WGU C909 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Constructivist Theory - (answer) A philosophy based on the premise that people construct their own
understanding of the world they live in through reflection on experiences.
Constructivist Theory in Practice - (answer) For example: Groups of students in a science class are
discussing a problem in physics. Though the teacher knows the "answer" to the problem, she focuses on
helping students restate their questions in useful ways. She prompts each student to reflect on and
examine his or her current knowledge. When one of the students comes up with the relevant concept,
the teacher seizes upon it, and indicates to the group that this might be a fruitful avenue for them to
explore. They design and perform relevant experiments. Afterward, the students and teacher talk about
what they have learned, and how their observations and experiments helped (or did not help) them to
better understand the concept.
Cognitive-constructivist view of reading - (answer) Aim to assist students in assimilating new
information to existing knowledge, as well as enabling them to make the appropriate accommodations
to their existing intellectual framework to accommodate that information. Ex. Because of Winn-Dixie;
from her inference, and active knowledge of the text says that people who have things in common often
become friends.
Socio-cultural theory/Ex. - (answer) Extends the influence on the cognitive-constructivist view out
from the reader and the text into the larger social realm. Learning is viewed as social rather than
individual. -Lev Vygotsky Ex. Understanding the zone of proximal development can be helpful for
teachers.
In classroom settings, teachers may first assess students to determine their current skill level. Educators
can then offer instruction that stretches the limits of each child's capabilities.
At first, the student may need assistance from an adult or a more knowledgeable peer, but eventually,
their zone of proximal development will expand. Teachers can help promote this expansion by:
Planning and organizing their instruction and lessons: For example, the teacher might organize the class
into groups where less skilled children are paired with students who have a higher skill level.
Using hints, prompts, and direct instruction to help kids improve their ability levels.
Scaffolding, where the teacher provides specific prompts to move the child progressively forward toward
a goal.
Reader Response Theory - (answer) The main argument of reader-response theory is that readers, as
much as the text, play an active role in a reading experience (Rosenblatt, 1994). This theory rejects the
structuralist view that meaning resides solely in the text. Words in a text evoke images in readers' minds
and readers bring their experiences to this encounter.
,WGU C909 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Experiential Learning - (answer) As the name suggests, experiential learning involves learning from
experience. The theory was proposed by psychologist David Kolb who was influenced by the work of
other theorists including John Dewey, Kurt Lewin, and Jean Piaget
Oral Language Development - (answer) The complex system that relates sounds to meanings, is made
of three components: phonological, (rules for combining sounds) semantic, (the smallest units of
meaning that may be combined to make up words) and syntactic (the rules that combine morphemes
into sentences). Reading and talking with children plays an important role in developing their vocabulary.
The more you talk to children, the larger their vocabulary will develop. Note: Pragmatic is also the rules
that allow us to speak appropriately in different settings
What are the stages of writing development? - (answer) Scribbling/drawing
Letter like forms and shapes
Letters
Letters and spaces
Conventional writing and spelling (children in this stage spell most words correctly with a reliance on
knowledge of phonics to spell longer words, they can punctuate, can properly use capital and lower case
letters. Writing different purposes is important, handwriting and spelling becomes easier.
What are stages of reading development - (answer) Early Emergent
Emergent (understands alphabet, phonological awareness and knows phonics, have command of high
frequency words, developing comprehension and word attack skills, recognize types of texts, non-fiction
and fiction, and that reading has a variety of purposes).
Early Fluent
Fluent
What are the stages of the alphabetic phase - (answer) The written forms of spoken, alphabetic
language languages which use letters (graphemes) in a code to represent the sounds of speech
(phonemes) specific sequences of letters form words, this is the alphabetic principle. If we obeyed this
principle we wouldn't have words like to, too, and two.
, WGU C909 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Gradual release of responsibility - (answer) Teaching approach that incorporates scaffolding (building
on what the student already knows) so that the responsibility for the content is shifted from teacher to
student.
Strategies for vocabulary/literacy development - (answer) Integration: connecting new vocabulary to
prior knowledge
Repetition: encountering/using the word concept many times
Meaningful use: multiple opportunities to use new words in reading, writing, and soon discussion
Reading Workshop (Balanced Literacy Framework) - (answer) Shared: (teacher provides explicit
comprehensive instruction, everyone in the class reads a projected book, as teacher moves pointer along
screen)
Guided: (teacher with small groups who read at similar levels, use benchmark books to determine
student's level of reading, includes of a variety of genres including fiction and non-fiction)
Independent: (Students read from class library or leveled books, these are of personal interest and
include a wide variety, with Raz-Plus, you can read ebooks.)
Writing Workshops (Balanced Literacy Framework) - (answer) Shared/Interactive: (teacher and
children compose message/story using a shared pen)
Guided: (teacher directed lesson and then student writes as teacher confers with the student guiding the
student's writing development, A-Z members have access to a variety of writing lessons and genres)
Independent: (students write their own stories both narrative and informational)
Word Work (Balanced Literacy Framework) Students working with words so they can become more
fluent readers - (answer) Phonemic awareness and Phonics: (Helps young students to learn letter
sound relationships, words broken into parts based on individual speech sounds known as phonemes,
DETAILED ANSWERS
Constructivist Theory - (answer) A philosophy based on the premise that people construct their own
understanding of the world they live in through reflection on experiences.
Constructivist Theory in Practice - (answer) For example: Groups of students in a science class are
discussing a problem in physics. Though the teacher knows the "answer" to the problem, she focuses on
helping students restate their questions in useful ways. She prompts each student to reflect on and
examine his or her current knowledge. When one of the students comes up with the relevant concept,
the teacher seizes upon it, and indicates to the group that this might be a fruitful avenue for them to
explore. They design and perform relevant experiments. Afterward, the students and teacher talk about
what they have learned, and how their observations and experiments helped (or did not help) them to
better understand the concept.
Cognitive-constructivist view of reading - (answer) Aim to assist students in assimilating new
information to existing knowledge, as well as enabling them to make the appropriate accommodations
to their existing intellectual framework to accommodate that information. Ex. Because of Winn-Dixie;
from her inference, and active knowledge of the text says that people who have things in common often
become friends.
Socio-cultural theory/Ex. - (answer) Extends the influence on the cognitive-constructivist view out
from the reader and the text into the larger social realm. Learning is viewed as social rather than
individual. -Lev Vygotsky Ex. Understanding the zone of proximal development can be helpful for
teachers.
In classroom settings, teachers may first assess students to determine their current skill level. Educators
can then offer instruction that stretches the limits of each child's capabilities.
At first, the student may need assistance from an adult or a more knowledgeable peer, but eventually,
their zone of proximal development will expand. Teachers can help promote this expansion by:
Planning and organizing their instruction and lessons: For example, the teacher might organize the class
into groups where less skilled children are paired with students who have a higher skill level.
Using hints, prompts, and direct instruction to help kids improve their ability levels.
Scaffolding, where the teacher provides specific prompts to move the child progressively forward toward
a goal.
Reader Response Theory - (answer) The main argument of reader-response theory is that readers, as
much as the text, play an active role in a reading experience (Rosenblatt, 1994). This theory rejects the
structuralist view that meaning resides solely in the text. Words in a text evoke images in readers' minds
and readers bring their experiences to this encounter.
,WGU C909 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Experiential Learning - (answer) As the name suggests, experiential learning involves learning from
experience. The theory was proposed by psychologist David Kolb who was influenced by the work of
other theorists including John Dewey, Kurt Lewin, and Jean Piaget
Oral Language Development - (answer) The complex system that relates sounds to meanings, is made
of three components: phonological, (rules for combining sounds) semantic, (the smallest units of
meaning that may be combined to make up words) and syntactic (the rules that combine morphemes
into sentences). Reading and talking with children plays an important role in developing their vocabulary.
The more you talk to children, the larger their vocabulary will develop. Note: Pragmatic is also the rules
that allow us to speak appropriately in different settings
What are the stages of writing development? - (answer) Scribbling/drawing
Letter like forms and shapes
Letters
Letters and spaces
Conventional writing and spelling (children in this stage spell most words correctly with a reliance on
knowledge of phonics to spell longer words, they can punctuate, can properly use capital and lower case
letters. Writing different purposes is important, handwriting and spelling becomes easier.
What are stages of reading development - (answer) Early Emergent
Emergent (understands alphabet, phonological awareness and knows phonics, have command of high
frequency words, developing comprehension and word attack skills, recognize types of texts, non-fiction
and fiction, and that reading has a variety of purposes).
Early Fluent
Fluent
What are the stages of the alphabetic phase - (answer) The written forms of spoken, alphabetic
language languages which use letters (graphemes) in a code to represent the sounds of speech
(phonemes) specific sequences of letters form words, this is the alphabetic principle. If we obeyed this
principle we wouldn't have words like to, too, and two.
, WGU C909 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT EXAM 2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Gradual release of responsibility - (answer) Teaching approach that incorporates scaffolding (building
on what the student already knows) so that the responsibility for the content is shifted from teacher to
student.
Strategies for vocabulary/literacy development - (answer) Integration: connecting new vocabulary to
prior knowledge
Repetition: encountering/using the word concept many times
Meaningful use: multiple opportunities to use new words in reading, writing, and soon discussion
Reading Workshop (Balanced Literacy Framework) - (answer) Shared: (teacher provides explicit
comprehensive instruction, everyone in the class reads a projected book, as teacher moves pointer along
screen)
Guided: (teacher with small groups who read at similar levels, use benchmark books to determine
student's level of reading, includes of a variety of genres including fiction and non-fiction)
Independent: (Students read from class library or leveled books, these are of personal interest and
include a wide variety, with Raz-Plus, you can read ebooks.)
Writing Workshops (Balanced Literacy Framework) - (answer) Shared/Interactive: (teacher and
children compose message/story using a shared pen)
Guided: (teacher directed lesson and then student writes as teacher confers with the student guiding the
student's writing development, A-Z members have access to a variety of writing lessons and genres)
Independent: (students write their own stories both narrative and informational)
Word Work (Balanced Literacy Framework) Students working with words so they can become more
fluent readers - (answer) Phonemic awareness and Phonics: (Helps young students to learn letter
sound relationships, words broken into parts based on individual speech sounds known as phonemes,
