Earth Science Exam Review 2025 – Complete
Study Guide & Answers
seismic waves
- CORRECT ANSWER -Vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released
during an earthquake.
crust
- CORRECT ANSWER -the outer layer of the Earth
mantle
- CORRECT ANSWER -the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core
lithosphere
- CORRECT ANSWER -the solid, outer layer of the earth that consists of the crust and the
rigid upper part of the mantle
asthenosphere
- CORRECT ANSWER -the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats
,basalt
- CORRECT ANSWER -a rock that makes up much of the ocean floor
granite
- CORRECT ANSWER -a usually light-colored rock that is found in continental crust
outer core
- CORRECT ANSWER -a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of
Earth
inner core
- CORRECT ANSWER -a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth
radiation
- CORRECT ANSWER -the transfer of energy through space
conduction
- CORRECT ANSWER -the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance
that it is touching
, convection
- CORRECT ANSWER -the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid
density
- CORRECT ANSWER -the amount of matter in a given space
convection current
- CORRECT ANSWER -the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that
transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
continental drift
- CORRECT ANSWER -the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single
landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
Pangaea
- CORRECT ANSWER -large, ancient landmass that was composed of all the continents
joined together
fossil
- CORRECT ANSWER -the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a
past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
Study Guide & Answers
seismic waves
- CORRECT ANSWER -Vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released
during an earthquake.
crust
- CORRECT ANSWER -the outer layer of the Earth
mantle
- CORRECT ANSWER -the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core
lithosphere
- CORRECT ANSWER -the solid, outer layer of the earth that consists of the crust and the
rigid upper part of the mantle
asthenosphere
- CORRECT ANSWER -the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats
,basalt
- CORRECT ANSWER -a rock that makes up much of the ocean floor
granite
- CORRECT ANSWER -a usually light-colored rock that is found in continental crust
outer core
- CORRECT ANSWER -a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of
Earth
inner core
- CORRECT ANSWER -a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth
radiation
- CORRECT ANSWER -the transfer of energy through space
conduction
- CORRECT ANSWER -the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance
that it is touching
, convection
- CORRECT ANSWER -the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid
density
- CORRECT ANSWER -the amount of matter in a given space
convection current
- CORRECT ANSWER -the movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that
transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
continental drift
- CORRECT ANSWER -the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single
landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
Pangaea
- CORRECT ANSWER -large, ancient landmass that was composed of all the continents
joined together
fossil
- CORRECT ANSWER -the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a
past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
