NSG 6330 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
How is HIV transmitted?
| | |
Verticaltransmission fromamother toherbaby, bloodtransfusion, or
| | | | | | |
| exchange ofany blood products | | |
HIV risk factors are all of these except:
| | | | | | |
Unprotected sex or trauma with sexual activityor multiple partners
| | | | | | | | |
IV drug use, including shared syringes
| | | | | |
Exchangeofsaliva
Whether you order diagnostic testing or refer the patient to an HIV-specific
| | | | | | | | | | |
facility, laboratory confirmation for documentation for appropriate care
| | | | | | | |
rendered.
|
The test confirming HIV infection is
| | | | | | .
HIV-1/2Ag/Abcombination immunoassay
| | |
,Treatment, although not curative, is critical for the best outcome possible.
| | | | | | | | | |
One important principle of antiretroviral therapy is:
| | | | | | |
Response todrug therapy ismonitored byHIVRNAlevels.
| | | | | |
The HIV is positive, and the chest X-ray reflects bilateral infiltrates. The
| | | | | | | | | | |
radiologist telephones you with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Further
| | | | | | | | |
evaluation and report are sent to you with a diagnosis of pneumocystis
| | | | | | | | | | | |
pneumonia. What stage is this HIV presentation?
| | | | | | | |
AIDS
Women often tend to reschedule a well-woman visit, but they don't do so
| | | | | | | | | | | |
often with a problem such as pelvic pain. This symptom can present as
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| an acute, or chronic, insult. When a woman presents with pelvic pain, the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| term can | | | encompass many | | | possibilities. Differentiating acute from | | |
| chronic assists with narrowing down the possibilities but nonetheless can
| | | | | | | | |
| originate from more than one systemas a referred pain or discomfort.
| | | | | | | | | |
| The focus here will be of reproductive/pelvic origin.
| | | | | | |
As you know, the most common cause of pelvic pain can be noted as
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
,endometriosis. But you also know that the most acutecauses of pelvic pain | | | | | | | | | | | |
are probably:
| |
Salpingo-oophoritis (fallopian tube/ovary) | |
A twenty-five-year-old presents with a report of a very tenderarea just near her
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| introitus and to the left of her perineum. Very painful sex is how she knew
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| "something wasn't right." She showered and when washing, she felt a "pea-
| | | | | | | | | | |
sized" painful lump on the left side ofher "bottom." She tells you she looked
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| at it with a mirror and it was very small, but now it is the size of a ping-pong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ball and getting worse.
| | |
When you inspect her external genitalia, you are amazed at the size and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
appearance of the "lump."
| | | |
You note what appears to be an abscess on the left medial side of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| labia minora, and there is some edema extending into the perineum. Your
| | | | | | | | | | |
diagnosis for this presentation is:
| | | | |
Bartholin's cyst |
You explain to this young woman what this "lump" is and let her know you
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
willbe referring her to a gynecologist you consult with regularly. You explain
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
to her the likely treatment as follows:
| | | | | | |
, She willneed to take sitz baths three times per day and a broad-spectrum
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
antibiotic.
|
This is likely a fatty tumor and will need to be surgically removed.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Apossible incision might be necessary and a catheter placed for two to four
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
weeks to allow for drainage and appropriate healing.
| | | | | | | |
This is a folliculitis that has become infected and needs a needle aspiration
| | | | | | | | | | | |
and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.
| | | |
Apossible incision might be necessary and acatheter placed fortwo
| | | | | | | | |
| tofour weeks toallow fordrainage and appropriate healing.
| | | | | | |
Bartholin's Cyst |
IfaBartholin duct getsblocked,fluidbuilds upinthegland. The blocked | | | | | | | | | |
| gland iscalledaBartholin gland cyst
| | |
You are at the office and a thirty-year-old woman presents with an
| | | | | | | | | | |
| abrupt onset of pain when attempting to urinate. She is also complaining
| | | | | | | | | | |
| of frequency and urgency and thinks she may have seen some blood as
| | | | | | | | | | | |
well.You take her history and she tells you she had sex three days ago
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| with
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
How is HIV transmitted?
| | |
Verticaltransmission fromamother toherbaby, bloodtransfusion, or
| | | | | | |
| exchange ofany blood products | | |
HIV risk factors are all of these except:
| | | | | | |
Unprotected sex or trauma with sexual activityor multiple partners
| | | | | | | | |
IV drug use, including shared syringes
| | | | | |
Exchangeofsaliva
Whether you order diagnostic testing or refer the patient to an HIV-specific
| | | | | | | | | | |
facility, laboratory confirmation for documentation for appropriate care
| | | | | | | |
rendered.
|
The test confirming HIV infection is
| | | | | | .
HIV-1/2Ag/Abcombination immunoassay
| | |
,Treatment, although not curative, is critical for the best outcome possible.
| | | | | | | | | |
One important principle of antiretroviral therapy is:
| | | | | | |
Response todrug therapy ismonitored byHIVRNAlevels.
| | | | | |
The HIV is positive, and the chest X-ray reflects bilateral infiltrates. The
| | | | | | | | | | |
radiologist telephones you with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Further
| | | | | | | | |
evaluation and report are sent to you with a diagnosis of pneumocystis
| | | | | | | | | | | |
pneumonia. What stage is this HIV presentation?
| | | | | | | |
AIDS
Women often tend to reschedule a well-woman visit, but they don't do so
| | | | | | | | | | | |
often with a problem such as pelvic pain. This symptom can present as
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| an acute, or chronic, insult. When a woman presents with pelvic pain, the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| term can | | | encompass many | | | possibilities. Differentiating acute from | | |
| chronic assists with narrowing down the possibilities but nonetheless can
| | | | | | | | |
| originate from more than one systemas a referred pain or discomfort.
| | | | | | | | | |
| The focus here will be of reproductive/pelvic origin.
| | | | | | |
As you know, the most common cause of pelvic pain can be noted as
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
,endometriosis. But you also know that the most acutecauses of pelvic pain | | | | | | | | | | | |
are probably:
| |
Salpingo-oophoritis (fallopian tube/ovary) | |
A twenty-five-year-old presents with a report of a very tenderarea just near her
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| introitus and to the left of her perineum. Very painful sex is how she knew
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| "something wasn't right." She showered and when washing, she felt a "pea-
| | | | | | | | | | |
sized" painful lump on the left side ofher "bottom." She tells you she looked
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| at it with a mirror and it was very small, but now it is the size of a ping-pong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ball and getting worse.
| | |
When you inspect her external genitalia, you are amazed at the size and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
appearance of the "lump."
| | | |
You note what appears to be an abscess on the left medial side of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| labia minora, and there is some edema extending into the perineum. Your
| | | | | | | | | | |
diagnosis for this presentation is:
| | | | |
Bartholin's cyst |
You explain to this young woman what this "lump" is and let her know you
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
willbe referring her to a gynecologist you consult with regularly. You explain
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
to her the likely treatment as follows:
| | | | | | |
, She willneed to take sitz baths three times per day and a broad-spectrum
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
antibiotic.
|
This is likely a fatty tumor and will need to be surgically removed.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Apossible incision might be necessary and a catheter placed for two to four
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
weeks to allow for drainage and appropriate healing.
| | | | | | | |
This is a folliculitis that has become infected and needs a needle aspiration
| | | | | | | | | | | |
and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.
| | | |
Apossible incision might be necessary and acatheter placed fortwo
| | | | | | | | |
| tofour weeks toallow fordrainage and appropriate healing.
| | | | | | |
Bartholin's Cyst |
IfaBartholin duct getsblocked,fluidbuilds upinthegland. The blocked | | | | | | | | | |
| gland iscalledaBartholin gland cyst
| | |
You are at the office and a thirty-year-old woman presents with an
| | | | | | | | | | |
| abrupt onset of pain when attempting to urinate. She is also complaining
| | | | | | | | | | |
| of frequency and urgency and thinks she may have seen some blood as
| | | | | | | | | | | |
well.You take her history and she tells you she had sex three days ago
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| with
