ATI PN FUNDAMENTALS REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2023 UPDATE
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to undergo an elective surgical procedure. The nurse
should take which of the following actions regarding informed consent? (select all that apply.)
a. Makes sure the surgeon obtained the client's consent
b. Witness the client's signature on the consent form
c. Explain the risks and benefits of the procedure.
d. Describe the consequences of choosing not to have the surgery.
e. Tell the client about alternatives to having the surgery.
A. Make sure the surgeon obtained the client's consent.
B. Witness the client's signature on the consent form.
Rationale:
1. It is the nurse's responsibility to verify that the surgeon obtained the client's consent and that
he understands the information the surgeon gave him.
2. It is the nurse's responsibility to witness the client's signing of the consent form, & to verify
that he is consenting voluntarily & appears to be competent to do so.
3. The nurse also should verify that he understands the information the surgeon gave him.
When entering a client's room to change a surgical dressing, a nurse notes that the client is
coughing and sneezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when preparing the
sterile field?
C. Place a mask on the client to limit the spread of micro-organisms into the surgical
wound.
Rationale: Placing a mask on the client prevents contamination of the surgical wound during the
dressing change.
A nurse has removed a sterile pack from its outside cover and placed it on a clean work surface
in preparation for an invasive procedure. Which of the following flaps should the nurse unfold
first?
D. The flap farthest from the body
Rationale: The priority goal in setting up a sterile field is to maintain sterility and thus reduce the
risk to the client's safety. Unless the nurse pulls the top flap (the one furthest from her body)
,away from her body first, she risks touching part of the inner surface of the wrap and thus
contaminating it.
A nurse is wearing sterile gloves in preparation for performing sterile procedure. Which of the
following objects can the nurse touch without breaching sterile technique? (Select all that apply)
The inner wrapping of an item on the sterile field.
Rationale: The inner wrappings of any objects the nurse dropped onto the sterile field are sterile.
The nurse may touch them with sterile gloves.
D. An irrigation syringe on the sterile field
Rationale: Any objects the nurse dropped onto the sterile field during the setup are sterile.
Thenurse may touch the syringe with sterile gloves.
E. One gloved hand with the other gloved hand
Rationale: One sterile gloved hand may touch the other sterile gloved hand because both are
sterile.
A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) reprimanding a client for not using the urinal
properly. The AP tells him she will put a diaper on him if she does not use the urinal more
carefully next time. Which of the following torts is the AP committing?
Assault
Battery
False Imprisonment
Invasion of Privacy
A. Assault
Rationale:
By threatening the client, the AP is committing assault. Her threats could make the client become
fearful and apprehensive.
A nurse is caring for a competent adult client who tells the nurse that he is thinking about
leaving the hospital against medical advice. The nurse believes that this is not in the client's best
interest, so she prepares to administer a PRN sedative medication the client has not requested
along with his usual medication. Which of the following types of tort is the nurse about to
commit?
Assault
False Imprisonment
Negligence
D. Breach of Confidentiality
B. False imprisonment
Rationale:
The nurse gave the med as a chemical restraint to keep the client from leaving the facility against
medical advice. This is false imprisonment bc the client neither requested nor consented to
receiving the sedative.
A nurse is reviewing hand hygiene techniques with a group of assistive personnel (AP). Which
, of the following instructions should the nurse include when discussing handwashing? (Select all
that apply)
Wash the hands with soap and water for at least 15 seconds.
Rationale: This is the amount of time it takes to remove transient flora from the hands. For soiled
hands, the recommendation is 2 min.
Use a clean paper towel to turn off hand faucets.
Rationale: If the sink does not have foot or knee pedals, the APs should turn off the water with a
clean paper towel and not with their hands.
A nurse has prepared a sterile field for assisting a provider with a chest tube insertion. Which of
the following events should the nurse recognize as contaminating the sterile field? (Select all that
apply)
The nurse moistens a cotton ball with sterile normal saline and places it on the sterile field.
Rationale: Fluid permeation of the sterile drape or barrier contaminates the field.
The procedure is delayed 1 hr because the provider receives an emergency call.
Rationale: Prolonged exposure to air contaminates a sterile field
The nurse turns to speak to someone who enters through the door behind the nurse.
Rationale: Turning away from a sterile field contaminates the field because the nurse cannot see
if a piece of clothing or hair made contact with the field.
ANSWERS 2023 UPDATE
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to undergo an elective surgical procedure. The nurse
should take which of the following actions regarding informed consent? (select all that apply.)
a. Makes sure the surgeon obtained the client's consent
b. Witness the client's signature on the consent form
c. Explain the risks and benefits of the procedure.
d. Describe the consequences of choosing not to have the surgery.
e. Tell the client about alternatives to having the surgery.
A. Make sure the surgeon obtained the client's consent.
B. Witness the client's signature on the consent form.
Rationale:
1. It is the nurse's responsibility to verify that the surgeon obtained the client's consent and that
he understands the information the surgeon gave him.
2. It is the nurse's responsibility to witness the client's signing of the consent form, & to verify
that he is consenting voluntarily & appears to be competent to do so.
3. The nurse also should verify that he understands the information the surgeon gave him.
When entering a client's room to change a surgical dressing, a nurse notes that the client is
coughing and sneezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when preparing the
sterile field?
C. Place a mask on the client to limit the spread of micro-organisms into the surgical
wound.
Rationale: Placing a mask on the client prevents contamination of the surgical wound during the
dressing change.
A nurse has removed a sterile pack from its outside cover and placed it on a clean work surface
in preparation for an invasive procedure. Which of the following flaps should the nurse unfold
first?
D. The flap farthest from the body
Rationale: The priority goal in setting up a sterile field is to maintain sterility and thus reduce the
risk to the client's safety. Unless the nurse pulls the top flap (the one furthest from her body)
,away from her body first, she risks touching part of the inner surface of the wrap and thus
contaminating it.
A nurse is wearing sterile gloves in preparation for performing sterile procedure. Which of the
following objects can the nurse touch without breaching sterile technique? (Select all that apply)
The inner wrapping of an item on the sterile field.
Rationale: The inner wrappings of any objects the nurse dropped onto the sterile field are sterile.
The nurse may touch them with sterile gloves.
D. An irrigation syringe on the sterile field
Rationale: Any objects the nurse dropped onto the sterile field during the setup are sterile.
Thenurse may touch the syringe with sterile gloves.
E. One gloved hand with the other gloved hand
Rationale: One sterile gloved hand may touch the other sterile gloved hand because both are
sterile.
A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) reprimanding a client for not using the urinal
properly. The AP tells him she will put a diaper on him if she does not use the urinal more
carefully next time. Which of the following torts is the AP committing?
Assault
Battery
False Imprisonment
Invasion of Privacy
A. Assault
Rationale:
By threatening the client, the AP is committing assault. Her threats could make the client become
fearful and apprehensive.
A nurse is caring for a competent adult client who tells the nurse that he is thinking about
leaving the hospital against medical advice. The nurse believes that this is not in the client's best
interest, so she prepares to administer a PRN sedative medication the client has not requested
along with his usual medication. Which of the following types of tort is the nurse about to
commit?
Assault
False Imprisonment
Negligence
D. Breach of Confidentiality
B. False imprisonment
Rationale:
The nurse gave the med as a chemical restraint to keep the client from leaving the facility against
medical advice. This is false imprisonment bc the client neither requested nor consented to
receiving the sedative.
A nurse is reviewing hand hygiene techniques with a group of assistive personnel (AP). Which
, of the following instructions should the nurse include when discussing handwashing? (Select all
that apply)
Wash the hands with soap and water for at least 15 seconds.
Rationale: This is the amount of time it takes to remove transient flora from the hands. For soiled
hands, the recommendation is 2 min.
Use a clean paper towel to turn off hand faucets.
Rationale: If the sink does not have foot or knee pedals, the APs should turn off the water with a
clean paper towel and not with their hands.
A nurse has prepared a sterile field for assisting a provider with a chest tube insertion. Which of
the following events should the nurse recognize as contaminating the sterile field? (Select all that
apply)
The nurse moistens a cotton ball with sterile normal saline and places it on the sterile field.
Rationale: Fluid permeation of the sterile drape or barrier contaminates the field.
The procedure is delayed 1 hr because the provider receives an emergency call.
Rationale: Prolonged exposure to air contaminates a sterile field
The nurse turns to speak to someone who enters through the door behind the nurse.
Rationale: Turning away from a sterile field contaminates the field because the nurse cannot see
if a piece of clothing or hair made contact with the field.
