,OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing
Instructor Answer Guide
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-Newborn and Women’s Health Nursing ..................................... 3
Chapter 2: Culturally Competent Nursing Care ......................................................................................... 9
Chapter 3: Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention, and Well-Person Care ..................... 14
Chapter 4: Influences on Fertility ................................................................................................................. 21
Chapter 5: Family Planning .......................................................................................................................... 26
Chapter 6: Structural and Tissue Disorders of the Reproductive System ............................................. 34
Chapter 7: Commonly Occurring Reproductive and Genitourinary System Infections ...................... 38
Chapter 8: Disorders of the Breast ............................................................................................................. 42
Chapter 9: Violence Against Women ......................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 10: Pregnancy ................................................................................................................................. 51
Chapter 11: Prenatal Care .......................................................................................................................... 57
Chapter 12: Pregnancy at Risk .................................................................................................................... 62
Chapter 13: Prenatal Testing ....................................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 14: Childbirth Education Options ................................................................................................. 71
Chapter 15: Process of Labor and Birth .................................................................................................... 77
Chapter 16: Electronic Fetal and Uterine Contraction Monitoring ........................................................ 82
Chapter 17: Pain Management During Labor and Birth ......................................................................... 88
Chapter 18: Nursing Care and Interventions During Labor and Birth .................................................. 92
Chapter 19: Complications of Labor and Birth ......................................................................................... 97
Chapter 20: Postpartum Care................................................................................................................... 104
Chapter 21: Postpartum Complications ................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 22: Immediate Care of the Newborn ...................................................................................... 112
Chapter 23: Newborn Assessment ........................................................................................................... 116
Chapter 24: Care of the Typical Newborn ............................................................................................ 120
Chapter 25: Care of the Newborn at Risk ............................................................................................. 124
Chapter 26: Perinatal Bereavement ........................................................................................................ 128
Chapter 27: Unfolding Case Study: Applying Clinical Judgment ...................................................... 131
2
For more free, peer-reviewed, openly licensed resources visit OpenStax.org.
10/10/2025
,OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-Newborn and Women’s Health
Nursing
Review Questions
1. What is one purpose of the Healthy People 2030 objectives?
a. Stop world hunger.
b. Prevent conflict and war in other countries.
c. Address issues in health care to solve cancer.
d. Recommend changes to increase health promotion and disease prevention.
[Answer: D]
3. The nurse is doing a review of systems on a person in the clinic. The nurse asks if the patient
has any problems with sexual dysfunction. Why is it important for the nurse to ask all people
this question?
a. Some people may not bring up the topic of sex due to taboos and stigma.
b. All patients will eventually have sexual problems.
c. Nurses should ask because other health-care providers are not trained to ask those
questions.
d. Sexual dysfunction is a taboo only for people AFAB.
[Answer: A]
5. The nurse is caring for a person AFAB who is 15 years old. Why would a gynecologic
provider see a person at this age?
a. The person’s partner desires permanent sterilization.
b. Their family told the person they had to get a Pap smear.
c. The person was late starting care because the first visit should be before the age of 13.
d. The person may want to discuss their menstrual cycle and hormonal changes.
[Answer: D]
7. What occurred after childbirth migrated from the home to the hospital?
a. Infection rates dropped in the hospital.
b. Laboring people were given greater support in labor.
c. The childbirth model became a medical model.
d. Pain relief allowed laboring people to spend more time with their partners in labor.
[Answer: C]
9. A community health nurse recognizes an increase in maternal mortality in the neighborhood.
What could the community health nurse do?
a. Conduct weekly prenatal appointments in their home.
b. Draw blood on all pregnant people to look for anemia.
c. Assess the health of a baby using an ultrasound.
d. Develop an educational pamphlet discussing signs of preeclampsia.
[Answer: D]
11. What is the purpose of the standards of care for nurses?
a. to guide hospital administration to promote nurses
b. to ensure nurses are assessing patients
c. to protect the public’s safety
d. to protect the health-care providers
[Answer: C]
13. The nurse makes an error of omission. What is an example of an error of omission?
a. placing the fetal monitor incorrectly
b. not recording input/output amounts
c. not covering the computer screen when documenting
3
, OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
d. removing an IV
[Answer: B]
15. What is a good example of informed consent?
a. The nurse hands the patient the stack of consents and asks them to sign them.
b. The nurse tells the patient not to worry about reading the consents.
c. The nurse alerts the OB that the patient has questions about the cesarean consent.
d. The nurse explains that it is not their job to answer questions.
[Answer: C]
17. What is an example of maternal-fetal conflict?
a. The pregnant person agrees to treatment no matter what happens to them.
b. The pregnant person has cancer but cannot start treatment until the fetus is delivered.
c. The fetus is in distress, and the pregnant person agrees to a cesarean birth.
d. The parents of a fetus agree to a labor induction.
[Answer: B]
Check Your Understanding Questions
1. How can nurses use the Healthy People 2030 objectives to advance the health of their
patients?
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include that the nurse uses these objectives to help educate
people regarding health promotion and disease prevention. Patient education based on these
objectives can help prevent cervical cancer, heart disease, and adolescent pregnancies, and can
elevate the health and wellness of people assigned female at birth.]
3. Name three core concepts of women’s health nursing.
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include any three from this list.
• recognizing the diversity of women’s health needs
• emphasizing empowerment through informed participation in one’s health care
• acknowledging the importance of research in gender differences in disease and
response to drugs
• recognizing the need for a multidisciplinary team approach
• striving for symmetry in provider-patient relationships
• providing access to information
• engaging in shared decision making
• striving for change]
5. Explain how surrogacy can be an ethical dilemma.
[Answer: Answers will vary but should include some of the following:
Surrogacy has some people questioning the ethics of “selling their reproductive abilities,” while
other people support this option. Some countries do not allow surrogacy, and in the United States,
states are responsible for laws surrounding surrogacy. The price of surrogacy in the United States
is approximately $100,000 and includes the health-care fees, legal fees, and sometimes travel
fees. Most insurance companies do not cover these fees, bringing up the ethical issue of only
people with a great deal of money being able to utilize surrogacy.]
Reflection Questions
1. Explain why addressing taboos in women’s health is so crucial.
4
For more free, peer-reviewed, openly licensed resources visit OpenStax.org.
10/10/2025
OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing
Instructor Answer Guide
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-Newborn and Women’s Health Nursing ..................................... 3
Chapter 2: Culturally Competent Nursing Care ......................................................................................... 9
Chapter 3: Health Promotion, Disease and Injury Prevention, and Well-Person Care ..................... 14
Chapter 4: Influences on Fertility ................................................................................................................. 21
Chapter 5: Family Planning .......................................................................................................................... 26
Chapter 6: Structural and Tissue Disorders of the Reproductive System ............................................. 34
Chapter 7: Commonly Occurring Reproductive and Genitourinary System Infections ...................... 38
Chapter 8: Disorders of the Breast ............................................................................................................. 42
Chapter 9: Violence Against Women ......................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 10: Pregnancy ................................................................................................................................. 51
Chapter 11: Prenatal Care .......................................................................................................................... 57
Chapter 12: Pregnancy at Risk .................................................................................................................... 62
Chapter 13: Prenatal Testing ....................................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 14: Childbirth Education Options ................................................................................................. 71
Chapter 15: Process of Labor and Birth .................................................................................................... 77
Chapter 16: Electronic Fetal and Uterine Contraction Monitoring ........................................................ 82
Chapter 17: Pain Management During Labor and Birth ......................................................................... 88
Chapter 18: Nursing Care and Interventions During Labor and Birth .................................................. 92
Chapter 19: Complications of Labor and Birth ......................................................................................... 97
Chapter 20: Postpartum Care................................................................................................................... 104
Chapter 21: Postpartum Complications ................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 22: Immediate Care of the Newborn ...................................................................................... 112
Chapter 23: Newborn Assessment ........................................................................................................... 116
Chapter 24: Care of the Typical Newborn ............................................................................................ 120
Chapter 25: Care of the Newborn at Risk ............................................................................................. 124
Chapter 26: Perinatal Bereavement ........................................................................................................ 128
Chapter 27: Unfolding Case Study: Applying Clinical Judgment ...................................................... 131
2
For more free, peer-reviewed, openly licensed resources visit OpenStax.org.
10/10/2025
,OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
Chapter 1: Foundations in Maternal-Newborn and Women’s Health
Nursing
Review Questions
1. What is one purpose of the Healthy People 2030 objectives?
a. Stop world hunger.
b. Prevent conflict and war in other countries.
c. Address issues in health care to solve cancer.
d. Recommend changes to increase health promotion and disease prevention.
[Answer: D]
3. The nurse is doing a review of systems on a person in the clinic. The nurse asks if the patient
has any problems with sexual dysfunction. Why is it important for the nurse to ask all people
this question?
a. Some people may not bring up the topic of sex due to taboos and stigma.
b. All patients will eventually have sexual problems.
c. Nurses should ask because other health-care providers are not trained to ask those
questions.
d. Sexual dysfunction is a taboo only for people AFAB.
[Answer: A]
5. The nurse is caring for a person AFAB who is 15 years old. Why would a gynecologic
provider see a person at this age?
a. The person’s partner desires permanent sterilization.
b. Their family told the person they had to get a Pap smear.
c. The person was late starting care because the first visit should be before the age of 13.
d. The person may want to discuss their menstrual cycle and hormonal changes.
[Answer: D]
7. What occurred after childbirth migrated from the home to the hospital?
a. Infection rates dropped in the hospital.
b. Laboring people were given greater support in labor.
c. The childbirth model became a medical model.
d. Pain relief allowed laboring people to spend more time with their partners in labor.
[Answer: C]
9. A community health nurse recognizes an increase in maternal mortality in the neighborhood.
What could the community health nurse do?
a. Conduct weekly prenatal appointments in their home.
b. Draw blood on all pregnant people to look for anemia.
c. Assess the health of a baby using an ultrasound.
d. Develop an educational pamphlet discussing signs of preeclampsia.
[Answer: D]
11. What is the purpose of the standards of care for nurses?
a. to guide hospital administration to promote nurses
b. to ensure nurses are assessing patients
c. to protect the public’s safety
d. to protect the health-care providers
[Answer: C]
13. The nurse makes an error of omission. What is an example of an error of omission?
a. placing the fetal monitor incorrectly
b. not recording input/output amounts
c. not covering the computer screen when documenting
3
, OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing Student Answer Guide
d. removing an IV
[Answer: B]
15. What is a good example of informed consent?
a. The nurse hands the patient the stack of consents and asks them to sign them.
b. The nurse tells the patient not to worry about reading the consents.
c. The nurse alerts the OB that the patient has questions about the cesarean consent.
d. The nurse explains that it is not their job to answer questions.
[Answer: C]
17. What is an example of maternal-fetal conflict?
a. The pregnant person agrees to treatment no matter what happens to them.
b. The pregnant person has cancer but cannot start treatment until the fetus is delivered.
c. The fetus is in distress, and the pregnant person agrees to a cesarean birth.
d. The parents of a fetus agree to a labor induction.
[Answer: B]
Check Your Understanding Questions
1. How can nurses use the Healthy People 2030 objectives to advance the health of their
patients?
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include that the nurse uses these objectives to help educate
people regarding health promotion and disease prevention. Patient education based on these
objectives can help prevent cervical cancer, heart disease, and adolescent pregnancies, and can
elevate the health and wellness of people assigned female at birth.]
3. Name three core concepts of women’s health nursing.
[Answer: Answers may vary but should include any three from this list.
• recognizing the diversity of women’s health needs
• emphasizing empowerment through informed participation in one’s health care
• acknowledging the importance of research in gender differences in disease and
response to drugs
• recognizing the need for a multidisciplinary team approach
• striving for symmetry in provider-patient relationships
• providing access to information
• engaging in shared decision making
• striving for change]
5. Explain how surrogacy can be an ethical dilemma.
[Answer: Answers will vary but should include some of the following:
Surrogacy has some people questioning the ethics of “selling their reproductive abilities,” while
other people support this option. Some countries do not allow surrogacy, and in the United States,
states are responsible for laws surrounding surrogacy. The price of surrogacy in the United States
is approximately $100,000 and includes the health-care fees, legal fees, and sometimes travel
fees. Most insurance companies do not cover these fees, bringing up the ethical issue of only
people with a great deal of money being able to utilize surrogacy.]
Reflection Questions
1. Explain why addressing taboos in women’s health is so crucial.
4
For more free, peer-reviewed, openly licensed resources visit OpenStax.org.
10/10/2025
