. Which of the following statements is correct? A. The therapeutic index is ~10 B. The therapeutic index is ~ 100 C. The ED50 is 10 mg/kg D. The TD50 is 10 mg/kg E. The LD50 is a 30 mg/kg Dose (mg/Kg) % Responding 100 50 0.1 0.3 1 3 10 30 100 25 75 Therapeutic effect Toxic effect Lethal effect25 12. The effects of a novel general anesthetic were tested in a group of rats. From the results obtained the ED50, TD50 and LD50 were determined. Which of the following statements is correct? A. The therapeutic index is ~10 B. The therapeutic index is ~ 100 C. The ED50 is 10 mg/kg D. The TD50 is 10 mg/kg E. The LD50 is a 30 mg/kg Dose (mg/Kg) % Responding 100 50 0.1 0.3 1 3 10 30 100 25 75 Therapeutic effect Toxic effect Lethal effect26 13. Which of the following statements would suggest the presence of spare receptors? A. The drug-receptor binding curve lies to the left of the dose-response curve. B. The EC50 of the drug is lower than the KD of the drug. C. A maximal agonist response does not occur even with 100% receptor occupancy. D. A full agonist's dose-response curve is shifted to the right in the presence of a competitive antagonist. E. A full agonist's dose-response curve is shifted to the right in the presence of a partial agonist.27 13. Which of the following statements would suggest the presence of spare receptors? A. The drug-receptor binding curve lies to the left of the dose-response curve. B. The EC50 of the drug is lower than the KD of the drug. C. A maximal agonist response does not occur even with 100% receptor occupancy. D. A full agonist's dose-response curve is shifted to the right in the presence of a competitive antagonist. E. A full agonist's dose-response curve is shifted to the right in the presence of a partial agonist.28 14. Five new β2 receptor agonists are being tested and compared for potency and efficacy with isoproterenol, a full agonist at β2 receptors. The five new drugs bind selectively and with high affinity to β2 receptors. The figure shows a dose response curve for isoproterenol and the 5 new drugs acting on β2 receptors. Which of the new 5 drugs is the most potent partial agonist? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Log Drug concentration % Response A B C D E Isoproterenol29 14. Five new β2 receptor agonists are being tested and compared for potency and efficacy with isoproterenol, a full agonist at β2 receptors. The five new drugs bind selectively and with high affinity to β2 receptors. The figure shows a dose response curve for isoproterenol and the 5 new drugs acting on β2 receptors. Which of the new 5 drugs is the most potent partial agonist? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E Log Drug concentration % Response A B C D E Isoproterenol30 15. Glucagon is a hormone that binds to Gs-coupled glucagon receptors in the heart causing a significant increase in myocardial contractility. It can be used as an antidote to counteract the decrease in myocardial contractility caused by a toxic dose of a β blocker. Which of the following terms best defines the antagonism between glucagon and β blockers? A. Chemical B. Reversible Competitive C. Physiological D. Allosteric E. Irreversible competitive31 15. Glucagon is a hormone that binds to Gs-coupled glucagon receptors in the heart causing a significant increase in myocardial contractility. It can be used as an antidote to counteract the decrease in myocardial contractility caused by a toxic dose of a β blocker. Which of the following terms best defines the antagonism between glucagon and β blockers? A. Chemical B. Reversible Competitive C. Physiological D. Allosteric E. Irreversible competitive32 16. A 47-year-old man with essential hypertension is prescribed an α1 adrenergic antagonist. Which of the following signalling molecules would most likely be decreased in this patient's vascular smooth muscle during this treatment? A. cAMP B. cGMP C. IP3 D. PGE2 E. PGI233 16. A 47-year-old man with essential hypertension is prescribed an α1 adrenergic antagonist. Which of the following signalling molecules would most likely be decreased in this patient's vascular smooth muscle during this treatment? A. cAMP B. cGMP C. IP3 D. PGE2 E. PGI234 THE END