NUR 511 Exam 1 Questions With Correct
Answers
S/S |Heart |failure |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Fatigue, |angina, |anxiety, |oliguria, |decreased |GI |motility, |
pale |cool |skin, |weight |gain |(2 |lb |in |a |day |3-5 |lb |in |a |week), |restlessness, |edema
Left |HF |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Backs |up |to |lungs, |pulmonary |edema. |Pleural |effusion. |Crackles |in
|lungs. |More |common |than |right. |DOE, |SOB, |PND, |nonproductive |cough, |pink |frothy |sputum, |
orthopnea, |pulmonary |crackles, |fa |IgE, |weakness, |activity |intolerance, |dry |cough, |nocturnal |
cough, |S3 |and |S4, |dizziness |syncope, |palpitations/ |tachycardia, |nocturia, |pale/cyanosis, |
displaced |PMI, |anxiety, |depression.
Right |HF |or |Cor |pulmonale |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Result |of |either |left |ventricular |failure |or |CoPD
|and |pulmonary |hypertension. |Peripheral |edema. |Ascites. |JVD. |Anorexia, |nausea, |abdominal |
distinction, |RUQ |pain |(liver |distention), |murmurs, |anasarca, |tachycardia, |hepatomegaly, |
splenomegaly, |anxiety, |depression.
Stroke |volume |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Made |up |of |preload, |contractility, |afterload.
Compensatory |mechanisms |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-SNS |activation- |catacholamine |release |
(increase |HR, |BP, |vasoconstriction |in |periphery, |workload |on |heart)
RAAS- |hold |onto |water |and |salt, |increase |volume |and |vasoconstriction
ADH- |hold |onto |water |and |salt
Natriuretic |peptide- |diuretic |and |vasodilation |properties= |BNP= |specific |marker |for |HF.
Hypertrophic- |can't |fill
Dilation- |can't |squeeze
, HF |classifications |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Low |numbers |good, |high |bad. |A |is |good, |D |is |bad.
HF |diagnosis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-BNP |elevated, |BUN |and |creatinine |elevated,
Ejection |fraction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Greater |than |60 |is |normal
40-60 |moderate |HF
20-40 |mod |to |severe |HF
Less |than |20 |severe |HF
Serum |BUN |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Kidney |function
Normal |is |10-20 |mg/dL
Serum |creatinine |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Kidney |function |
Normal |is |0.5-1.2
Hyperkalemia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Potassium |greater |than |5.1
Causes: |renal |failure, |excessive |KCl, |excessive |use |of |salt |substitutes.
Hyponatremia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Sodium |level |135 |mEq/L |or |less
Causes: |inadequate |sodium |intake, |potent |diuretics, |retention |of |fluids |(heart |or |kidney |
failure).
Hypernatremia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Sodium |level |greater |than |145 |mEq/L
Causes: |decreased |water |intake |or |excessive |loss |of |water.
BNP |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Levels |over |700pg/mL |indicate |decompensated |HF.
Answers
S/S |Heart |failure |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Fatigue, |angina, |anxiety, |oliguria, |decreased |GI |motility, |
pale |cool |skin, |weight |gain |(2 |lb |in |a |day |3-5 |lb |in |a |week), |restlessness, |edema
Left |HF |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Backs |up |to |lungs, |pulmonary |edema. |Pleural |effusion. |Crackles |in
|lungs. |More |common |than |right. |DOE, |SOB, |PND, |nonproductive |cough, |pink |frothy |sputum, |
orthopnea, |pulmonary |crackles, |fa |IgE, |weakness, |activity |intolerance, |dry |cough, |nocturnal |
cough, |S3 |and |S4, |dizziness |syncope, |palpitations/ |tachycardia, |nocturia, |pale/cyanosis, |
displaced |PMI, |anxiety, |depression.
Right |HF |or |Cor |pulmonale |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Result |of |either |left |ventricular |failure |or |CoPD
|and |pulmonary |hypertension. |Peripheral |edema. |Ascites. |JVD. |Anorexia, |nausea, |abdominal |
distinction, |RUQ |pain |(liver |distention), |murmurs, |anasarca, |tachycardia, |hepatomegaly, |
splenomegaly, |anxiety, |depression.
Stroke |volume |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Made |up |of |preload, |contractility, |afterload.
Compensatory |mechanisms |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-SNS |activation- |catacholamine |release |
(increase |HR, |BP, |vasoconstriction |in |periphery, |workload |on |heart)
RAAS- |hold |onto |water |and |salt, |increase |volume |and |vasoconstriction
ADH- |hold |onto |water |and |salt
Natriuretic |peptide- |diuretic |and |vasodilation |properties= |BNP= |specific |marker |for |HF.
Hypertrophic- |can't |fill
Dilation- |can't |squeeze
, HF |classifications |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Low |numbers |good, |high |bad. |A |is |good, |D |is |bad.
HF |diagnosis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-BNP |elevated, |BUN |and |creatinine |elevated,
Ejection |fraction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Greater |than |60 |is |normal
40-60 |moderate |HF
20-40 |mod |to |severe |HF
Less |than |20 |severe |HF
Serum |BUN |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Kidney |function
Normal |is |10-20 |mg/dL
Serum |creatinine |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Kidney |function |
Normal |is |0.5-1.2
Hyperkalemia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Potassium |greater |than |5.1
Causes: |renal |failure, |excessive |KCl, |excessive |use |of |salt |substitutes.
Hyponatremia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Sodium |level |135 |mEq/L |or |less
Causes: |inadequate |sodium |intake, |potent |diuretics, |retention |of |fluids |(heart |or |kidney |
failure).
Hypernatremia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Sodium |level |greater |than |145 |mEq/L
Causes: |decreased |water |intake |or |excessive |loss |of |water.
BNP |- |CORRECT |ANSWER-Levels |over |700pg/mL |indicate |decompensated |HF.
