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NURS 611 EXAM 4 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
(MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY) NEWEST 2025/2026 NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+|
Kussmaul respirations (hyperpnea). - ANSWER-characterized by
a
1. slightly increased ventilatory rate,
2. very large tidal volume, and
3. no expiratory pause.
Cheyne-Stokes - ANSWER-1. alternating periods of deep and
shallow breathing.
2. Apnea lasting 15 to 60 seconds
3. followed by ventilations that increase in volume, peak is
reached, after tidal volume decreases again to apnea.
4. Hyperventilation and apnea (crescendo/decrescendo)
5. result from any condition that slows the blood flow to the
brainstem, which in turn slows impulses sending information to
the respiratory centers of the brainstem.
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6. Hyperventilatory response to CO2 stim
Hypoventilation - ANSWER-1. inadequate alveolar ventilation in
relation to metabolic demands.
2. caused by alterations in pulmonary mechanics or in the
neurologic control of breathing such that minute volume (tidal
volume × respiratory rate) is reduced.
3. CO2 removal does not keep up with CO2 production and
PaCO2 increases,
4. causing hypercapnia (PaCO2 greater than 44 mmHg).
5. Causes increase in hydrogen ion in the blood=respiratory
acidosis
Hyperventilation - ANSWER-1. Response to hypoxemia, anxiety,
pain.
2. lungs remove CO2 at a faster rate than it is produced by
cellular metabolism
3. results in decreased PaCO2 or hypocapnia (PaCO2 less than
36 mmHg).
4. Hypocapnia = respiratory alkalosis
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Tuberculosis - ANSWER-1. highly contagious
2. airborne droplets
3. immunocompetent individuals, the microorganism usually is
contained by the inflammatory and immune response systems
TB diagnosis - ANSWER-1. positive tuberculin skin test (TST;
purified protein derivative [PPD]),
2. sputum culture: takes up to 6 weeks
3. immunoassays, and
4. chest radiographs: current or previous active disease
demonstrate characteristic changes are commonly are seen in the
upper lobes..
a. Nodules,
b. calcifications,
c. cavities, and
d. hilar enlargement (enlarged mediastinal
lymph nodes)
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Positive TB skin test - ANSWER-1. indicates the need for yearly
chest radiographs to detect active disease.
2. does not differentiate between past, latent, or active forms of
the disease.
3. individuals who have received the vaccine with bacille
Calmette-Guérin (BCG) will have a positive test even if they have
never had ___________
3. Aging Normal physiologic (developmental and degenerative)
changes - ANSWER-(1) loss of elastic recoil,
(2) stiffening of the chest wall,
(3) changes in gas exchange, and
(4) increases in flow resistance.
Respiratory aging influences - ANSWER-1. gradual and usually
without adverse consequences in healthy individuals.
2. environmental factors
3. sociocultural factors,
4. nutritional status,
5. respiratory disease,
NURS 611 EXAM 4 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
(MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY) NEWEST 2025/2026 NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+|
Kussmaul respirations (hyperpnea). - ANSWER-characterized by
a
1. slightly increased ventilatory rate,
2. very large tidal volume, and
3. no expiratory pause.
Cheyne-Stokes - ANSWER-1. alternating periods of deep and
shallow breathing.
2. Apnea lasting 15 to 60 seconds
3. followed by ventilations that increase in volume, peak is
reached, after tidal volume decreases again to apnea.
4. Hyperventilation and apnea (crescendo/decrescendo)
5. result from any condition that slows the blood flow to the
brainstem, which in turn slows impulses sending information to
the respiratory centers of the brainstem.
, Page |2
6. Hyperventilatory response to CO2 stim
Hypoventilation - ANSWER-1. inadequate alveolar ventilation in
relation to metabolic demands.
2. caused by alterations in pulmonary mechanics or in the
neurologic control of breathing such that minute volume (tidal
volume × respiratory rate) is reduced.
3. CO2 removal does not keep up with CO2 production and
PaCO2 increases,
4. causing hypercapnia (PaCO2 greater than 44 mmHg).
5. Causes increase in hydrogen ion in the blood=respiratory
acidosis
Hyperventilation - ANSWER-1. Response to hypoxemia, anxiety,
pain.
2. lungs remove CO2 at a faster rate than it is produced by
cellular metabolism
3. results in decreased PaCO2 or hypocapnia (PaCO2 less than
36 mmHg).
4. Hypocapnia = respiratory alkalosis
, Page |3
Tuberculosis - ANSWER-1. highly contagious
2. airborne droplets
3. immunocompetent individuals, the microorganism usually is
contained by the inflammatory and immune response systems
TB diagnosis - ANSWER-1. positive tuberculin skin test (TST;
purified protein derivative [PPD]),
2. sputum culture: takes up to 6 weeks
3. immunoassays, and
4. chest radiographs: current or previous active disease
demonstrate characteristic changes are commonly are seen in the
upper lobes..
a. Nodules,
b. calcifications,
c. cavities, and
d. hilar enlargement (enlarged mediastinal
lymph nodes)
, Page |4
Positive TB skin test - ANSWER-1. indicates the need for yearly
chest radiographs to detect active disease.
2. does not differentiate between past, latent, or active forms of
the disease.
3. individuals who have received the vaccine with bacille
Calmette-Guérin (BCG) will have a positive test even if they have
never had ___________
3. Aging Normal physiologic (developmental and degenerative)
changes - ANSWER-(1) loss of elastic recoil,
(2) stiffening of the chest wall,
(3) changes in gas exchange, and
(4) increases in flow resistance.
Respiratory aging influences - ANSWER-1. gradual and usually
without adverse consequences in healthy individuals.
2. environmental factors
3. sociocultural factors,
4. nutritional status,
5. respiratory disease,
