BIOD 121 LEARNING PORTAGE
NUTRITION MODULE 3 Exam 2026
Questions and Answers
Energy balance - Correct answer-a state when one's energy intake is equivalent to
the amount of energy expended
Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through basic body
functions + exercise - Correct answer-energy balance
positive energy balance - Correct answer-occurs if more calories (energy) are
consumed than expended
examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy balance state:
- Correct answer-pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts
1 pound in a week is equivalent to : - Correct answer-500 extra calories a day
Hyperplasia - Correct answer-an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring
during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy
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,Hypertrophy - Correct answer-an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in
periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout adulthood
Negative energy balance - Correct answer-occurs if fewer calories are consumed
than calories expended
Examples of negative energy balance situations: - Correct answer-during illness or
trauma, major burn injury, intentional act such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal
Our sole source of energy intake is from: - Correct answer-food and beverages
Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________, and
_________________ - Correct answer-basal metabolism, the thermic effect of
food, and thermogenesis
Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________ - Correct answer-
physical activity (aka exercise)
Two major components of energy expenditure are: - Correct answer-basal
metabolic rate and physical activity
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - Correct answer-the number of calories used by the
body while in a fasting state and accounts for approximately 60-70% of energy
expenditure
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, BMR varies by person based on factors such as: - Correct answer-gender, lean
body mass, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activities, levels of
caffeine intake, and tobacco use
BMR males: - Correct answer-1 kcal/kg/hour
BMR females: - Correct answer-0.9 kcal/kg/hour
As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we must adjust
eating habits to prevent weight gain. - Correct answer-1-2 %
Thermic effect of food (TEF) - Correct answer-the energy used for digestion and
absorption of food and accounts for approximately 10% of the calories expended.
larger meals higher in protein result in a higher ________ - Correct answer-thermic
effect of food (TEF)
Thermogenesis - Correct answer-the ability to regulate temperature and activities
such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture, and shivering. ( energy burned
through this process is very small)
Physical activity - Correct answer-accounts for 15-40% of our energy expenditure
Physical activity factors include: - Correct answer-body size, fitness level, and
actual activity to determine how many calories are expended
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NUTRITION MODULE 3 Exam 2026
Questions and Answers
Energy balance - Correct answer-a state when one's energy intake is equivalent to
the amount of energy expended
Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through basic body
functions + exercise - Correct answer-energy balance
positive energy balance - Correct answer-occurs if more calories (energy) are
consumed than expended
examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy balance state:
- Correct answer-pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts
1 pound in a week is equivalent to : - Correct answer-500 extra calories a day
Hyperplasia - Correct answer-an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring
during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Hypertrophy - Correct answer-an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in
periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout adulthood
Negative energy balance - Correct answer-occurs if fewer calories are consumed
than calories expended
Examples of negative energy balance situations: - Correct answer-during illness or
trauma, major burn injury, intentional act such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal
Our sole source of energy intake is from: - Correct answer-food and beverages
Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________, and
_________________ - Correct answer-basal metabolism, the thermic effect of
food, and thermogenesis
Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________ - Correct answer-
physical activity (aka exercise)
Two major components of energy expenditure are: - Correct answer-basal
metabolic rate and physical activity
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - Correct answer-the number of calories used by the
body while in a fasting state and accounts for approximately 60-70% of energy
expenditure
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, BMR varies by person based on factors such as: - Correct answer-gender, lean
body mass, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activities, levels of
caffeine intake, and tobacco use
BMR males: - Correct answer-1 kcal/kg/hour
BMR females: - Correct answer-0.9 kcal/kg/hour
As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we must adjust
eating habits to prevent weight gain. - Correct answer-1-2 %
Thermic effect of food (TEF) - Correct answer-the energy used for digestion and
absorption of food and accounts for approximately 10% of the calories expended.
larger meals higher in protein result in a higher ________ - Correct answer-thermic
effect of food (TEF)
Thermogenesis - Correct answer-the ability to regulate temperature and activities
such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture, and shivering. ( energy burned
through this process is very small)
Physical activity - Correct answer-accounts for 15-40% of our energy expenditure
Physical activity factors include: - Correct answer-body size, fitness level, and
actual activity to determine how many calories are expended
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
