TEST BANK
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
5th Edition
TEST BANK
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and
that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period
after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse
accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may
play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being
unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Understand
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the
number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant
mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice
of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants
Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development
of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced
the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are
still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under
development. Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, Integrated aProcess: aTeaching/Learning
aReference: ap. a3
5. When apreparing aa aclient afor asurgery, athe anurse aexplains athat athe ause aof aan
aantiseptic aduring athe asurgery ahas agreatly aimproved aclient asurvival arates aand a was
astarted aby awhich aphysician?
A. Louis a Pasteur
B. Ignaz aPhilip aSemmelweis
C. Joseph a Lister
D. Alexander
aGordon aAnswer: aC
Rationale: aJoseph aLister awas aa aBritish asurgeon awho aembraced aLouis aPasteur's atheory
aof a microorganisms aas athe acause aof ainfection. aLister aused acarbolic aacid aas aan aantiseptic
aduring asurgery aand aimproved athe asurvival arates aof ahis apatients. aAlexander aGordon
aproposed athe atheory aof ainfection. aOliver a Wendell a Holmes aand aIgnaz aPhilip
aSemmelweis aconfirmed ahis atheory.
Question aformat: aMultiple aChoice
Chapter a1: aThe aNurse's aRole ain aa aChanging aMaternal-Child aHealth aCare aEnvironment
aCognitive aLevel: a Apply
Client aNeeds: aSafe, aEffective aCare aEnvironment: aSafety aand aInfection aControl aIntegrated
aProcess: a Nursing aProcess
Reference: ap. a4
6. A ayoung acouple aare avery aexcited ato alearn athey aare aexpecting atheir afirst achild aand
aquestion athe anurse aabout awhich atest athey aneed ato adiscover aits agender. aWhich aprocedure
awill abest aprovide athis ainformation ato athe acouple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic avillus asampling
D. HGP
Answer: a A
Rationale: aUltrasound ais aa avisual amethod afor aassessing athe afetus ain athe auterus aand awill
aprovide ainformation aabout athe agender. aAmniocentesis aand achorionic avillus asampling
aprovide athe aentire agenetic acode aof athe afetus. aHGP arefers ato athe aHuman a Genome aProject,
awhich acan aprovide ainformation aregarding agene a mutations aand avariations.
Question aformat: aMultiple aChoice
Chapter a1: aThe aNurse's aRole ain aa aChanging aMaternal-Child aHealth aCare aEnvironment
aCognitive aLevel: a Apply
Client aNeeds: aHealth aPromotion aand aMaintenance
aIntegrated aProcess: aCaring
Reference: ap. a6
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
5th Edition
TEST BANK
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and
that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period
after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse
accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may
play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being
unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Understand
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the
number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant
mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice
of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants
Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development
of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced
the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are
still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under
development. Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, Integrated aProcess: aTeaching/Learning
aReference: ap. a3
5. When apreparing aa aclient afor asurgery, athe anurse aexplains athat athe ause aof aan
aantiseptic aduring athe asurgery ahas agreatly aimproved aclient asurvival arates aand a was
astarted aby awhich aphysician?
A. Louis a Pasteur
B. Ignaz aPhilip aSemmelweis
C. Joseph a Lister
D. Alexander
aGordon aAnswer: aC
Rationale: aJoseph aLister awas aa aBritish asurgeon awho aembraced aLouis aPasteur's atheory
aof a microorganisms aas athe acause aof ainfection. aLister aused acarbolic aacid aas aan aantiseptic
aduring asurgery aand aimproved athe asurvival arates aof ahis apatients. aAlexander aGordon
aproposed athe atheory aof ainfection. aOliver a Wendell a Holmes aand aIgnaz aPhilip
aSemmelweis aconfirmed ahis atheory.
Question aformat: aMultiple aChoice
Chapter a1: aThe aNurse's aRole ain aa aChanging aMaternal-Child aHealth aCare aEnvironment
aCognitive aLevel: a Apply
Client aNeeds: aSafe, aEffective aCare aEnvironment: aSafety aand aInfection aControl aIntegrated
aProcess: a Nursing aProcess
Reference: ap. a4
6. A ayoung acouple aare avery aexcited ato alearn athey aare aexpecting atheir afirst achild aand
aquestion athe anurse aabout awhich atest athey aneed ato adiscover aits agender. aWhich aprocedure
awill abest aprovide athis ainformation ato athe acouple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic avillus asampling
D. HGP
Answer: a A
Rationale: aUltrasound ais aa avisual amethod afor aassessing athe afetus ain athe auterus aand awill
aprovide ainformation aabout athe agender. aAmniocentesis aand achorionic avillus asampling
aprovide athe aentire agenetic acode aof athe afetus. aHGP arefers ato athe aHuman a Genome aProject,
awhich acan aprovide ainformation aregarding agene a mutations aand avariations.
Question aformat: aMultiple aChoice
Chapter a1: aThe aNurse's aRole ain aa aChanging aMaternal-Child aHealth aCare aEnvironment
aCognitive aLevel: a Apply
Client aNeeds: aHealth aPromotion aand aMaintenance
aIntegrated aProcess: aCaring
Reference: ap. a6
