Encephalopathic disorders (Smarty PANCE) Test Questions
and Answers Graded A+
A group of progressive, invariably fatal, ANSWER The presence of elevated antithyroid
conditions that affect the brain are caused by the antibody titers and the exclusion of other causes
accumulation of misfolded prion proteins giving of encephalopathy support the diagnosis of HE
the brain a "spongy" appearance?-
ANSWER Spongiform encephalopathy
Treatment of Hashimoto encephalopathy?-
ANSWER Treated with corticosteroids
Diagnosis of spongiform encephalopathy?-
ANSWER Lumbar puncture ↑ levels of 14-3-3
protein. Definitive diagnosis with brain biopsy A neurological disorder induced by thiamine,
vitamin B1, deficiency. This is the most important
encephalopathy due to a single vitamin
What is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)?- deficiency and presents with the classic triad of
ANSWER CJD is classified as a transmissible ocular findings, cerebellar dysfunction, and
spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) along with confusion.- ANSWER Wernicke
other prion diseases that occur in humans and encephalopathy (WE)
animals.
Treatment of Wernicke encephalopathy?-
How does bovine spongiform encephalopathy ANSWER This is a medical emergency and
(mad cow disease) relate to humans?- requires infusion of thiamine over a few days to
ANSWER Bovine spongiform encephalopathy normalized thiamine levels
(BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is
an incurable and invariably fatal
neurodegenerative disease of cattle. Symptoms Occurs in individuals with chronic liver disease
include abnormal behavior, trouble walking, and such as cirrhosis or hepatitis. Early symptoms
weight loss. Later in the course of the disease include forgetfulness, confusion, and breath with
the cow becomes unable to function normally. a sweet or musty odor. Advanced symptoms
The time between infection and onset of include shaking of the hands or arms (asterixis),
symptoms is generally four to five years. Time disorientation, slurred speech, and coma?-
from onset of symptoms to death is generally ANSWER Hepatic encephalopathy
weeks to months. Spread to humans is believed
to result in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
(vCJD) Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?-
ANSWER Treatment includes removing toxic
substances from the intestine. Lactulose (to
Syndrome of acute or subacute encephalopathy increase NH4 generation) and rifaximin
that is associated with elevated anti-thyroid (decrease intraluminal NH3 production)
antibody titers?- ANSWER Hashimoto
encephalopathy (HE)
Diagnosis of Hashimoto encephalopathy?-
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and Answers Graded A+
A group of progressive, invariably fatal, ANSWER The presence of elevated antithyroid
conditions that affect the brain are caused by the antibody titers and the exclusion of other causes
accumulation of misfolded prion proteins giving of encephalopathy support the diagnosis of HE
the brain a "spongy" appearance?-
ANSWER Spongiform encephalopathy
Treatment of Hashimoto encephalopathy?-
ANSWER Treated with corticosteroids
Diagnosis of spongiform encephalopathy?-
ANSWER Lumbar puncture ↑ levels of 14-3-3
protein. Definitive diagnosis with brain biopsy A neurological disorder induced by thiamine,
vitamin B1, deficiency. This is the most important
encephalopathy due to a single vitamin
What is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)?- deficiency and presents with the classic triad of
ANSWER CJD is classified as a transmissible ocular findings, cerebellar dysfunction, and
spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) along with confusion.- ANSWER Wernicke
other prion diseases that occur in humans and encephalopathy (WE)
animals.
Treatment of Wernicke encephalopathy?-
How does bovine spongiform encephalopathy ANSWER This is a medical emergency and
(mad cow disease) relate to humans?- requires infusion of thiamine over a few days to
ANSWER Bovine spongiform encephalopathy normalized thiamine levels
(BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is
an incurable and invariably fatal
neurodegenerative disease of cattle. Symptoms Occurs in individuals with chronic liver disease
include abnormal behavior, trouble walking, and such as cirrhosis or hepatitis. Early symptoms
weight loss. Later in the course of the disease include forgetfulness, confusion, and breath with
the cow becomes unable to function normally. a sweet or musty odor. Advanced symptoms
The time between infection and onset of include shaking of the hands or arms (asterixis),
symptoms is generally four to five years. Time disorientation, slurred speech, and coma?-
from onset of symptoms to death is generally ANSWER Hepatic encephalopathy
weeks to months. Spread to humans is believed
to result in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
(vCJD) Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?-
ANSWER Treatment includes removing toxic
substances from the intestine. Lactulose (to
Syndrome of acute or subacute encephalopathy increase NH4 generation) and rifaximin
that is associated with elevated anti-thyroid (decrease intraluminal NH3 production)
antibody titers?- ANSWER Hashimoto
encephalopathy (HE)
Diagnosis of Hashimoto encephalopathy?-
1/1
