Bio Chem Unit II UMKC Questions With Complete
Solutions
The anomeric carbon of a sugar can be linked to the nitrogen
atom of an amine to form an ___-_______________ bond
The anomeric carbon of a sugar can be linked to the nitrogen
atom of an amine to form an N-glycosidic bond
Unmodified monosaccharides can react with oxidizing agents
because they contain a free ____________ or ____________
group (reducing sugars)
Unmodified monosaccharides can react with oxidizing agents
because they contain a free aldehyde or ketone group (reducing
sugars)
A1c test
Glucose reacts with hemoglobin to form glycosylated
hemoglobin, which can be used to monitor the effectiveness of
treatments for diabetes, a condition characterized by high levels
of blood glucose.
Formation of glycosidic bonds is catalyzed by
_____________________
Formation of glycosidic bonds is catalyzed by
glycosyltransferases
Thesugartobeaddedcomesin the form of an
Thesugartobeaddedcomesin the form of an activated sugar
nucleotide
,Sucrose, lactose and maltose are common dietary components.
They are cleaved into their respective component
monosaccharides by enzymes....(name 3).... located on the
________________of _____________cells lining the
__________ ____________.
........by enzymes (sucrase, lactase and maltase, respectively)
located on the outer surfaces of epithelial cells lining the small
intestine.
Polysaccharides play vital roles in __________ __________ and
in maintaining the _____________ integrity of an organism.
energy storage.......structural
_______________ is a very large, branched polymer of glucose
and serves as a storage form of glucose
glycogen
In glycogen, two chains of glucose molecules joined by ___-
___,___-glycosidic bond are linked by an ___-___,____-
glycosidic bond to create a branch point.
Such an __-___,___-glycosidic bond forms at approximately
every ___ glucose units, making the glycogen a highly branched
molecule.
In glycogen, two chains of glucose molecules joined by α-1,4-
glycosidic bond are linked by an α-1,6- glycosidic bond to create
a branch point. Such an α-1,6-glycosidic bond forms at
approximately every 10 glucose units, making the glycogen a
highly branched molecule.
,Two forms of starch
Amylose and Amylopectin
_____________ is unbranched and consists of glucose residues
in α-1,4 linkage.
Amylose is unbranched and consists of glucose residues in α-1,4
linkage.
______________ is branched and has about one bond α-1,6
linkage for every 30 α-1,4 linkages (so it is a less branched form
of glycogen).
Amylopectin is branched and has about one bond α-1,6 linkage
for every 30 α-1,4 linkages (so it is a less branched form of
glycogen).
Cellulose, the other major polysaccharide found in plants, serves
a ________________ role.
Cellulose, the other major polysaccharide found in plants, serves
a structural role.
___________ is an unbranched polymer of glucose residues
joined by β-1,4 linkages.
Cellulose
Cellulose fibrils are formed by ____________ chains that
interact with one another by ______________ bonds.
Cellulose fibrils are formed by parallel chains that interact with
one another by hydrogen bonds.
_____________ bonds determine polysaccharide structure
, Glycosidic bonds determine polysaccharide structure
Straight chains: optimal for
structure
Bent structures: optimal for
energy storage
α-amylose forms a
left-handed helix
________________ are proteins attached to a particular type of
polysaccharide called glycosaminoglycans.
Proteoglycans
_______________ makes up as much as 95% of the
biomolecule by weight
Glycosaminoglycan
___________________ mediate the adhesion of cells to the
extracellular matrix and bind factors that stimulate cell
proliferation
Proteoglycans
Made of disaccharide repeating units containing a derivative of
an amino sugar (glucosamine or galactosamine)
Glycosaminoglycans
RE Glycosaminoglycans: At least one of the sugars in the
repeating unit has a _______________ charged carboxylate or
sulfate group
Solutions
The anomeric carbon of a sugar can be linked to the nitrogen
atom of an amine to form an ___-_______________ bond
The anomeric carbon of a sugar can be linked to the nitrogen
atom of an amine to form an N-glycosidic bond
Unmodified monosaccharides can react with oxidizing agents
because they contain a free ____________ or ____________
group (reducing sugars)
Unmodified monosaccharides can react with oxidizing agents
because they contain a free aldehyde or ketone group (reducing
sugars)
A1c test
Glucose reacts with hemoglobin to form glycosylated
hemoglobin, which can be used to monitor the effectiveness of
treatments for diabetes, a condition characterized by high levels
of blood glucose.
Formation of glycosidic bonds is catalyzed by
_____________________
Formation of glycosidic bonds is catalyzed by
glycosyltransferases
Thesugartobeaddedcomesin the form of an
Thesugartobeaddedcomesin the form of an activated sugar
nucleotide
,Sucrose, lactose and maltose are common dietary components.
They are cleaved into their respective component
monosaccharides by enzymes....(name 3).... located on the
________________of _____________cells lining the
__________ ____________.
........by enzymes (sucrase, lactase and maltase, respectively)
located on the outer surfaces of epithelial cells lining the small
intestine.
Polysaccharides play vital roles in __________ __________ and
in maintaining the _____________ integrity of an organism.
energy storage.......structural
_______________ is a very large, branched polymer of glucose
and serves as a storage form of glucose
glycogen
In glycogen, two chains of glucose molecules joined by ___-
___,___-glycosidic bond are linked by an ___-___,____-
glycosidic bond to create a branch point.
Such an __-___,___-glycosidic bond forms at approximately
every ___ glucose units, making the glycogen a highly branched
molecule.
In glycogen, two chains of glucose molecules joined by α-1,4-
glycosidic bond are linked by an α-1,6- glycosidic bond to create
a branch point. Such an α-1,6-glycosidic bond forms at
approximately every 10 glucose units, making the glycogen a
highly branched molecule.
,Two forms of starch
Amylose and Amylopectin
_____________ is unbranched and consists of glucose residues
in α-1,4 linkage.
Amylose is unbranched and consists of glucose residues in α-1,4
linkage.
______________ is branched and has about one bond α-1,6
linkage for every 30 α-1,4 linkages (so it is a less branched form
of glycogen).
Amylopectin is branched and has about one bond α-1,6 linkage
for every 30 α-1,4 linkages (so it is a less branched form of
glycogen).
Cellulose, the other major polysaccharide found in plants, serves
a ________________ role.
Cellulose, the other major polysaccharide found in plants, serves
a structural role.
___________ is an unbranched polymer of glucose residues
joined by β-1,4 linkages.
Cellulose
Cellulose fibrils are formed by ____________ chains that
interact with one another by ______________ bonds.
Cellulose fibrils are formed by parallel chains that interact with
one another by hydrogen bonds.
_____________ bonds determine polysaccharide structure
, Glycosidic bonds determine polysaccharide structure
Straight chains: optimal for
structure
Bent structures: optimal for
energy storage
α-amylose forms a
left-handed helix
________________ are proteins attached to a particular type of
polysaccharide called glycosaminoglycans.
Proteoglycans
_______________ makes up as much as 95% of the
biomolecule by weight
Glycosaminoglycan
___________________ mediate the adhesion of cells to the
extracellular matrix and bind factors that stimulate cell
proliferation
Proteoglycans
Made of disaccharide repeating units containing a derivative of
an amino sugar (glucosamine or galactosamine)
Glycosaminoglycans
RE Glycosaminoglycans: At least one of the sugars in the
repeating unit has a _______________ charged carboxylate or
sulfate group
