1
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Introduction to Cryptography - D334
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
XOR the following
0101110101010111
1001100000111010
© 2025 Assignment Expert
------------------—Ans: 1100010101101101
asymmetric key-based encryption
-typical methods—Ans: RSA
Guru01 - Stuvia
DSA
El Gamal
Symmetric key-based encryption
-Typical Methods—Ans: RC2- 40 bit key size 64 bit block
RC4- (Stream Cipher)- Used in SSL and WEP
RC5- (Variable Key size, 32, 64, or 128 bit block size)
AES- (128, 192 or 256 bit key size, 128 bit block size)
DES- (56 bit key size. 64 bit Block size)
3DES- (112 bit key size, 64 bit block size)
Block Encryption—Ans: RC2(40 bit key size)
RC5(Variable block size)
IDEA
DES
3DES
AES (Rijndael)
, 2
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Blowfish
twofish
stream encryption—Ans: RC4
Chacha
Rainbow Attack—Ans: The method of knowing the mapping
between the hashed values and the original data
Dictionary-type attack—Ans: a brute force analysis
∉—Ans: does not belong to
when an object is not in a set
∈—Ans: Belongs to
© 2025 Assignment Expert
when an object is within a set
⊆—Ans: subset
subset has fewer elements or equal to the set
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A ∪ B—Ans: union (objects that belong to set A or set B)
|—Ans: such that
A ∩ B—Ans: Intersection: in both A and B
Enigma Machine -Cypher 10—Ans: Used a polyalphabetic
substitution cipher, which did not repeat within a reasonable time
period, along with a secret key. For the cracking of the Enigma
cipher, the challenge was thus to determine both the algorithm
used and the key. Enigma's main weakness, though, was that
none of the plain text letters could be ciphered as itself.
Four-square cipher9—Ans: Uses four 5 × 5 matrices arranged in a
square, are where each matrix contains 25 letters for encoding
and decoding operations.
One-time pad cypher8—Ans: Cypher Code mapping that is only
used once.
Advantage: it is essentially unbreakable.
Disadvantage: it takes lots of work as you would have to generate
the pad to be used, each time.
, 3
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Vigenere Cipher 7—Ans: Polyalphabetic cipher that involves using
a different mapping, based on a keyword, for each character of
the cipher. An advantage of this type of cipher is that the same
plaintext character is likely to be coded to different mappings,
depending on the position of the keyword, making guessing more
difficult.
Ceasar Cipher6—Ans: Mono-alphabetic substitution cipher
known as "shift" cipher. Involves plaintext being replaced by a
letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. i.e., a
Caesar Cipher using a shift of +3 would mean a plaintext letter A
would result in a ciphertext letter D (a shift of three positions to the
right in the alphabet)
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Morse Code cipher 5—Ans: Encoding method, rather than a
cipher, that works by translating characters into sequences of dots
(.) and dashes (-)
Guru01 - Stuvia
Playfair Cipher 4—Ans: 5 × 5 matrix containing the alphabet less
the letter J. Cipher/decipher process consists of a set of rules
outlining use of column and row combinations.
BIFID Cipher 3—Ans: Makes use of a grid and which maps the
letters into numeric values.
Rail Code Cipher 2—Ans: Employs a method to scramble text by
writing it in a sequence across a number of rails.
Pig Pen Cipher 1—Ans: Mono- alphabetic substitution cipher that
makes use of mapping plaintext characters to graphical
characters rather than to alphabetic ones. i.e. A=(pick a symbol),
vs A=(pick a letter). Disadvantage: once the mapping is known, it
is difficult to keep the message secret.
Encryption—Ans: in simplest terms is changing plaintext into
ciphertext
Decryption—Ans: The process of converting a ciphertext into
plaintext.
AESCrypt—Ans: Encrypt individual files and encrypt full disks with
options such as Bitlocker and FileVault
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Introduction to Cryptography - D334
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
XOR the following
0101110101010111
1001100000111010
© 2025 Assignment Expert
------------------—Ans: 1100010101101101
asymmetric key-based encryption
-typical methods—Ans: RSA
Guru01 - Stuvia
DSA
El Gamal
Symmetric key-based encryption
-Typical Methods—Ans: RC2- 40 bit key size 64 bit block
RC4- (Stream Cipher)- Used in SSL and WEP
RC5- (Variable Key size, 32, 64, or 128 bit block size)
AES- (128, 192 or 256 bit key size, 128 bit block size)
DES- (56 bit key size. 64 bit Block size)
3DES- (112 bit key size, 64 bit block size)
Block Encryption—Ans: RC2(40 bit key size)
RC5(Variable block size)
IDEA
DES
3DES
AES (Rijndael)
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Blowfish
twofish
stream encryption—Ans: RC4
Chacha
Rainbow Attack—Ans: The method of knowing the mapping
between the hashed values and the original data
Dictionary-type attack—Ans: a brute force analysis
∉—Ans: does not belong to
when an object is not in a set
∈—Ans: Belongs to
© 2025 Assignment Expert
when an object is within a set
⊆—Ans: subset
subset has fewer elements or equal to the set
Guru01 - Stuvia
A ∪ B—Ans: union (objects that belong to set A or set B)
|—Ans: such that
A ∩ B—Ans: Intersection: in both A and B
Enigma Machine -Cypher 10—Ans: Used a polyalphabetic
substitution cipher, which did not repeat within a reasonable time
period, along with a secret key. For the cracking of the Enigma
cipher, the challenge was thus to determine both the algorithm
used and the key. Enigma's main weakness, though, was that
none of the plain text letters could be ciphered as itself.
Four-square cipher9—Ans: Uses four 5 × 5 matrices arranged in a
square, are where each matrix contains 25 letters for encoding
and decoding operations.
One-time pad cypher8—Ans: Cypher Code mapping that is only
used once.
Advantage: it is essentially unbreakable.
Disadvantage: it takes lots of work as you would have to generate
the pad to be used, each time.
, 3
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Vigenere Cipher 7—Ans: Polyalphabetic cipher that involves using
a different mapping, based on a keyword, for each character of
the cipher. An advantage of this type of cipher is that the same
plaintext character is likely to be coded to different mappings,
depending on the position of the keyword, making guessing more
difficult.
Ceasar Cipher6—Ans: Mono-alphabetic substitution cipher
known as "shift" cipher. Involves plaintext being replaced by a
letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. i.e., a
Caesar Cipher using a shift of +3 would mean a plaintext letter A
would result in a ciphertext letter D (a shift of three positions to the
right in the alphabet)
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Morse Code cipher 5—Ans: Encoding method, rather than a
cipher, that works by translating characters into sequences of dots
(.) and dashes (-)
Guru01 - Stuvia
Playfair Cipher 4—Ans: 5 × 5 matrix containing the alphabet less
the letter J. Cipher/decipher process consists of a set of rules
outlining use of column and row combinations.
BIFID Cipher 3—Ans: Makes use of a grid and which maps the
letters into numeric values.
Rail Code Cipher 2—Ans: Employs a method to scramble text by
writing it in a sequence across a number of rails.
Pig Pen Cipher 1—Ans: Mono- alphabetic substitution cipher that
makes use of mapping plaintext characters to graphical
characters rather than to alphabetic ones. i.e. A=(pick a symbol),
vs A=(pick a letter). Disadvantage: once the mapping is known, it
is difficult to keep the message secret.
Encryption—Ans: in simplest terms is changing plaintext into
ciphertext
Decryption—Ans: The process of converting a ciphertext into
plaintext.
AESCrypt—Ans: Encrypt individual files and encrypt full disks with
options such as Bitlocker and FileVault
