NUR198 Exam 2 QUESTIONS WELL
ANSWERED ALREADY PASSED
COPD pathophysiology - correct answer ✔✔ - slowly progressive disorder in which the distal
airspaces enlarge and lungs become hyperinflated
- chronic inflammation may follow the development of COPD
COPD risk factors/ causes - correct answer ✔✔ - tobacco smoke
- secondhand smoke
- increased age
- occupational exposure
- air pollution
- genetic abnormalities
- destruction of lung tissue
COPD clinical manifestations - correct answer ✔✔ chronic cough
sputum production
worse in the morning
dyspnea
weight loss
"barrel chest"
bronchospasm
hyper-resonance
typical posture of a person with COPD - correct answer ✔✔ tripod position
,- bracing of arms on both legs
- lowers diaphragm and open lung space to decrease shortness of breath
COPD complications - correct answer ✔✔ ○ Respiratory insufficiency and failure
○ Pneumonia
○ Chronic atelectasis (collapse of lung/s)
○ Pneumothorax- mucus production, inflammation, barrel chest
○ Cor pulmonale (right sided heart failure)
COPD management - correct answer ✔✔ - smoking cessation
- reduce risk factors
- managing exacerbations
- supplement oxygen
- pneumococcal vaccine
- influenza vaccine
- pulmonary rehabilitation
- ambulating
COPD medications - correct answer ✔✔ - bronchodilators
- anticholinergics
- corticosteroids
-antibiotics
- mucolytics
- antitussives
,COPD nursing management - correct answer ✔✔ ○ Assessing the patient: obtain history, review
diagnostic tests
○ Achieving airway clearance
○ Improving breathing patterns
○ Improving activity tolerance, ADL
○ MDI patient education
○ pursed lip breathing technique: lengthens expiration to decreased chronic air trapping
bronchospasm - correct answer ✔✔ spasmodic contraction of the bronchi due to inflamed,
constriction of airway
- seen in asthma, COPD, bronchitis, allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis
what relieves bronchospasm? - correct answer ✔✔ bronchodilators, Beta-2
albuterol
pursed lip breathing technique - correct answer ✔✔ While sitting upright, the patient inhales
through the nose while counting to three, then exhales slowly and evenly against pursed lips
while tightening the abdominal muscles
lengthens expiration to decreased chronic air trapping
A client is taking albuterol for a COPD exacerbation. Which adverse effects are frequently seen
with this medication? - correct answer ✔✔ tremors
tachycardia
palpations
jitteriness
agitation
, A client is starting prednisone for the treatment of a COPD exacerbation. Which are possible
adverse effects that require monitoring? (Select all that apply) - correct answer ✔✔
hypokalemia
bradycardia
peripheral edema
peptic ulcer
true or false: A client with COPD has trouble getting air in? - correct answer ✔✔ false, a client
with COPD has trouble getting air out. This causes them to trap air. It is why they develop a
barrel-chest and why their FEV1 is reduced on pulmonary function studies. Would cause
respiratory acidosis.
postural drainage - correct answer ✔✔ ○ Allows the force of gravity to assist in the removal of
bronchial secretions
○ Secretions drained from the affected bronchioles into the bronchi and trachea and are
removed by coughing or suctioning
○ Usually performed 2-4 times daily (before meals and at bedtime)
true or false: Smoker are more likely to have poor airway clearance because the smoke
paralyzes the cilia. - correct answer ✔✔ true
what sound should be heard over healthy lungs on percussion? - correct answer ✔✔ resonance
- dull indicates over a organ, there's air where there shouldn't be, airless area, or fluid in the
area
Emphysema pathophysiology - correct answer ✔✔ - Irreversible enlargement of the air spaces
beyond terminal bronchioles
- destruction of the alveolar walls
- obstruction of airflow
ANSWERED ALREADY PASSED
COPD pathophysiology - correct answer ✔✔ - slowly progressive disorder in which the distal
airspaces enlarge and lungs become hyperinflated
- chronic inflammation may follow the development of COPD
COPD risk factors/ causes - correct answer ✔✔ - tobacco smoke
- secondhand smoke
- increased age
- occupational exposure
- air pollution
- genetic abnormalities
- destruction of lung tissue
COPD clinical manifestations - correct answer ✔✔ chronic cough
sputum production
worse in the morning
dyspnea
weight loss
"barrel chest"
bronchospasm
hyper-resonance
typical posture of a person with COPD - correct answer ✔✔ tripod position
,- bracing of arms on both legs
- lowers diaphragm and open lung space to decrease shortness of breath
COPD complications - correct answer ✔✔ ○ Respiratory insufficiency and failure
○ Pneumonia
○ Chronic atelectasis (collapse of lung/s)
○ Pneumothorax- mucus production, inflammation, barrel chest
○ Cor pulmonale (right sided heart failure)
COPD management - correct answer ✔✔ - smoking cessation
- reduce risk factors
- managing exacerbations
- supplement oxygen
- pneumococcal vaccine
- influenza vaccine
- pulmonary rehabilitation
- ambulating
COPD medications - correct answer ✔✔ - bronchodilators
- anticholinergics
- corticosteroids
-antibiotics
- mucolytics
- antitussives
,COPD nursing management - correct answer ✔✔ ○ Assessing the patient: obtain history, review
diagnostic tests
○ Achieving airway clearance
○ Improving breathing patterns
○ Improving activity tolerance, ADL
○ MDI patient education
○ pursed lip breathing technique: lengthens expiration to decreased chronic air trapping
bronchospasm - correct answer ✔✔ spasmodic contraction of the bronchi due to inflamed,
constriction of airway
- seen in asthma, COPD, bronchitis, allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis
what relieves bronchospasm? - correct answer ✔✔ bronchodilators, Beta-2
albuterol
pursed lip breathing technique - correct answer ✔✔ While sitting upright, the patient inhales
through the nose while counting to three, then exhales slowly and evenly against pursed lips
while tightening the abdominal muscles
lengthens expiration to decreased chronic air trapping
A client is taking albuterol for a COPD exacerbation. Which adverse effects are frequently seen
with this medication? - correct answer ✔✔ tremors
tachycardia
palpations
jitteriness
agitation
, A client is starting prednisone for the treatment of a COPD exacerbation. Which are possible
adverse effects that require monitoring? (Select all that apply) - correct answer ✔✔
hypokalemia
bradycardia
peripheral edema
peptic ulcer
true or false: A client with COPD has trouble getting air in? - correct answer ✔✔ false, a client
with COPD has trouble getting air out. This causes them to trap air. It is why they develop a
barrel-chest and why their FEV1 is reduced on pulmonary function studies. Would cause
respiratory acidosis.
postural drainage - correct answer ✔✔ ○ Allows the force of gravity to assist in the removal of
bronchial secretions
○ Secretions drained from the affected bronchioles into the bronchi and trachea and are
removed by coughing or suctioning
○ Usually performed 2-4 times daily (before meals and at bedtime)
true or false: Smoker are more likely to have poor airway clearance because the smoke
paralyzes the cilia. - correct answer ✔✔ true
what sound should be heard over healthy lungs on percussion? - correct answer ✔✔ resonance
- dull indicates over a organ, there's air where there shouldn't be, airless area, or fluid in the
area
Emphysema pathophysiology - correct answer ✔✔ - Irreversible enlargement of the air spaces
beyond terminal bronchioles
- destruction of the alveolar walls
- obstruction of airflow
