KIN 3515 - Exam 2 - Bioenergetics and
Exercise Metabolism – Spielmann
Study Guide Questions with Actual
Detailed Answers 2025\2026 Updated.
3 Macronutrients - Answer Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein
Calorie - Answer amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree
How many calories are in 1 kcal - Answer 1000 calories
Direct calorimetry - Answer direct measurement of heat release from food
Bomb Calorimeter - Answer measures the amount of calories in food
The bomb calorimeter is surrounded by _____? - Answer water
Indirect calorimetry - Answer measures oxygen utilization that relates to heat production
How many kcal/g does a carbohydrate have? - Answer 4.2 kcal/g
How much kcal/g does a lipid have? - Answer 9.4 kcal/g
How much kcal/g does a protein have? - Answer 5.65 kcal/g
Atwater Values - Answer provides a useful estimate of the net energy value of typical foods a
person consumes
Average Atwater value for carbohydrates - Answer 4 kcal/g
,Average Atwater value for alcohols - Answer 7 kcal/g
What is the basic unit for a carbohydrate? - Answer Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides form _____ for storage in the liver and muscle - Answer Glycogen
Monosaccharides can convert to _____ for later energy use - Answer fat
3 major monosaccharides - Answer Glucose or dextrose (blood sugar)
Fructose (fruit sugar)
Galactose (milk sugar)
What are 2-10 monosaccharides bonded chemically called? - Answer Oligosaccharides
3 major oligosaccharides - Answer Maltose = glucose + glucose
Lactose = glucose + galactose
Sucrose = glucose + fructose
Maltose is found in? - Answer Breakfast cereals, beer, and seeds
Lactose is found only in? - Answer Milk
Sucrose is found in? - Answer Table sugar, brown sugar, maple syrup, honey
Polysaccharides - Answer 3 to thousands of monosaccharide molecule linkages
Example of polysaccharides - Answer Starch (plants)
Glycogen (animals and humans)
Glucogenesis - Answer glycogen synthesis from glucose
, Why is gluconeogenesis important? - Answer Necessary for brain to function
Glycogenolysis - Answer glucose formation from glycogen
(Glycogen --> glucose)
Why do you need to break down glycogen? - Answer To help maintain blood glucose levels
Where is glycogen stored? - Answer Muscle and liver
What is the carbohydrate's role in the body? - Answer Energy source during intense exercise
What should you do to maintain blood glucose levels? - Answer Drink and eat carbohydrates
Carbohydrates serves a as - Answer Primer for fat oxidation
For moderate and prolonged exercise, what is used? - Answer Fats (fatty acid)
A low carbohydrate diet, tends to ______ performance during prolonged exercise - Answer
Decrease
The net energy provided by oxidation of protein is ___ - ____ kcal/gram - Answer 3.8-4.2
kcal/gram
What are the three lipid groups? - Answer Simple: triglycerides/triacylglycerols
Compound: phospholipids
Derived: cholesterol
What is the importance of cholesterol? - Answer Helps synthesize estrogen and testosterone
Major storage form of fat - Answer Adipocytes (fat cells)
Exercise Metabolism – Spielmann
Study Guide Questions with Actual
Detailed Answers 2025\2026 Updated.
3 Macronutrients - Answer Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein
Calorie - Answer amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree
How many calories are in 1 kcal - Answer 1000 calories
Direct calorimetry - Answer direct measurement of heat release from food
Bomb Calorimeter - Answer measures the amount of calories in food
The bomb calorimeter is surrounded by _____? - Answer water
Indirect calorimetry - Answer measures oxygen utilization that relates to heat production
How many kcal/g does a carbohydrate have? - Answer 4.2 kcal/g
How much kcal/g does a lipid have? - Answer 9.4 kcal/g
How much kcal/g does a protein have? - Answer 5.65 kcal/g
Atwater Values - Answer provides a useful estimate of the net energy value of typical foods a
person consumes
Average Atwater value for carbohydrates - Answer 4 kcal/g
,Average Atwater value for alcohols - Answer 7 kcal/g
What is the basic unit for a carbohydrate? - Answer Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides form _____ for storage in the liver and muscle - Answer Glycogen
Monosaccharides can convert to _____ for later energy use - Answer fat
3 major monosaccharides - Answer Glucose or dextrose (blood sugar)
Fructose (fruit sugar)
Galactose (milk sugar)
What are 2-10 monosaccharides bonded chemically called? - Answer Oligosaccharides
3 major oligosaccharides - Answer Maltose = glucose + glucose
Lactose = glucose + galactose
Sucrose = glucose + fructose
Maltose is found in? - Answer Breakfast cereals, beer, and seeds
Lactose is found only in? - Answer Milk
Sucrose is found in? - Answer Table sugar, brown sugar, maple syrup, honey
Polysaccharides - Answer 3 to thousands of monosaccharide molecule linkages
Example of polysaccharides - Answer Starch (plants)
Glycogen (animals and humans)
Glucogenesis - Answer glycogen synthesis from glucose
, Why is gluconeogenesis important? - Answer Necessary for brain to function
Glycogenolysis - Answer glucose formation from glycogen
(Glycogen --> glucose)
Why do you need to break down glycogen? - Answer To help maintain blood glucose levels
Where is glycogen stored? - Answer Muscle and liver
What is the carbohydrate's role in the body? - Answer Energy source during intense exercise
What should you do to maintain blood glucose levels? - Answer Drink and eat carbohydrates
Carbohydrates serves a as - Answer Primer for fat oxidation
For moderate and prolonged exercise, what is used? - Answer Fats (fatty acid)
A low carbohydrate diet, tends to ______ performance during prolonged exercise - Answer
Decrease
The net energy provided by oxidation of protein is ___ - ____ kcal/gram - Answer 3.8-4.2
kcal/gram
What are the three lipid groups? - Answer Simple: triglycerides/triacylglycerols
Compound: phospholipids
Derived: cholesterol
What is the importance of cholesterol? - Answer Helps synthesize estrogen and testosterone
Major storage form of fat - Answer Adipocytes (fat cells)
