National Psychology Exam Questions
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the main function of the prefrontal cortex in human behavior?
✔✔It is responsible for decision-making, planning, and regulating social behavior.
How does classical conditioning influence behavior?
✔✔By associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a learned
response.
What is the role of dopamine in the brain?
✔✔It regulates reward, motivation, and motor control.
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts to others?
✔✔Projection
What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?
✔✔Studying mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.
1
,How does operant conditioning differ from classical conditioning?
✔✔Operant conditioning involves learning through rewards and punishments, while classical
conditioning involves associations between stimuli.
What is the difference between short-term and long-term memory?
✔✔Short-term memory holds information temporarily, while long-term memory stores
information for extended periods.
Which psychological approach emphasizes the influence of unconscious motives?
✔✔Psychoanalytic approach
How does reinforcement differ from punishment?
✔✔Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior, while punishment decreases it.
What is the primary function of the amygdala?
✔✔Processing emotions, especially fear and aggression.
2
,Which stage of Piaget’s theory is characterized by abstract thinking?
✔✔Formal operational stage
What is the key principle of humanistic psychology?
✔✔Individuals have the capacity for personal growth and self-actualization.
How does social learning theory explain behavior?
✔✔Behavior is learned through observing and imitating others.
What is the main purpose of the hippocampus?
✔✔Forming and consolidating new memories.
Which disorder is characterized by excessive worry and restlessness?
✔✔Generalized anxiety disorder
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
✔✔Intrinsic motivation comes from internal desires, while extrinsic motivation comes from
external rewards.
3
, How does cognitive dissonance affect decision-making?
✔✔It creates psychological discomfort that motivates individuals to change beliefs or behaviors
to reduce inconsistency.
Which type of memory involves recalling personal life experiences?
✔✔Episodic memory
What is the role of serotonin in mental health?
✔✔It regulates mood, sleep, and appetite, and low levels are linked to depression.
What is a common symptom of major depressive disorder?
✔✔Persistent sadness or loss of interest in activities.
How does reinforcement schedule affect learning?
✔✔Different schedules, such as fixed or variable, influence the speed and persistence of learned
behavior.
4
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the main function of the prefrontal cortex in human behavior?
✔✔It is responsible for decision-making, planning, and regulating social behavior.
How does classical conditioning influence behavior?
✔✔By associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a learned
response.
What is the role of dopamine in the brain?
✔✔It regulates reward, motivation, and motor control.
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts to others?
✔✔Projection
What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?
✔✔Studying mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.
1
,How does operant conditioning differ from classical conditioning?
✔✔Operant conditioning involves learning through rewards and punishments, while classical
conditioning involves associations between stimuli.
What is the difference between short-term and long-term memory?
✔✔Short-term memory holds information temporarily, while long-term memory stores
information for extended periods.
Which psychological approach emphasizes the influence of unconscious motives?
✔✔Psychoanalytic approach
How does reinforcement differ from punishment?
✔✔Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior, while punishment decreases it.
What is the primary function of the amygdala?
✔✔Processing emotions, especially fear and aggression.
2
,Which stage of Piaget’s theory is characterized by abstract thinking?
✔✔Formal operational stage
What is the key principle of humanistic psychology?
✔✔Individuals have the capacity for personal growth and self-actualization.
How does social learning theory explain behavior?
✔✔Behavior is learned through observing and imitating others.
What is the main purpose of the hippocampus?
✔✔Forming and consolidating new memories.
Which disorder is characterized by excessive worry and restlessness?
✔✔Generalized anxiety disorder
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
✔✔Intrinsic motivation comes from internal desires, while extrinsic motivation comes from
external rewards.
3
, How does cognitive dissonance affect decision-making?
✔✔It creates psychological discomfort that motivates individuals to change beliefs or behaviors
to reduce inconsistency.
Which type of memory involves recalling personal life experiences?
✔✔Episodic memory
What is the role of serotonin in mental health?
✔✔It regulates mood, sleep, and appetite, and low levels are linked to depression.
What is a common symptom of major depressive disorder?
✔✔Persistent sadness or loss of interest in activities.
How does reinforcement schedule affect learning?
✔✔Different schedules, such as fixed or variable, influence the speed and persistence of learned
behavior.
4
