1
WEEK 5, 6 & 7 EXAM: BIOS252 / BIOS 252 (LATEST UPDATE 2026 /
2027) ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II WITH LAB | REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE A -
CHAMBERLAIN
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
1. The tricuspid valve is located between which two chambers of the heart and
prevents blood from flowing backward during ventricular contraction?
A. Left atrium and left ventricle
B. Right atrium and right ventricle
C. Right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
D. Left ventricle and aorta
Correct Answer: B. Right atrium and right ventricle
Rationale: The tricuspid valve ensures one-way blood flow from the right atrium
to the right ventricle, preventing backflow when the ventricle contracts.
2. Which blood vessel has the thickest tunica media to withstand the high pressure
generated by ventricular contractions?
A. Vein
B. Capillary
C. Artery
D. Venule
Correct Answer: C. Artery
Rationale: Arteries possess a thick muscular and elastic layer that allows them to
maintain and regulate blood pressure.
, 2
3. The sinoatrial (SA) node is known as the pacemaker of the heart because it:
A. Produces the strongest contraction of the heart muscle
B. Generates spontaneous electrical impulses faster than other cardiac cells
C. Transmits impulses through Purkinje fibers
D. Closes the atrioventricular valves during systole
Correct Answer: B. Generates spontaneous electrical impulses faster than other
cardiac cells
Rationale: The SA node sets the rhythm of the heartbeat due to its automatic
depolarization ability.
4. The “lub” sound heard during a heartbeat corresponds to the closing of which
valves?
A. Semilunar valves
B. Atrioventricular valves
C. Pulmonary valves
D. Aortic valves
Correct Answer: B. Atrioventricular valves
Rationale: The first heart sound occurs when the mitral and tricuspid valves close
during ventricular systole.
5. The left ventricle has a thicker myocardium than the right ventricle because it:
A. Pumps blood under lower pressure
B. Pumps blood to the lungs
C. Pumps blood to the entire body
D. Receives deoxygenated blood
Correct Answer: C. Pumps blood to the entire body
Rationale: The left ventricle must generate greater force to circulate blood through
the systemic circuit.
BLOOD & CIRCULATION
6. Which formed element in blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport
throughout the body?
, 3
A. Leukocytes
B. Platelets
C. Erythrocytes
D. Plasma proteins
Correct Answer: C. Erythrocytes
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and carries oxygen
molecules to tissues.
7. Which component makes up the largest percentage of blood plasma?
A. Plasma proteins
B. Water
C. Nutrients
D. Electrolytes
Correct Answer: B. Water
Rationale: Water comprises about 90% of plasma and serves as a solvent for
nutrients, gases, and wastes.
8. Which type of white blood cell is most abundant in circulating blood and is the
first to respond to infection?
A. Lymphocyte
B. Monocyte
C. Neutrophil
D. Eosinophil
Correct Answer: C. Neutrophil
Rationale: Neutrophils are the most numerous WBCs and play a key role in
fighting bacterial infections.
9. What hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates red blood cell production in
the bone marrow?
A. Renin
B. Aldosterone
C. Erythropoietin
, 4
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: C. Erythropoietin
Rationale: Low oxygen levels trigger the kidneys to release erythropoietin, which
promotes erythropoiesis.
10. Which circulation pathway carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back
to the heart?
A. Systemic circuit
B. Pulmonary circuit
C. Coronary circuit
D. Portal circuit
Correct Answer: B. Pulmonary circuit
Rationale: The pulmonary circuit transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs for
gas exchange and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.
LYMPHATIC & IMMUNE SYSTEM
11. The lymphatic system primarily functions to return interstitial fluid to the
bloodstream and:
A. Maintain high blood pressure
B. Filter waste through the kidneys
C. Provide immune defense
D. Carry oxygen to cells
Correct Answer: C. Provide immune defense
Rationale: The lymphatic system removes excess fluid and houses lymphocytes
for immune protection.
12. Which organ filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and stores platelets?
A. Thymus
B. Spleen
C. Lymph node
D. Liver
Correct Answer: B. Spleen
WEEK 5, 6 & 7 EXAM: BIOS252 / BIOS 252 (LATEST UPDATE 2026 /
2027) ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II WITH LAB | REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE A -
CHAMBERLAIN
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
1. The tricuspid valve is located between which two chambers of the heart and
prevents blood from flowing backward during ventricular contraction?
A. Left atrium and left ventricle
B. Right atrium and right ventricle
C. Right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
D. Left ventricle and aorta
Correct Answer: B. Right atrium and right ventricle
Rationale: The tricuspid valve ensures one-way blood flow from the right atrium
to the right ventricle, preventing backflow when the ventricle contracts.
2. Which blood vessel has the thickest tunica media to withstand the high pressure
generated by ventricular contractions?
A. Vein
B. Capillary
C. Artery
D. Venule
Correct Answer: C. Artery
Rationale: Arteries possess a thick muscular and elastic layer that allows them to
maintain and regulate blood pressure.
, 2
3. The sinoatrial (SA) node is known as the pacemaker of the heart because it:
A. Produces the strongest contraction of the heart muscle
B. Generates spontaneous electrical impulses faster than other cardiac cells
C. Transmits impulses through Purkinje fibers
D. Closes the atrioventricular valves during systole
Correct Answer: B. Generates spontaneous electrical impulses faster than other
cardiac cells
Rationale: The SA node sets the rhythm of the heartbeat due to its automatic
depolarization ability.
4. The “lub” sound heard during a heartbeat corresponds to the closing of which
valves?
A. Semilunar valves
B. Atrioventricular valves
C. Pulmonary valves
D. Aortic valves
Correct Answer: B. Atrioventricular valves
Rationale: The first heart sound occurs when the mitral and tricuspid valves close
during ventricular systole.
5. The left ventricle has a thicker myocardium than the right ventricle because it:
A. Pumps blood under lower pressure
B. Pumps blood to the lungs
C. Pumps blood to the entire body
D. Receives deoxygenated blood
Correct Answer: C. Pumps blood to the entire body
Rationale: The left ventricle must generate greater force to circulate blood through
the systemic circuit.
BLOOD & CIRCULATION
6. Which formed element in blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport
throughout the body?
, 3
A. Leukocytes
B. Platelets
C. Erythrocytes
D. Plasma proteins
Correct Answer: C. Erythrocytes
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and carries oxygen
molecules to tissues.
7. Which component makes up the largest percentage of blood plasma?
A. Plasma proteins
B. Water
C. Nutrients
D. Electrolytes
Correct Answer: B. Water
Rationale: Water comprises about 90% of plasma and serves as a solvent for
nutrients, gases, and wastes.
8. Which type of white blood cell is most abundant in circulating blood and is the
first to respond to infection?
A. Lymphocyte
B. Monocyte
C. Neutrophil
D. Eosinophil
Correct Answer: C. Neutrophil
Rationale: Neutrophils are the most numerous WBCs and play a key role in
fighting bacterial infections.
9. What hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates red blood cell production in
the bone marrow?
A. Renin
B. Aldosterone
C. Erythropoietin
, 4
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: C. Erythropoietin
Rationale: Low oxygen levels trigger the kidneys to release erythropoietin, which
promotes erythropoiesis.
10. Which circulation pathway carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back
to the heart?
A. Systemic circuit
B. Pulmonary circuit
C. Coronary circuit
D. Portal circuit
Correct Answer: B. Pulmonary circuit
Rationale: The pulmonary circuit transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs for
gas exchange and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.
LYMPHATIC & IMMUNE SYSTEM
11. The lymphatic system primarily functions to return interstitial fluid to the
bloodstream and:
A. Maintain high blood pressure
B. Filter waste through the kidneys
C. Provide immune defense
D. Carry oxygen to cells
Correct Answer: C. Provide immune defense
Rationale: The lymphatic system removes excess fluid and houses lymphocytes
for immune protection.
12. Which organ filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and stores platelets?
A. Thymus
B. Spleen
C. Lymph node
D. Liver
Correct Answer: B. Spleen
