Applied Pathophysiology: A Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition by Judi Nath, Carie Braun

Applied
PathophysiologyA
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Conceptual
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Approachtothe
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Mechanismsof
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Disease4thEdition
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BraunTestBank
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, AppliedPathophysiologyAConceptualApproachtothe i i i i i i




Mechanisms of Disease 4th Edition Braun Test Bank
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Chapter1Introduction to Pathophysiology
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1. Thenucleus i ,which isessentialforfunction and survivalofthecell.
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A) isthesite ofproteinsynthesis
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B) containsthegeneticcode i i i




C) transformscellularenergy i i




D) initiatesaerobicmetabolism i i




2. Although energyisnotmadeinmitochondria, theyareknownasthepower plants
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of the cell because they:
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A) containRNAforproteinsynthesis. i i i i




B) utilizeglycolysisforoxidativeenergy.i i i i




C) extractenergyfromorganiccompounds. i i i i




D) storecalciumbondsfor musclecontractions.
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3. Although thebasic structureofthecellplasmamembrane isformedbyalipid
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bilayer, most of the specific membrane functions are carried out by:
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A) bound and transmembrane proteins. i i i




B) complex,longcarbohydratechains. i i i




C) surfaceantigens andhormonereceptors. i i i i




D) agatingsystemofselective ion channels.
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4. Toeffectivelyrelaysignals,cell-to-cellcommunicationutilizeschemical
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messenger systems that:
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A) displacesurfacereceptorproteins. i i i




B) accumulatewithincellgapjunctions. i i i i




C) bindtocontractilemicrofilaments.
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D) releasesecretionsintoextracellularfluid. i i i i




5. Aerobicmetabolism,alsoknownasoxidativemetabolism,providesenergyby:
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,A) removingthephosphatebondsfromATP. i i i i i




B) combininghydrogen andoxygentoformwater. i i i i i i




C) activatingpyruvatestoredinthecytoplasm. i i i i i




D) breakingdown glucosetoformlacticacid. i i i i i i




6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
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extracellular fluid.
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A) Engulfingand ingestingfluidandproteinsfortransport i i i i i i i




B) Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmfulmicroorganisms
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C) Removingcellulardebrisandreleasingsynthesizedsubstances i i i i i i




D) Destructionofparticlesbylysosomalenzymesfor secretion i i i i i i i




7. Theprocessresponsibleforgeneratingandconductingmembranepotentials is:
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A) diffusion ofcurrent-carrying ions. i i i




B) millivoltage of electrical potential. i i i




C) polarizationofchargedparticles. i i i




D) ionchannelneurotransmission.
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8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the
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numberoflayers.Whichofthefollowing isa correctlymatched description and
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type of epithelial tissue?
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A) Simpleepithelium:cellsincontactwith intercellular matrix;somedonot
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extend to surface
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B) Stratified epithelium:singlelayerofcells;allcellsrestonbasement
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membrane
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C) Glandularepithelium:arisefromsurfaceepitheliaandunderlying i i i i i i i




connective tissue
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D) Pseudostratifiedepithelium:multiplelayersofcells;deepestlayerrestson i i i i i i i i i




basement membrane
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9. Connectivetissuecontainsfibroblaststhatareresponsiblefor:
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A) providingafibrousframeworkforcapillaries. i i i i i




B) synthesisofcollagen,elastin,andreticularfibers. i i i i i i

, C) formingtendons andthefasciathatcoversmuscles. i i i i i i i




D) fillingspacesbetweentissuestokeeporgansin place.
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10. Althoughallmuscletissuecellshavesomesimilarities,smooth muscle(also
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known as involuntary muscle) differs by:
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A) havingdensebodiesattachedtoactin filaments. i i i i i i




B) containingsarcomeresbetween Zlines and Mbands. i i i i i i i




C) havingrapidcontractionsandabundantcross-striations.
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D) contractinginresponsetoincreasedintracellularcalcium. i i i i i i




11. Whichofthe following aspectsofthefunctionofthenucleus isperformed by
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ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
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A) CopyingandcarryingDNAinstructionsforproteinsynthesis i i i i i i i




B) Carryingamino acidsto thesiteofprotein synthesis i i i i i i i i




C) Providingthesitewhereproteinsynthesisoccurs i i i i i i




D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis i i i i




12. Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out cellparts are
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performed by which of the following organelles?
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A) Lysosomes
B) Golgiapparatus i




C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) i i




13. Impairmentinthefunctionofperoxisomeswouldresultin: i i i i i i i i




A) inadequatesitesforproteinsynthesis. i i i i




B) aninabilitytotransportcellularproductsacrossthecellmembrane.
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C) insufficientenergyproductionwithinacell. i i i i i




D) accumulationoffreeradicalsinthecytoplasm. i i i i i i




14. After several months of trying to conceive, a couple is undergoing fertility testing.
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Semenanalysisindicatesthatthemansspermhavedecreasedmotility, a finding that
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is thought to underlie the couples inability to become pregnant.
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