Lecture 6 assignment
Hanneke Bos 6167055
1. In this article the concepts mood and emotion are used interchangeably. In
the lecture, however, these are discussed as different concepts: a) What is
mood? b) What is an emotion? c) What is the most important difference
between the two?
The answer to A) mood is a more general, longer lasting, unfocused, objectless
affective state. The answer to B) emotions are multi-dimensional and have four
components; feelings, motivation, expression and bodily responses. Each emotion
has a specific response pattern. They are specific, intense, short-lived and helps us
adapt to life events. The answer to C) the most important difference between
emotions and mood is that they have different antecedents, action-specificity and
different time courses. Emotions arise from significant life events and from
appraisals of their significance to our well-being. Moods emerge from processes
that are not clearly. Emotions mostly influence behavior and direct specific courses
of action. Moods mostly influence cognition. Emotions are short-lived and moods
last longer.
2. a) Explain how the TOTE model works (see also lecture 1) and describe
each letter of the model. b) Give an example of TOTE in relation to an
individual who wants to lose 5 kilos of bodyweight
the answer to A) TOTE is a cognitive mechanism by which plans energize and
direct. It stands for test, operate, test(again) and exit. Test represents the problem
state, identifying the goal. You compare the current state to the ideal state and if
this is incongruent, you go to operate. Operate is the stage that stands for acting on
the environment to realise the ideal state. Then you go to the test-again stage, you
compare the current state with the ideal state again to see if the desired result has
been achieved. If not, you go back to operate. If you achieved your goal you go to
exit. The answer to B) you compare your current state to your ideal state and
identify a goal in this case losing 5 kilograms. Then you go to operate, you take
action to realise this goal, for example, going to the gym, eating healthy, throwing
out the snacks. Then you go to test-again and see if you have lost 5 kilograms. If
you have not, you go to operate again. If you did lose 5 kilograms, you go to exit,
you have achieved your goal.
3. What is meant by this sentence? Choose the best answer.
A. People in negative moods have the priority to feeling better, even if this
requires additional self-control.
B. Negative moods make people impulsive which undermines their ability to
act in accordance with their long-term goals.
Hanneke Bos 6167055
1. In this article the concepts mood and emotion are used interchangeably. In
the lecture, however, these are discussed as different concepts: a) What is
mood? b) What is an emotion? c) What is the most important difference
between the two?
The answer to A) mood is a more general, longer lasting, unfocused, objectless
affective state. The answer to B) emotions are multi-dimensional and have four
components; feelings, motivation, expression and bodily responses. Each emotion
has a specific response pattern. They are specific, intense, short-lived and helps us
adapt to life events. The answer to C) the most important difference between
emotions and mood is that they have different antecedents, action-specificity and
different time courses. Emotions arise from significant life events and from
appraisals of their significance to our well-being. Moods emerge from processes
that are not clearly. Emotions mostly influence behavior and direct specific courses
of action. Moods mostly influence cognition. Emotions are short-lived and moods
last longer.
2. a) Explain how the TOTE model works (see also lecture 1) and describe
each letter of the model. b) Give an example of TOTE in relation to an
individual who wants to lose 5 kilos of bodyweight
the answer to A) TOTE is a cognitive mechanism by which plans energize and
direct. It stands for test, operate, test(again) and exit. Test represents the problem
state, identifying the goal. You compare the current state to the ideal state and if
this is incongruent, you go to operate. Operate is the stage that stands for acting on
the environment to realise the ideal state. Then you go to the test-again stage, you
compare the current state with the ideal state again to see if the desired result has
been achieved. If not, you go back to operate. If you achieved your goal you go to
exit. The answer to B) you compare your current state to your ideal state and
identify a goal in this case losing 5 kilograms. Then you go to operate, you take
action to realise this goal, for example, going to the gym, eating healthy, throwing
out the snacks. Then you go to test-again and see if you have lost 5 kilograms. If
you have not, you go to operate again. If you did lose 5 kilograms, you go to exit,
you have achieved your goal.
3. What is meant by this sentence? Choose the best answer.
A. People in negative moods have the priority to feeling better, even if this
requires additional self-control.
B. Negative moods make people impulsive which undermines their ability to
act in accordance with their long-term goals.
