Exam 3 PowerPoint Questions (Ch. 56, 57, 59, 61, 62) – Complete
Nursing Study Guide with Key Concepts, Lecture Notes, and
Practice Questions with Correct Answers||Graded A+
A patient has recently been placed on corticosteroids as treatment for
ulcerative colitis. The nurse should monitor the patient's laboratory
results for evidence of which condition?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyperglycemia - Answer-: D
Rationale: Long-term adverse effects that commonly occur with
steroid therapy include hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer
disease, and increased risk for infection.
What priority laboratory analysis should the nurse review when caring
for a patient with Crohn's disease?
A. Potassium
B. Hemoglobin
C. Serum albumin
D. C-reactive protein - Answer-: B
Rationale: Crohn's disease presents as transmural inflammation that
causes a thickened bowel wall, strictures, and deep ulcerations that
result in severe diarrhea and malabsorption of vital nutrients. Anemia
is common, usually from iron deficiency or malabsorption issues. C-
reactive protein may be monitored as a marker of inflammation,
albumin to assess nutritional status, and potassium related to losses
from diarrhea.
Which is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with primary
adrenal cortex dysfunction?
A. Weigh the patient daily.
pg. 1
,B. Closely measure fluid intake and output.
C. Provide emotional support during stressful situations.
D. Monitor vital signs and the patient's physiologic response to stress.
- Answer: D
Rationale: The adrenal cortex makes up about 90% of the adrenal
gland. Hormones secreted from the adrenal cortex are responsible for
fluid and electrolyte balance, stress response, metabolism of nutrients,
and emotional and sex hormone responses. Priority nursing
interventions with adrenal cortex dysfunction focus on the negative
feedback mechanisms of aldosterone and cortisol.
Which finding should alert the nurse to perform a more detailed
assessment of the patient's endocrine system?
A. Fatigue
B. Weight gain
C. Poor peripheral pulses
D. Changes in hair texture and distribution -Answer: D
Rationale: Changes in physical appearance can reflect an endocrine
problem. Obvious changes identified during the physical assessment
include hair texture and distribution, facial contours and eye
protrusion, voice quality, body proportions, and secondary sexual
characteristics. Changes in weight and fatigue may also be associated
with endocrine disorders as well as other conditions. Poor peripheral
pulses are more likely associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Which does the nurse recognize as a possible outcome for the patient
experiencing an age-related decrease in antidiuretic hormone?
A. Diluted urine and dehydration
B. Yeast infection and polydipsia
C. Greater-than-ideal body weight
D. Constipation, lethargy, and dry skin - Answer-: A
pg. 2
, Rationale: These are symptoms that result from an age-related
decrease in antidiuretic hormone. The other symptoms listed are not.
The patient is a 21-year-old who has recently been diagnosed with
ulcerative colitis (UC). In the ED, she tells the nurse that she has been
having 7 to 8 bloody stools daily. Upon assessment, the nurse finds
that her heart rate is 120/min, and she has abdominal pain upon
palpation. Laboratory results show a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL.
How is the severity of the patient's ulcerative colitis categorized?
A. Mild
B. Severe
C. Moderate
D. Fulminant - Answer-: B
Severe UC presents with greater than 6 bloody stools daily and may
include fever, tachycardia, anemia, abdominal pain, and an elevated
C-reactive protein and/or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
The patient is a 21-year-old who has recently been diagnosed with
ulcerative colitis (UC). In the ED, she tells the nurse that she has been
having 7 to 8 bloody stools daily. Upon assessment, the nurse finds
that her heart rate is 120/min, and she has abdominal pain upon
palpation. Laboratory results show a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL.
The patient is admitted to the acute medical unit. Which medication
would the nurse question?
A. Ibuprofen (Motrin)
B. Mesalamine (Asacol)
C. Prednisone (Deltasone)
D. Loperamide (Imodium) - Answer-: A
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID); NSAIDs
increase the risk for bleeding.
pg. 3
Nursing Study Guide with Key Concepts, Lecture Notes, and
Practice Questions with Correct Answers||Graded A+
A patient has recently been placed on corticosteroids as treatment for
ulcerative colitis. The nurse should monitor the patient's laboratory
results for evidence of which condition?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyperglycemia - Answer-: D
Rationale: Long-term adverse effects that commonly occur with
steroid therapy include hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer
disease, and increased risk for infection.
What priority laboratory analysis should the nurse review when caring
for a patient with Crohn's disease?
A. Potassium
B. Hemoglobin
C. Serum albumin
D. C-reactive protein - Answer-: B
Rationale: Crohn's disease presents as transmural inflammation that
causes a thickened bowel wall, strictures, and deep ulcerations that
result in severe diarrhea and malabsorption of vital nutrients. Anemia
is common, usually from iron deficiency or malabsorption issues. C-
reactive protein may be monitored as a marker of inflammation,
albumin to assess nutritional status, and potassium related to losses
from diarrhea.
Which is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with primary
adrenal cortex dysfunction?
A. Weigh the patient daily.
pg. 1
,B. Closely measure fluid intake and output.
C. Provide emotional support during stressful situations.
D. Monitor vital signs and the patient's physiologic response to stress.
- Answer: D
Rationale: The adrenal cortex makes up about 90% of the adrenal
gland. Hormones secreted from the adrenal cortex are responsible for
fluid and electrolyte balance, stress response, metabolism of nutrients,
and emotional and sex hormone responses. Priority nursing
interventions with adrenal cortex dysfunction focus on the negative
feedback mechanisms of aldosterone and cortisol.
Which finding should alert the nurse to perform a more detailed
assessment of the patient's endocrine system?
A. Fatigue
B. Weight gain
C. Poor peripheral pulses
D. Changes in hair texture and distribution -Answer: D
Rationale: Changes in physical appearance can reflect an endocrine
problem. Obvious changes identified during the physical assessment
include hair texture and distribution, facial contours and eye
protrusion, voice quality, body proportions, and secondary sexual
characteristics. Changes in weight and fatigue may also be associated
with endocrine disorders as well as other conditions. Poor peripheral
pulses are more likely associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Which does the nurse recognize as a possible outcome for the patient
experiencing an age-related decrease in antidiuretic hormone?
A. Diluted urine and dehydration
B. Yeast infection and polydipsia
C. Greater-than-ideal body weight
D. Constipation, lethargy, and dry skin - Answer-: A
pg. 2
, Rationale: These are symptoms that result from an age-related
decrease in antidiuretic hormone. The other symptoms listed are not.
The patient is a 21-year-old who has recently been diagnosed with
ulcerative colitis (UC). In the ED, she tells the nurse that she has been
having 7 to 8 bloody stools daily. Upon assessment, the nurse finds
that her heart rate is 120/min, and she has abdominal pain upon
palpation. Laboratory results show a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL.
How is the severity of the patient's ulcerative colitis categorized?
A. Mild
B. Severe
C. Moderate
D. Fulminant - Answer-: B
Severe UC presents with greater than 6 bloody stools daily and may
include fever, tachycardia, anemia, abdominal pain, and an elevated
C-reactive protein and/or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
The patient is a 21-year-old who has recently been diagnosed with
ulcerative colitis (UC). In the ED, she tells the nurse that she has been
having 7 to 8 bloody stools daily. Upon assessment, the nurse finds
that her heart rate is 120/min, and she has abdominal pain upon
palpation. Laboratory results show a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL.
The patient is admitted to the acute medical unit. Which medication
would the nurse question?
A. Ibuprofen (Motrin)
B. Mesalamine (Asacol)
C. Prednisone (Deltasone)
D. Loperamide (Imodium) - Answer-: A
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID); NSAIDs
increase the risk for bleeding.
pg. 3
