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2025 - DUE 3 November 2025
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, The Indivisible Link: Philosophical Worldviews, Research Aims, and Methodological
Choices
The selection of a research method is rarely a neutral, technical decision. Instead, it is a
conscious or subconscious act rooted in a researcher’s deepest philosophical worldview—a set
of fundamental assumptions about the nature of reality and how that reality can be known. This
essay argues that a researcher’s choice of methodology is fundamentally informed and shaped
by their philosophical assumptions, which, in turn, dictate the appropriate research aim. The
relationship is hierarchical and foundational: a worldview provides the lens (ontology and
epistemology), which determines what questions are worth asking (the aims), and finally, how
those questions should be answered (the methodology and methods). To demonstrate this
relationship, this discussion will explore the dominant philosophical paradigms—positivism,
interpretivism, and pragmatism—and illustrate how they logically lead to the adoption of
quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods approaches, respectively.
The Foundations: Philosophical Assumptions
The philosophical underpinning of research is commonly divided into two core components:
ontology and epistemology. These components constitute the researcher's worldview and serve
as the invisible framework for all subsequent research decisions.
Ontology: The Nature of Reality