Human Nutrition Exam 1 (Chapters
1,2,4,5,6)Questions with Correct
Answers
Nutrition - ANSWERSScience that links foods to health and disease
Hunger - ANSWERSPhysiological (internal) drive to find and eat food, usually caused
by internal cues
Appetite - ANSWERSPsychological (external) drive to find and eat food, often in the
absence of food
Satiety - ANSWERSPhysical feeling of fullness, state in which there is no desire to eat.
Physical satisfaction
Satiation - ANSWERSPsychological feeling of being satisfied by food, mental
satisfaction
Nutrients - ANSWERSDerived from food to provide fuel in the form of kcals and support
body functions
Essential Nutrients - ANSWERSHave a biological function; omission results in a decline
of function and replenishing the nutrient after being omitted restores biological function
(45 of these)
The six classes of nutrients - ANSWERSCarbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals,
water
Carbohydrates - ANSWERSMajority of calories in our diet, plant or animal derived, ~4
kcal/gram of food
Simple Sugars - ANSWERSMonosaccharides, Disaccharides (glucose, fructose)
Complex Sugars - ANSWERSGlycogen, starch, fiber
Lipids - ANSWERSFat, most energy nutrient (~9 kcal/gram), not water soluble
Animal Fats - ANSWERSSolid at room temperature, raises cholesterol
Plant Oils - ANSWERSLiquid at room temperature
Essential Fatty Acids - ANSWERSOmega 3 & Omega 6
, Proteins - ANSWERS~4 kcal/gram, main structural material in the body, form when
amino acids bond together, derived from animals & plants, helps to feel fuller longer
Water - ANSWERSProvides no calories/energy, majority of our body's weight,
transports nutrients and waste, found in lots of foods
Vitamins - ANSWERSEnable chemical reactions to occur in the body, 4 are fat soluble,
9 are water soluble, cooking destroys water soluble ones more readily, contains no
useable energy
Minerals - ANSWERSInorganic substances with no carbon atoms, numerous functions
in body, not destroyed while cooking, 16 major ones, perform electrolyte function, no
calories/energy
Phytochemicals - ANSWERSChemicals found in plants, contributes to reduced risk of
cancer or cardiovascular disease
Basal Metabolic Rate - ANSWERSResting metabolism
Vegetarians - ANSWERSHave much less B12, calcium, iron, and other minerals; cost of
eating is much more inexpensive
Student Athletes - ANSWERSNeed more carbohydrates for fuel, more protein for
muscle repair, more fluid replacement, females especially need more fat
Proportionality - ANSWERSEating more nutrient-dense food over calorically dense,
matching energy intake with physical activity
Variety - ANSWERSEating many different foods from all food groups, eat from all 5 food
groups each day
Nutrient Dense - ANSWERSNutrients exceed our caloric need (best for elderly and
weight loss)
Energy Dense - ANSWERSCalorie content to food weight
Moderation - ANSWERSPortion sizes, plan day's diet so you don't overconsume
nutrients/calories
Functional Foods - ANSWERSProvide health benefits beyond those supplied by
traditional nutrients that they have (e.g., Activia Yogurt = probiotics, Minute Maid Heart-
Wise Orange Juice = cholesterol control)
Dietary Guidelines - ANSWERSNutrition and physical activity advice based on scientific
research for Americans 2 and older
1,2,4,5,6)Questions with Correct
Answers
Nutrition - ANSWERSScience that links foods to health and disease
Hunger - ANSWERSPhysiological (internal) drive to find and eat food, usually caused
by internal cues
Appetite - ANSWERSPsychological (external) drive to find and eat food, often in the
absence of food
Satiety - ANSWERSPhysical feeling of fullness, state in which there is no desire to eat.
Physical satisfaction
Satiation - ANSWERSPsychological feeling of being satisfied by food, mental
satisfaction
Nutrients - ANSWERSDerived from food to provide fuel in the form of kcals and support
body functions
Essential Nutrients - ANSWERSHave a biological function; omission results in a decline
of function and replenishing the nutrient after being omitted restores biological function
(45 of these)
The six classes of nutrients - ANSWERSCarbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals,
water
Carbohydrates - ANSWERSMajority of calories in our diet, plant or animal derived, ~4
kcal/gram of food
Simple Sugars - ANSWERSMonosaccharides, Disaccharides (glucose, fructose)
Complex Sugars - ANSWERSGlycogen, starch, fiber
Lipids - ANSWERSFat, most energy nutrient (~9 kcal/gram), not water soluble
Animal Fats - ANSWERSSolid at room temperature, raises cholesterol
Plant Oils - ANSWERSLiquid at room temperature
Essential Fatty Acids - ANSWERSOmega 3 & Omega 6
, Proteins - ANSWERS~4 kcal/gram, main structural material in the body, form when
amino acids bond together, derived from animals & plants, helps to feel fuller longer
Water - ANSWERSProvides no calories/energy, majority of our body's weight,
transports nutrients and waste, found in lots of foods
Vitamins - ANSWERSEnable chemical reactions to occur in the body, 4 are fat soluble,
9 are water soluble, cooking destroys water soluble ones more readily, contains no
useable energy
Minerals - ANSWERSInorganic substances with no carbon atoms, numerous functions
in body, not destroyed while cooking, 16 major ones, perform electrolyte function, no
calories/energy
Phytochemicals - ANSWERSChemicals found in plants, contributes to reduced risk of
cancer or cardiovascular disease
Basal Metabolic Rate - ANSWERSResting metabolism
Vegetarians - ANSWERSHave much less B12, calcium, iron, and other minerals; cost of
eating is much more inexpensive
Student Athletes - ANSWERSNeed more carbohydrates for fuel, more protein for
muscle repair, more fluid replacement, females especially need more fat
Proportionality - ANSWERSEating more nutrient-dense food over calorically dense,
matching energy intake with physical activity
Variety - ANSWERSEating many different foods from all food groups, eat from all 5 food
groups each day
Nutrient Dense - ANSWERSNutrients exceed our caloric need (best for elderly and
weight loss)
Energy Dense - ANSWERSCalorie content to food weight
Moderation - ANSWERSPortion sizes, plan day's diet so you don't overconsume
nutrients/calories
Functional Foods - ANSWERSProvide health benefits beyond those supplied by
traditional nutrients that they have (e.g., Activia Yogurt = probiotics, Minute Maid Heart-
Wise Orange Juice = cholesterol control)
Dietary Guidelines - ANSWERSNutrition and physical activity advice based on scientific
research for Americans 2 and older
