Environment Exam 255 Questions with Verified
Answers
- Interdependence and interconnectedness among companies and countries
around the globe
- International integration that arises from the interchange of world views,
products, ideas, and other aspects of culture
- A process to remove all kinds of barriers among countries
- Ultimate goal is to promote collaboration and interdependence of countries -
CORRECT ANSWER Globalization
- Trade and transactions
- Capital and investment moments
- Migration and movement of people
- Dissemination of knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER 4 Aspects of Globalization
- Focuses on the economic development of participating countries in globalization
- The international movement of goods, capital, and services
- More trade and investment leads to faster economic development.
- Increase in information technology
- Improvement in social well-being
- Tends to benefit rich countries more than poor countries because there are more
gains
,- Lost jobs in developed countries are due to cheap labor in undeveloped
countries.
- Environmental damages in developed countries because they do not have well
established environmental protection enforced
- The use of sweatshops and child labor (unethical labor practices) - CORRECT
ANSWER Economic Globalization
- Governments seek opportunities to collaborate together and remove barriers
(collaboration among countries).
- Collaboration to remove barriers has increased world organizations (WTO, World
Bank, NAFTA, EU, etc.) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).
- Before joining, countries have to sign agreements in order to obey rules within
the organization.
- A con is giving up some independence (reduced importance of their nation-
states) because of the need to follow leading countries' requirements (sacrificing
some political independence). - CORRECT ANSWER Political Globalization
- Transmission of ideas, meanings, and values around the world (barriers are
reduced or removed because of globalization)
- Increased awareness of international communities and cultural integration
because of immigration
- Loss of uniqueness of country's culture (not as homogeneous) - CORRECT
ANSWER Cultural Globalization
- Exchanging currencies to settle transactions
- Ex. a foreign firm exports to the US; the firm is a supplier of US dollars,
demander of their home currency (the firm buys their goods in US dollars, and
,exchanges their revenue in US dollars for their own currency to pay their workers
based in their country) - CORRECT ANSWER International Investors
- The exchange of goods, services, and resources across two or more nations
(crosses country borders) in exchange for physical goods, money, people, patents,
copyrights, data, assets, liabilities, etc.
- Promotes foreign direct investment (reduces barriers for investment and
encourages governments to release regulation on industries)
- Takes place in markets (seen in production where goods are sourced from other
countries)
- The goal is to maximize profit. - CORRECT ANSWER International Business
Opportunities
- More revenue from foreign sales
- Cheaper labor, natural resources, and operational costs
- Access to advanced technologies
Challenges
- Some developing countries might have very loose regulation that results in
unethical labor practices (countries have different rules and regulations).
- Organizational structure changes as businesses try to create new international
divisions.
- Public relations could cause hardship to businesses as they have to build
customer loyalty.
- Different leadership styles in countries due to culture
, - Different legal and regulatory structures in countries due to different rules and
systems - CORRECT ANSWER Opportunities and Challenges to International
Business
Benefits
- Achieves either higher levels of revenue or a lower cost structure within their
operations
- Looks for opportunities to realize economies of scale by mass-producing goods in
markets that have substantially cheaper costs for labor or other inputs, or they
may look for economies of scope
- Increases financial stability of many developing nations as a positive
consequence of globalization
- A collaborative global economy may also push the development of technology
that could benefit everyone.
Costs
- Ethical issues, governmental policies, and economic restrictions are all likely
when a company moves into an unfamiliar global space.
- A multinational company may also face infrastructural and technological
challenges in a developing country.
- Concerns have been expressed for sustainability in the face of globalization and
the ability of richer companies and nations to exercise their power at the expense
of le - CORRECT ANSWER Benefits and Costs of Global Expansion
- Economic growth rates (ex. product demand and trends)
- Exchange rate stability (ex. converting foreign revenue into home country
dollars)